LaTeX 表格

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文章链接： http://blog.csdn.net/yhl_leo/article/details/50066137

一些LaTeX中表格的使用方法如下：

1.table

\documentclass{article}\begin{document}    \begin{table}[h]\centering\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|}\hlineSetting&\multicolumn{2}{c|}{A4 size paper}\\\hline&mm&inches\\Top&25&1.0\\Bottom&25&1.0\\Left&20&0.8\\Right&20&0.8\\Column Width&82&3.2\\Column Spacing&6&0.25\\\hline\end{tabular}\caption{Margin settings for A4 size paper}\label{tab:Margin_settings}\end{table}\end{document}

2.tabular

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline 2&9&4\\\hline 7&5&3\\\hline 6&1&8\\\hline\end{tabular}

例子里面的|c|这样的，那个地方叫做导言区，来约定表格的每列属性的：

lleft-justified columnccentered columnrright-justified columnbbottomccenter (default)ttopp{'width'}paragraph column with text vertically aligned at the topm{'width'}paragraph column with text vertically aligned in the middle (requires array package) b{'width'}paragraph column with text vertically aligned at the bottom (requires array package)|vertical line||double vertical line

另外，还有一些常用的命令：

&column separator\\start new row (additional space may be specified after \\ using square brackets, such as \\[6pt]\hlinehorizontal line\newlinestart a new line within a cell (in a paragraph column)\tabularnewlinestart a new line within a cell (in a paragraph column) instead of \\ to avoid a Misplaced \noalign error in the tabular\cline{i-j}partial horizontal line beginning in column i and ending in column j

除了最简单的用例外，还可以这样：

% example 1:\begin{center}\begin{tabular}{ | l || c || r }\hline1 & 2 & 3 \\ \hline4 & 5 & 6 \\ \hline \hline7 & 8 & 9 \\\hline\end{tabular}\end{center}

example 1

% example 2:%\multicolumn{n}{format}{item}\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline \multicolumn{3}{|c|}{?}\\\hline 7&5&3\\\hline 6&1&8\\\hline\end{tabular}

example 2

% example 3:\begin{tabular}{|r|l|}\hline7C0 & hexadecimal \\3700 & octal \\ \cline{2-2}11111000000 & binary \\\hline \hline1984 & decimal \\\hline\end{tabular}

example 3

在array环境中（使用时需要包含：\usepackage{array}），重新实现了tabular环境，加了不少新选项进去：

对于tabular的第一个例子略作修改，可以发现在不含有array包和含有时效果是不一样的：

% example 1:%\usepackage{array}\tabcolsep20pt\arrayrulewidth2pt\begin{tabular}{*{3}{|c}|}%\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline 2&9&4\\\hline 7&5&3\\\hline 6&1&8\\\hline\end{tabular}% example 2:...\usepackage{array}...\tabcolsep20pt\arrayrulewidth2pt\begin{tabular}{*{3}{|c}|}%\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline 2&9&4\\\hline 7&5&3\\\hline 6&1&8\\\hline\end{tabular}

example 1

example 2

对于表格内有长文本时，直接排下来不但很难看而且很容超出页面的范围，可以这么做：

Without specifying width for last column:\begin{center}    \begin{tabular}{| l | l | l | l |}    \hline    Day & Min Temp & Max Temp & Summary \\ \hline    Monday & 11C & 22C & A clear day with lots of sunshine.    However, the strong breeze will bring down the temperatures. \\ \hline    Tuesday & 9C & 19C & Cloudy with rain, across many northern regions. Clear spells     across most of Scotland and Northern Ireland,     but rain reaching the far northwest. \\ \hline    Wednesday & 10C & 21C & Rain will still linger for the morning.     Conditions will improve by early afternoon and continue     throughout the evening. \\    \hline    \end{tabular}\end{center}With width specified:\begin{center}    \begin{tabular}{ | l | l | l | p{5cm} |}    \hline    Day & Min Temp & Max Temp & Summary \\ \hline    Monday & 11C & 22C & A clear day with lots of sunshine.      However, the strong breeze will bring down the temperatures. \\ \hline    Tuesday & 9C & 19C & Cloudy with rain, across many northern regions. Clear spells     across most of Scotland and Northern Ireland,     but rain reaching the far northwest. \\ \hline    Wednesday & 10C & 21C & Rain will still linger for the morning.     Conditions will improve by early afternoon and continue     throughout the evening. \\    \hline    \end{tabular}\end{center}

