在 CentOS 5.8 上安装 Graphite
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基础环境
- 操作系统内核
uname -aLinux cloud-test-slave-001 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:06:06 EST 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
- 操作系统版本
[root@cloud-test-slave-001 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 5.8 (Final)
- Python 版本
[root@cloud-test-slave-001 ~]# python --versionPython 2.7
必备软件
按照 Graphite 官方文档的要求,需要如下软件:
python2.4 或者更高版本(必选)【建议 2.6 或 2.7 版本】pycairo (需要 PNG 包支持,即 libpng)(必选)mod_python(必选)django(必选,需要 django 1.4 版本,为什么必须 django 1.4 在后面会说明)python-ldap (可选 - needed for ldap-based webapp authentication)python-memcached (可选 - needed for webapp caching, big performance boost)python-sqlite2 (可选 - a django-supported database module is required)bitmap and bitmap-fonts required on some systems, 尤其是在 Red Hat 系统上
下面是我目前安装的一些涉及到的软件的版本(可能有多余的,是因为我在虚拟环境安装,没有安装好,只好混装,所以拉出来的有点多)
执行命令 pip freeze
拉出如下清单:
Django==1.4Dozer==0.4Jinja2==2.7.3MarkupSafe==0.23PyYAML==3.10SQLAlchemy==0.9.7Twisted==14.0.2WebOb==1.4Werkzeug==0.9.6alembic==0.6.5configobj==5.0.6croniter==0.3.3cssselect==0.9.1daemonize==2.3.1dagobah==0.2.3distribute==0.6.49django-filter==0.7django-tagging==0.3.1lxml==3.3.5micawber==0.3.0paramiko==1.11.0peewee==2.2.5premailer==1.13pycrypto==2.6.1pysqlite==2.6.3python-dateutil==2.2python-memcached==1.53txAMQP==0.6.2uWSGI==2.0.7virtualenv==1.11.6whisper==0.9.12wsgiref==0.1.2zope.interface==4.1.1
开始安装
安装 yum EPEL 源
wget "http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm"rpm -Uvh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
安装依赖包
yum install gcc bitmap bitmap-fonts zope
yum install openldap openldap24-libs openldap-clients openldap-devel openssl-devel
pip install pyOpenSSL python-memcached pycrypto python-ldap pysqlite uwsgi nginx
注:因为我这个目前是测试,所以 nginx 就直接 yum 安装了,版本比较低,只有 0.8,如果是生产,建议源码安装最新的稳定版本。
pip install django==1.4
安装 django-tagging ,默认的
pip install tagging
的这个不行,版本是 0.2.1 ,会报错。pip install django-tagging==0.3.1 或 pip install tagging==0.3.1
如果上面这个方法无法安装
django-tagging=0.3.1
那就用源码安装的方法。wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/django-tagging/django-tagging-0.3.1.tar.gz --no-check-certificatetar -zxvf django-tagging-0.3.1.tar.gz cd django-tagging-0.3.1python setup.py install
安装 pycairo
开始好几次就死在安装 pycairo 这个上面,python 2.7 版本的通过
pip install pycairo
命令安装的不行,对应 python 2.7 版本的 pycairo 包的名字叫做py2cairo
。安装 py2cairo 包的方法如下:
1)下载 py2cairo 包:
wget http://www.cairographics.org/releases/py2cairo-1.10.0.tar.bz2tar -xvf py2cairo-1.10.0.tar.bz2
如果上面的版本不行就用下面的方式获取源码包:
git clone git://git.cairographics.org/git/py2cairo
要安装 py2cairo 必须要 cairo 包,而且这个包的版本有规定,我这边下载的是 cairo-1.12.2。
wget http://cairographics.org/releases/cairo-1.12.2.tar.xz
cairo 依赖
libpng
和pixman
,所以需要安装这两个yum -y install libpng* pixman*
注,有可能这样安装的 pixman 的版本不对,需要需要源码安装
源码安装 pixman:
wget http://cairographics.org/releases/pixman-0.22.0.tar.gztar -zxvf pixman-0.22.0.tar.gz./configure --prefix=/usr/localmake && make install
注:这里 pixman 的安装必需要加个
prefix=/usr/local
,不然的话,cairo 会找不到再次表示蛋疼。安装 cairo 的正确姿势:
tar -zxvf cairo-1.12.2.tar.xzcd cairo-1.12.2./configuremake && make install
安装 py2cairo 的正确姿势:
安装的时候需要明确下 pkgconfig 的位置和 Python 的包路径:
cd py2cairoexport PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig:$PKG_CONFIG_PATHPYTHONPATH="/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/:$PYTHONPATH"CFLAGS="-l/usr/local/include/python2.7 -l/usr/local/bin" LDFLAGS="-lm -ldl -lutil" ./waf configure./waf build./waf install
经历九九八十一难,终于安装完成。
注:真的是最麻烦的就是 py2cairo 这个家伙,开始折腾了我一天没有安装好,没有安装好就无法出图。。。
安装 Graphite 三大件
pip install whisper carbon graphite-web
安装数据采集工具 Diamond
git clone https://github.com/BrightcoveOS/Diamondcd Diamond
修改 Diamond 的配置文件:
