Android基础入门教程——10.5 AlarmManager(闹钟服务)

来源:互联网 发布:软件开发初中生能学吗 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/10 06:55

节引言:

本节带来的Android中的AlarmManager(闹钟服务),听名字我们知道可以通过它开发手机闹钟类的APP, 
而在文档中的解释是:在特定的时刻为我们广播一个指定的Intent,简单说就是我们自己定一个时间, 
然后当到时间时,AlarmManager会为我们广播一个我们设定好的Intent,比如时间到了,可以指向某个 
Activity或者Service!另外官方文档中有一些要注意的地方:

另外要注意一点的是,AlarmManager主要是用来在某个时刻运行你的代码的,即时你的APP在那个特定 
时间并没有运行!还有,从API 19开始,Alarm的机制都是非准确传递的,操作系统将会转换闹钟 
,来最小化唤醒和电池的使用!某些新的API会支持严格准确的传递,见 
setWindow(int, long, long, PendingIntent)和setExact(int, long, PendingIntent)。 
targetSdkVersion在API 19之前应用仍将继续使用以前的行为,所有的闹钟在要求准确传递的情况 
下都会准确传递。更多详情可见官方API文档:AlarmManager


1.Timer类与AlarmManager类区别:

如果你学过J2SE的话,那么你对Timer肯定不会陌生,定时器嘛,一般写定时任务的时候 
肯定离不开他,但是在Android里,他却有个短板,不太适合那些需要长时间在后台运行的 
定时任务,因为Android设备有自己的休眠策略,当长时间的无操作,设备会自动让CPU进入 
休眠状态,这样就可能导致Timer中的定时任务无法正常运行!而AlarmManager则不存在 
这种情况,因为他具有唤醒CPU的功能,可以保证每次需要执行特定任务时CPU都能正常工作, 
或者说当CPU处于休眠时注册的闹钟会被保留(可以唤醒CPU),但如果设备被关闭,或者重新 
启动的话,闹钟将被清除!(Android手机关机闹钟不响…)


2.获得AlarmManager实例对象:

<code class="language-Java hljs fix has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">AlarmManager alarmManager </span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"> (AlarmManager) getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

3.相关方法讲解:

  • set(int type,long startTime,PendingIntent pi):一次性闹钟
  • setRepeating(int type,long startTime,long intervalTime,PendingIntent pi): 
    重复性闹钟,和3有区别,3闹钟间隔时间不固定
  • setInexactRepeating(int type,long startTime,long intervalTime,PendingIntent pi): 
    重复性闹钟,时间不固定
  • cancel(PendingIntent pi):取消AlarmManager的定时服务
  • getNextAlarmClock():得到下一个闹钟,返回值AlarmManager.AlarmClockInfo
  • setAndAllowWhileIdle(int type, long triggerAtMillis, PendingIntent operation) 
    和set方法类似,这个闹钟运行在系统处于低电模式时有效
  • setExact(int type, long triggerAtMillis, PendingIntent operation): 
    在规定的时间精确的执行闹钟,比set方法设置的精度更高
  • setTime(long millis):设置系统墙上的时间
  • setTimeZone(String timeZone):设置系统持续的默认时区
  • setWindow(int type, long windowStartMillis, long windowLengthMillis, PendingIntent operation): 
    设置一个闹钟在给定的时间窗触发。类似于set,该方法允许应用程序精确地控制操作系统调 
    整闹钟触发时间的程度。

关键参数讲解

  • Type(闹钟类型): 
    有五个可选值: 
    AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME
    闹钟在手机睡眠状态下不可用,该状态下闹钟使用相对时间(相对于系统启动开始),状态值为3; 
    AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP 
    闹钟在睡眠状态下会唤醒系统并执行提示功能,该状态下闹钟也使用相对时间,状态值为2; 
    AlarmManager.RTC 
    闹钟在睡眠状态下不可用,该状态下闹钟使用绝对时间,即当前系统时间,状态值为1; 
    AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP 
    表示闹钟在睡眠状态下会唤醒系统并执行提示功能,该状态下闹钟使用绝对时间,状态值为0; 
    AlarmManager.POWER_OFF_WAKEUP 
    表示闹钟在手机关机状态下也能正常进行提示功能,所以是5个状态中用的最多的状态之一,该状态下闹钟也是用绝对时间,状态值为4;不过本状态好像受SDK版本影响,某些版本并不支持;
  • startTime:闹钟的第一次执行时间,以毫秒为单位,可以自定义时间,不过一般使用当前时间。 
    需要注意的是,本属性与第一个属性(type)密切相关,如果第一个参数对应的闹钟使用的是相对时间 
    (ELAPSED_REALTIME和ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP),那么本属性就得使用相对时间 
    (相对于系统启动时间来说),比如当前时间就表示为:SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(); 
    如果第一个参数对应的闹钟使用的是绝对时间(RTC、RTC_WAKEUP、POWER_OFF_WAKEUP), 
    那么本属性就得使用绝对时间,比如当前时间就表示 为:System.currentTimeMillis()。
  • intervalTime:表示两次闹钟执行的间隔时间,也是以毫秒为单位.
  • PendingIntent:绑定了闹钟的执行动作,比如发送一个广播、给出提示等等。 
    PendingIntent是Intent的封装类。需要注意的是,如果是通过启动服务来实现闹钟提 示的话,PendingIntent对象的获取就应该采用Pending.getService 
    (Context c,int i,Intent intent,int j)方法;如果是通过广播来实现闹钟 
    提示的话,PendingIntent对象的获取就应该采用 PendingIntent.getBroadcast 
    (Context c,int i,Intent intent,int j)方法;如果是采用Activity的方式来实 
    现闹钟提示的话,PendingIntent对象的获取就应该采用 
    PendingIntent.getActivity(Context c,int i,Intent intent,int j)方法。 
    如果这三种方法错用了的话,虽然不会报错,但是看不到闹钟提示效果。

4.使用示例:一个简单的定时任务

要说的是,此例子只在Android 4.4以下的系统可行,5.0以上并不可行,后续如果有5.0 
以上AlarmManager的解决方案,到时再补上!另外,这里用set方法可能有点不准,如果要 
更精确的话可以使用setExtra()方法来设置AlarmManager!