另外使用宏包tabulary也可以实现：

\usepackage{tabulary}...\begin{center}  \begin{tabulary}{0.7\textwidth}{LCL}    Short sentences      & \#  & Long sentences                                                 \\    \hline    This is short.       & 173 & This is much loooooooonger, because there are many more words.  \\    This is not shorter. & 317 & This is still loooooooonger, because there are many more words. \\  \end{tabulary}  \end{center}

其中的对齐方式除了L,C外，还有R,J。

让我们看下\parbox的用法，如果我们想把文段分割成为表的形式：

\begin{tabular}{cc}  boring cell content & \parbox[t]{5cm}{rather long par\\new par}\end{tabular}

调整行列间距可以使用命令：

\setlength{\tabcolsep}{5pt} %colums, default value is 6pt\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5} %rows, default value is 1.0

另外一种方式是在\hline和cline{i-j}后添加\noalign{\smallskip}，例如：

\begin{center}    \begin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }\hline\multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \\\cline{1-2}Animal & Description & Price (\$) \\\hlineGnat  & per gram & 13.65 \\& each     &  0.01 \\Gnu   & stuffed  & 92.50 \\Emu   & stuffed  & 33.33 \\Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \\\hline\end{tabular}    example 1    $ $    \setlength{\tabcolsep}{4pt}    \begin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }\hline\multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \\\cline{1-2}Animal & Description & Price (\$) \\\hlineGnat  & per gram & 13.65 \\& each     &  0.01 \\Gnu   & stuffed  & 92.50 \\Emu   & stuffed  & 33.33 \\Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \\\hline\end{tabular}    example 2    $ $    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}    \begin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }\hline\multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \\\cline{1-2}Animal & Description & Price (\$) \\\hlineGnat  & per gram & 13.65 \\& each     &  0.01 \\Gnu   & stuffed  & 92.50 \\Emu   & stuffed  & 33.33 \\Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \\\hline\end{tabular}    example 3    $ $    \setlength{\tabcolsep}{6pt}    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.0}    \begin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }\hline\noalign{\smallskip}\multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \\\cline{1-2}\noalign{\smallskip}Animal & Description & Price (\$) \\\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}Gnat  & per gram & 13.65 \\& each     &  0.01 \\Gnu   & stuffed  & 92.50 \\Emu   & stuffed  & 33.33 \\Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \\\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\end{tabular}    example 4\end{center}

其他用法如在某一行后空出一定间距：

\begin{tabular}{ll}\hlineMineral & Color \\[0.5cm]Ruby & red \\Sapphire & blue \\\hline\end{tabular}

一些LaTeX的环境也可以插入表格中：

\begin{tabular}{m{5cm} c} % here the m can be replaced by p or b.\\ \hline\begin{verbatim}I love coding\end{verbatim}& LaTeX\\ \hline\end{tabular}

使用列规格设置命令：>{\cmd} and <{\cmd}，如设置表格中的字符都是数学手写字体：

...\usepackage{array}...\newcolumntype{F}{>{$}c<{$}}\begin{tabular}{FFF}\alpha & \beta    & \gamma   \\\delta & \epsilon & \upsilon \\\sigma & \tau     & \phi     \\\end{tabular}

@-expressions的用法：

\begin{tabular}{|@{}l|l@{}|}  \hline  stuff & stuff \\ \hline  stuff & stuff \\  \hline\end{tabular}\begin{tabular}{r@{.}l}  3   & 14159 \\  16  & 2     \\  123 & 456   \\\end{tabular}

