[Discovery]初识Windows通用应用（UWP App） - HelloWorld

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初识Windows通用应用（UWP App） - HelloWorld

自从Windows 10第一预览版泄露以来，对UWP一直颇感神秘，今天闲下来有空搞了搞。

项目结构：

创建项目：

首先创建一个空白的Windows通用应用。

然后再解决方案中会生成一大堆的文件，其中要注意一下MainPage.xml，它是用来定义界面的，其根元素为Page，自定义的界面代码在Grid元素中编写。

详细转到此网址：Create a "Hello, world" app (XAML)

废话不多说，贴代码：

MainPage.xaml文件：

<Page    x:Class="UWPDemo1.MainPage"    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"    xmlns:local="using:UWPDemo1"    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"    mc:Ignorable="d">    <Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}">        <VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>            <VisualStateGroup>                <!--表示大于641 pixel显示的样式-->                <VisualState x:Name="wideState">                    <VisualState.StateTriggers>                        <!--规定最小的宽度为641 pixel-->                        <AdaptiveTrigger MinWindowWidth="641"/>                    </VisualState.StateTriggers>                    <VisualState.Setters>                        <Setter Target="submitBtn.HorizontalAlignment" Value="Right" />                        <Setter Target="submitBtn.Margin" Value="300,50,100,0" />                    </VisualState.Setters>                </VisualState>                <!--表示在0 pixel到641 pixel之间显示的样式-->                <VisualState x:Name="narrowState">                    <VisualState.StateTriggers>                        <!--规定最小宽度为0 pixel，因为上面已定义一个比当前宽度大的pixel，所以会在这个区间内（0~641）显示-->                        <AdaptiveTrigger MinWindowWidth="0" />                    </VisualState.StateTriggers>                                        <!--设置元素的位置和属性-->                    <VisualState.Setters>                        <!--定位contentArea-->                        <Setter Target="contentArea.Orientation" Value="Vertical" />                        <!--设定按钮的外边距（Margin：左、上、右、下）-->                        <Setter Target="submitBtn.Margin" Value="150,50,150,0" />                        <!--设定文本框的外边距（Margin：左、上、右、下）-->                        <Setter Target="inputUserName.HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left" />                        <Setter Target="resultArea.Margin" Value="0,0,0,80" />                    </VisualState.Setters>                </VisualState>            </VisualStateGroup>        </VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>                <StackPanel Margin="8,32,0,0">            <TextBlock Text="Hello World" Margin="0,0,0,40" FontSize="29.333" />            <TextBlock Text="你叫什么名字？"/>            <StackPanel Margin="0,20,0,20" x:Name="contentArea">                <TextBox x:Name="inputUserName" Margin="10,0" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Width="228" />                <Button x:Name="submitBtn" Content="确认" Click="submitBtn_Click" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" Margin="125,100,125,0" />            </StackPanel>            <TextBlock x:Name="resultArea"/>        </StackPanel>    </Grid></Page>

对于不同窗口的自适应缩放，官方文档说的很清楚，也是UWP App的核心之一，通过添加一个VisualStateManager来规定当窗口的Size处于哪一范围内时应用什么样式，样式通过其内VisualState的Setter元素来设定。

MainPage.xaml.cs文件：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.IO;using System.Linq;using System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime;using UWPDemo1.DDL;using Windows.Foundation;using Windows.Foundation.Collections;using Windows.UI.Xaml;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls.Primitives;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Data;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Input;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;//“空白页”项模板在 http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=402352&clcid=0x409 上有介绍namespace UWPDemo1{    /// <summary>    /// 可用于自身或导航至 Frame 内部的空白页。    /// </summary>    public sealed partial class MainPage : Page    {        public MainPage()        {            this.InitializeComponent();        }        private async void submitBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            //创建一个消息框            var dialog = new ContentDialog(){ Title="消息提示",Content="您的姓名是："+this.inputUserName.Text+"。",PrimaryButtonText="确定",SecondaryButtonText="取消",FullSizeDesired=false};            this.resultArea.Text = "您的姓名是"+this.inputUserName.Text + "。";            dialog.PrimaryButtonClick += Dialog_PrimaryButtonClick;            dialog.SecondaryButtonClick += Dialog_SecondaryButtonClick;            //异步等待用户操作的方式显示信息框            await dialog.ShowAsync();        }        private BusinessService service = new BusinessService();        private void Dialog_SecondaryButtonClick(ContentDialog sender, ContentDialogButtonClickEventArgs args)        {            this.resultArea.Text = service.CheckResult(this.inputUserName.Text);        }        private  void Dialog_PrimaryButtonClick(ContentDialog sender, ContentDialogButtonClickEventArgs args)        {            this.resultArea.Text = service.CheckResult(this.inputUserName.Text);        }    }}

BusinessService类：

using SQLitePCL;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace UWPDemo1.DDL{    public class BusinessService    {        public String CheckResult(String name)        {            if (name.Length == 0)            {                return "非常抱歉！您的姓名在尝试确认操作时失败！\n您的姓名确认失败。";            }            else            {                SQLiteConnection _connection = new SQLiteConnection(DB_NAME);                using (var statement = _connection.Prepare(SQL_CREATE_TABLE))                {                    statement.Step();                }                using (var statement = _connection.Prepare(SQL_INSERT))                {                    statement.Bind(1, name);                    statement.Bind(2, "我叫" + name);                    statement.Step();                }                String content = string.Empty;                using (var statement = _connection.Prepare(SQL_QUERY_VALUE))                {                    statement.Bind(1,"Steve Jrong");                    SQLiteResult result = statement.Step();                    if (SQLiteResult.ROW == result)                    {                        content = statement[0] as String;                    }                }                return "恭喜！您的姓名已确认！\n您的姓名为：" + name + "。\n内容为："+content;            }        }        private static String DB_NAME = "SQLiteSample.db";        private static String TABLE_NAME = "SampleTable";        private static String SQL_CREATE_TABLE = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS " + TABLE_NAME + " (Key TEXT,Value TEXT);";        private static String SQL_QUERY_VALUE = "SELECT Value FROM " + TABLE_NAME + " WHERE Key = (?);";        private static String SQL_INSERT = "INSERT INTO " + TABLE_NAME + " VALUES(?,?);";        private static String SQL_UPDATE = "UPDATE " + TABLE_NAME + " SET Value = ? WHERE Key = ?";        private static String SQL_DELETE = "DELETE FROM " + TABLE_NAME + " WHERE Key = ?";    }}

这里还使用了SQLite嵌入式数据库进行增加和查询操作，具体引用步骤如下：

下载对应平台的SQLite组件，这里因为是UWP Platform，所以文件是sqlite-uap-3090200.vsix；

下载完成后双击安装，之后重启Visual Studio；

在项目中引用SQLite组件；

项目右键点击“管理NuGet程序包”，在弹出的窗口中搜索“SQLitePCL”并安装，此时项目中会多出SQLitePCL的引用。

此时SQLite的环境就配置完毕了。

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