cd Diamondcp conf/diamond.conf.example conf/diamond.conf
diamond.conf
配置文件如下:##Diamond Configuration File### Options for the server[server]# Handlers for published metrics.handlers = diamond.handler.graphite.GraphiteHandler, diamond.handler.archive.ArchiveHandler# User diamond will run as# Leave empty to use the current useruser =# Group diamond will run as# Leave empty to use the current groupgroup =# Pid filepid_file = /var/run/diamond.pid# Directory to load collector modules from# 这个和你的 Diamond 安装路径有关collectors_path = /root/Diamond/src/collectors/# Directory to load collector configs from# 这个和你的 Diamond 安装路径有关collectors_config_path = /root/Diamond/src/collectors/# Directory to load handler configs from# 这个和你的 Diamond 安装路径有关handlers_config_path = /root/Diamond/src/diamond/handlerhandlers_path = /root/Diamond/src/diamond/handler# Interval to reload collectorscollectors_reload_interval = 3600### Options for handlers[handlers]# daemon logging handler(s)keys = rotated_file### Defaults options for all Handlers[[default]][[ArchiveHandler]]# File to write archive log files#需要创建 /var/log/diamond/ 目录log_file = /var/log/diamond/archive.log# Number of days to keep archive log filesdays = 7[[GraphiteHandler]]### Options for GraphiteHandler# Graphite server hosthost = 127.0.0.1# Port to send metrics toport = 2003# Socket timeout (seconds)timeout = 15# Batch size for metricsbatch = 1[[GraphitePickleHandler]]## Options for GraphitePickleHandler# Graphite server hosthost = 127.0.0.1# Port to send metrics toport = 2004# Socket timeout (seconds)timeout = 15# Batch size for pickled metricsbatch = 256[[MySQLHandler]]### Options for MySQLHandler# MySQL Connection Infohostname = 127.0.0.1port = 3306username = rootpassword =database = diamondtable = metrics# INT UNSIGNED NOT NULLcol_time = timestamp# VARCHAR(255) NOT NULLcol_metric = metric# VARCHAR(255) NOT NULLcol_value = value[[StatsdHandler]]host = 127.0.0.1port = 8125[[TSDBHandler]]host = 127.0.0.1port = 4242timeout = 15[[LibratoHandler]]user = user@example.comapikey = abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz01[[HostedGraphiteHandler]]apikey = abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz01timeout = 15batch = 1# And any other config settings from GraphiteHandler are valid here[[HttpPostHandler]]### Urp to post the metricsurl = http://localhost:8888/### Metrics batch sizebatch = 100### Options for collectors[collectors][[default]]### Defaults options for all Collectors# Uncomment and set to hardcode a hostname for the collector path# Keep in mind, periods are seperators in graphite# hostname = my_custom_hostname# If you prefer to just use a different way of calculating the hostname# Uncomment and set this to one of these values:# smart = Default. Tries fqdn_short. If that'slocalhost, uses hostname_short# fqdn_short = Default. Similar to hostname -s# fqdn = hostname output# fqdn_rev = hostname in reverse (com.example.www)# uname_short = Similar to uname -n, but only the first part# uname_rev = uname -r in reverse (com.example.www)# hostname_short = `hostname -s`# hostname = `hostname`# hostname_rev = `hostname` in reverse (com.example.www)# shell = Run the string set in hostname as a shell command and use its# output(with spaces trimmed off from both ends) as the hostname.# hostname_method = smart# Path Prefix and Suffix# you can use one or both to craft the path where you want to put metrics# such as: %(path_prefix)s.$(hostname)s.$(path_suffix)s.$(metric)s# path_prefix = servers# path_suffix =# Path Prefix for Virtual Machines# If the host supports virtual machines, collectors may report per# VM metrics. Following OpenStack nomenclature, the prefix for# reporting per VM metrics is "instances", and metric foo for VM# bar will be reported as: instances.bar.foo...