行的特别设置，给出几个例子：

\begin{tabular}{ |l|l| }  \hline  \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Team sheet} \\  \hline  GK & Paul Robinson \\  LB & Lucas Radebe \\  DC & Michael Duberry \\  DC & Dominic Matteo \\  RB & Dider Domi \\  MC & David Batty \\  MC & Eirik Bakke \\  MC & Jody Morris \\  FW & Jamie McMaster \\  ST & Alan Smith \\  ST & Mark Viduka \\  \hline\end{tabular}

...\usepackage{multirow}...\begin{tabular}{ |l|l|l| }\hline\multicolumn{3}{ |c| }{Team sheet} \\\hlineGoalkeeper & GK & Paul Robinson \\ \hline\multirow{4}{*}{Defenders} & LB & Lucas Radebe \\ & DC & Michael Duburry \\ & DC & Dominic Matteo \\ & RB & Didier Domi \\ \hline\multirow{3}{*}{Midfielders} & MC & David Batty \\ & MC & Eirik Bakke \\ & MC & Jody Morris \\ \hlineForward & FW & Jamie McMaster \\ \hline\multirow{2}{*}{Strikers} & ST & Alan Smith \\ & ST & Mark Viduka \\\hline\end{tabular}

...\usepackage{multirow}...\begin{tabular}{cc|c|c|c|c|l}\cline{3-6}& & \multicolumn{4}{ c| }{Primes} \\ \cline{3-6}& & 2 & 3 & 5 & 7 \\ \cline{1-6}\multicolumn{1}{ |c  }{\multirow{2}{*}{Powers} } &\multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{504} & 3 & 2 & 0 & 1 &     \\ \cline{2-6}\multicolumn{1}{ |c  }{}                        &\multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{540} & 2 & 3 & 1 & 0 &     \\ \cline{1-6}\multicolumn{1}{ |c  }{\multirow{2}{*}{Powers} } &\multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{gcd} & 2 & 2 & 0 & 0 & min \\ \cline{2-6}\multicolumn{1}{ |c  }{}                        &\multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{lcm} & 3 & 3 & 1 & 1 & max \\ \cline{1-6}\end{tabular}

\begin{tabular}{ r|c|c| }\multicolumn{1}{r}{} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{noninteractive} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{interactive} \\\cline{2-3}massively multiple & Library & University \\\cline{2-3}one-to-one & Book & Tutor \\\cline{2-3}\end{tabular}

3.booktabs

即三线表：

\usepackage{booktabs}\begin{tabular}{ccc}\toprule2&9&4\\\midrule7&5&3\\6&1&8\\\bottomrule\end{tabular}

4.colortbl

常用的表格填色colortbl包：

% example 1:\usepackage{colortbl}\begin{tabular}{ccc}\rowcolor[gray]{.9}2&9&4\\\rowcolor[gray]{.8}7&5&3\\\rowcolor[gray]{.7}6&1&8\\\end{tabular}

example 1

% example 2:\begin{tabular}{>{\columncolor[gray]{.9}}c|>{\columncolor[gray]{.8}}c|>{\columncolor[gray]{.7}}c}2&9&4\\7&5&3\\6&1&8\\\end{tabular}

example 2

%example 3:\begin{tabular}{ccc}\cellcolor[rgb]{.9,.9,.9}2&\cellcolor[rgb]{.8,.9,.9}9&\cellcolor[rgb]{.7,.9,.9}4\\\cellcolor[rgb]{.9,.8,.9}7&\cellcolor[rgb]{.8,.8,.9}5&\cellcolor[rgb]{.7,.8,.9}3\\\cellcolor[rgb]{.9,.7,.9}6&\cellcolor[rgb]{.8,.7,.9}1&\cellcolor[rgb]{.7,.7,.9}8\\\end{tabular}

example 3

5.diagbox

画斜线表头的包diagbox

\usepackage{diagbox}...\begin{tabular}{|l|ccc|}\hline\diagbox{Time}{Room}{Day} & Mon & Tue & Wed \\\hlineMorning & used & used & \\Afternoon & & used & used \\\hline\end{tabular}

参考：

知乎：http://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/LaTeX/19749566
维基：https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Tables#Text_wrapping_in_tables

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