运行效果图

 

实现代码

首先一个简单的布局文件:activity_main.xml,另外在res创建一个raw文件夹,把音频文件丢进去! 
另外创建一个只有外层布局的activity_clock.xml作为闹钟响时Activity的布局!没东西,就不贴了

<code class="language-XML hljs applescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><LinearLayout xmlns:android=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>    android:<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">id</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@+id/LinearLayout1"</span>    android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"match_parent"</span>    android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"match_parent"</span>    android:orientation=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"vertical"</span>>    <Button        android:<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">id</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@+id/btn_set"</span>        android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span>        android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span>        android:<span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">text</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"设置闹钟"</span> />    <Button        android:<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">id</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@+id/btn_cancel"</span>        android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span>        android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span>        android:<span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">text</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"关闭闹钟"</span>        android:visibility=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"gone"</span> /></LinearLayout></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li></ul>

接着是MainActivity.java,也很简单:

<code class="language-Java hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">MainActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AppCompatActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">View</span>.<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">OnClickListener</span>{</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Button btn_set;    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Button btn_cancel;    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> AlarmManager alarmManager;    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> PendingIntent pi;    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        bindViews();    }    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">bindViews</span>() {        btn_set = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_set);        btn_cancel = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_cancel);        alarmManager = (AlarmManager) getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);        Intent intent = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Intent(MainActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, ClockActivity.class);        pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, intent, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);        btn_set.setOnClickListener(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>);        btn_cancel.setOnClickListener(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>);    }    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(View v) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (v.getId()){            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> R.id.btn_set:                Calendar currentTime = Calendar.getInstance();                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TimePickerDialog(MainActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener() {                            <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>                            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onTimeSet</span>(TimePicker view,                                                  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> hourOfDay, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> minute) {                                <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//设置当前时间</span>                                Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();                                c.setTimeInMillis(System.currentTimeMillis());                                <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 根据用户选择的时间来设置Calendar对象</span>                                c.set(Calendar.HOUR, hourOfDay);                                c.set(Calendar.MINUTE, minute);                                <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// ②设置AlarmManager在Calendar对应的时间启动Activity</span>                                alarmManager.set(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, c.getTimeInMillis(), pi);                                Log.e(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"HEHE"</span>,c.getTimeInMillis()+<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">""</span>);   <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//这里的时间是一个unix时间戳</span>                                <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 提示闹钟设置完毕:</span>                                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"闹钟设置完毕~"</span>+ c.getTimeInMillis(),                                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                            }                        }, currentTime.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY), currentTime                        .get(Calendar.MINUTE), <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>).show();                btn_cancel.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> R.id.btn_cancel:                alarmManager.cancel(pi);                btn_cancel.setVisibility(View.GONE);                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"闹钟已取消"</span>, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)                        .show();                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;        }    }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li></ul>

然后是闹铃页面的ClockActivity.java

<code class="language-Java hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Created by Jay on 2015/10/25 0025. */</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ClockActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AppCompatActivity</span> {</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_clock);        mediaPlayer = mediaPlayer.create(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>,R.raw.pig);        mediaPlayer.start();        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//创建一个闹钟提醒的对话框,点击确定关闭铃声与页面</span>        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> AlertDialog.Builder(ClockActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>).setTitle(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"闹钟"</span>).setMessage(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"小猪小猪快起床~"</span>)                .setPositiveButton(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"关闭闹铃"</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(DialogInterface dialog, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> which) {                        mediaPlayer.stop();                        ClockActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>.finish();                    }                }).show();    }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul>

代码非常简单,核心流程如下:

  • AlarmManager alarmManager = (AlarmManager) getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE); 
    获得系统提供的AlarmManager服务的对象
  • Intent设置要启动的组件
    Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ClockActivity.class);
  • PendingIntent对象设置动作,启动的是Activity还是Service,又或者是广播! 
    PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
  • 调用AlarmManager的set( )方法设置单次闹钟的闹钟类型,启动时间以及PendingIntent对象! 
    alarmManager.set(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP,c.getTimeInMillis(), pi);

另外假如出现闹铃无效的话,你可以从这些方面入手:

1.系统版本或者手机,5.0以上基本没戏,小米,自行百度吧~ 
2.ClockActivity有注册没? 
3.假如你用的是alarmManager发送广播,广播再激活Activity的话,则需要为Intent设置一个flag: 
i.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
4.  
这些地方没写错吧~别把getActivity写成了getService等哦~

另外,关于AlarmManager结合后来Service实现定时后台任务的例子,可见: 
Android基础入门教程——4.2.2 Service进阶


5.代码示例下载:

AlarmManagerDemo.zip


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