# instance_prefix = instances# Default Poll Interval (seconds)# interval = 300### Options for logging# for more information on file format syntax:# http://docs.python.org/library/logging.config.html#configuration-file-format[loggers]keys = root# handlers are higher in this config file, in:# [handlers]# keys = ...[formatters]keys = default[logger_root]# to increase verbosity, set DEBUGlevel = INFOhandlers = rotated_filepropagate = 1[handler_rotated_file]class = handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandlerlevel = DEBUGformatter = default# rotate at midnight, each day and keep 7 daysargs = ('/var/log/diamond/diamond.log', 'midnight', 1, 7)[formatter_default]format = [%(asctime)s] [%(threadName)s] %(message)sdatefmt =### Options for config merging# [configs]# path = "/etc/diamond/configs/"# extension = ".conf"#Example:# /etc/diamond/configs/net.conf# [collectors]## [[NetworkCollector]]# enabled = True
启动 Diamond:
python diamond -c ../conf/diamond.conf
启动 Grapgite 三大件
初始化 Graphite 数据库:
cd /opt/graphite/webapp/graphitemv local_settings.py.example local_settings.py
修改 local_settings.py 里面的数据库配置,把下面一段的注释取消:
DATABASES = { 'default': { 'NAME': '/opt/graphite/storage/graphite.db', 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'USER': 'root', 'PASSWORD': '123456', 'HOST': '', 'PORT': '' }}
初始化 Graphite 数据库:
python manage.py syncdb
注:在这个初始化的过程中就可能遇到的错误是 tagging 版本太低,或者是 django 的版本问题,所以才有前面的 django 的版本必须为 1.4,tagging 的版本必须为 0.3.1
启动 carbon-cache:
cd /opt/graphite/bin./carbon-cache.py start
注:这个在启动过程中,可能遇到如下错误:
from carbon.util import run_twistd_pluginFile “/opt/graphite/lib/carbon/util.py”, line 19, in <module>from twisted.scripts._twistd_unix import daemonizeImportError: cannot import name daemonize
解决方法是修改 /opt/graphite/lib/carbon/util.py
文件,把其 from twisted.scripts._twistd_unix import daemonize
替换成 import daemonize
注:需要安装 daemonize,
pip install daemonize
然后再次启动即可
启动 graphite,使用 wsgi 启动,在 /opt/graphite/webapp
下新建一个文件 wsgi.py
和一个配置文件 django.xml
:
wsgi.py
import os,sysif not os.path.dirname(__file__) in sys.path[:1]: sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(__file__))os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'settings'from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandlerapplication = WSGIHandler()
django.xml
<uwsgi> <socket>ip:port</socket> <chdir>/opt/graphite/webapp/graphite</chdir> <pythonpath>..</pythonpath> <module>wsgi</module></uwsgi>
启动:
uwsgi -x django.xml
现在可以愉快的访问了 http://ip:port
建议:不作死就不会死,要安装这个还是不要用 CentOS 5.8 了,太痛苦。。使用 Python 的 virtualenv 环境也会遇到很多问题。
比如使用 virtualenv 最新版本的时候,会遇到这个错误:
OSError: Command /Users/bgbb/Developer/django/vnv/bin/python -c "import sys, pip; sys...d\"] + sys.argv[1:]))" setuptools pip failed with error code 2
解决办法是降级到 virtualenv 1.10.1 版本:
pip uninstall virtualenv wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/v/virtualenv/virtualenv-1.10.1.tar.gz --no-check-certificate python setup.py install
如果大家安装过程中遇到问题,欢迎交流!
注:该安装方法适用于 CentOS 5.8,其他的版本应该不会遇到我这么多问题。
参考资料
- http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-28769783-id-3652037.html
- http://www.dongwm.com/archives/shi-yong-grafanahe-diamondgou-jian-graphitejian-kong-xi-tong/
- http://www.linuxsysadmintutorials.com/install-graphite-on-a-centosrhel-server
- http://blog.csdn.net/crazyhacking/article/details/8464235
- http://viewsby.wordpress.com/2014/05/13/carbon-cache-py-cannot-import-name-daemonize
- http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-enable-epel-repository-for-rhel-centos-6-5/
- http://graphite.wikidot.com/
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