mysql添加slave节点



说明： 向msql master----->slave1主从复制 中添加slave2节点

1.测试环境 

 主备        master       slave1           slave2
IP: 192.168.56.87    192.168.56.88        192.168.56.89

 Mysql-Version   :  5.6.23
OS: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Release 5.5   (cat /etc/redhat-release)

2. 安装slave2节点的mysql数据库（步骤略）

3.锁定主库的表，备份主库

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

 锁定主库表的目的是防止数据备份阶段有数据写入，数据恢复丢失数据

 查看正在写哪一个二进制文件和文件位置（ POS 值）（用于恢复数据用）

mysql>show master status\G
*************************** 1. row **************************

    File: mysql-bin.000005
         Position: 1370
     Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

注意： show master status\G 后面不能加; show master status\G; 前面最好也没有空格否则很容易报意外的错误。

进入到shell命令行备份数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -R -u root -p  test     >/tmp/test.sql 
       
-R 备份函数，存储过程

回到锁表界面，解锁所有表
mysql> unlock tables;

4、备份文件传输到从库上

scp -P4999 ccc.sql 用户名 @172.16.22.2:/tmp/

[root@node1 tmp]# scp test.sql root@192.168.56.89:/tmp/
root@192.168.56.88's password:
test.sql                                  100% 2044     2.0KB/s   00:00   
[root@node1 tmp]#

-P 加端口号，默认的 ssh端口号为 22 ，如果没有修改过，此参数可省略
ccc.sql 要传输的文件名
用户名@ip:/tmp/   用户 @IP:/目录

5.从库开启ready_log

5.1 创建存目录存放ready_log

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/reay_log
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/reay_log
chown mysql:dba /usr/local/mysql/reay_log

5.2编辑slave的参数

[root@repli1 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
server-id = 3                    #指定服务器的ID
log-bin=mysql-bin
relay_log= /usr/local/mysql/reay_log/mysql-relay-bin 
log_slave_updates=1
read_only=1

重启服务
service mysql restart
server_id 服务器的标识符，唯一值，不能跟从服务器重复

log-bin=mysql-bin 开启 binlog日志
relay_log 开启复制日志， relay-log 日志记录的是在复制过程中，从服务器 I/O 线程将主服务器的二进制日志读取过来记录到从服务器本地文件，然后 SQL 线程会读取 relay-log日志的内容并应用到从服务器。 

6.模拟这段时间主库继续有业务

主库操作

mysql> CREATE TABLE pet1 (name VARCHAR(20), owner VARCHAR(20),
          species VARCHAR(20), sex CHAR(1), birth DATE, death DATE);

mysql>  INSERT INTO pet1 VALUES ('Puffball','Diane','hamster','f','1999-03-30',NULL);

mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

7. 从库导入数据

test 数据库本来就有不用再建了，如果没有就要建库。
mysql> create database test character set utf8 collate 'utf8_general_ci';
mysql> use test;
mysql> source /tmp/test.sql;
依次导入其它 DB
 

8、从库配置同步

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.56.87',master_user='test',master_password='123',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000005',master_log_pos=1370;

master_host     主机 IP
master_user     上面创建的复制用户名
master_passowrd 用户密码
master_log_file 从那个二进制文件开始复制         对应上面的file
master_log_pos  从二进制文件的哪个位置开始复制    对应上面的position

mysql> start slave
ERROR 1872 (HY000): Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository 竟然报错了

mysql> reset slave;   重置slave的参照
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)  现在才成功
mysql> show slave status\G;

启动Slave服务器，进入mysql控制台，查看同步状态。
mysql> show slave status\G

 *************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.56.87
                  Master_User: test
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 586
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000009
                Relay_Log_Pos: 749
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 586
              Relay_Log_Space: 1294
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 84b3bb06-f8a9-11e4-9dad-080027ecb38e
             Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

正常状态下，看到上面的两行加粗处，即Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running的参数都为 Yes，就说明主从同步运行正常。

9. 查看pet1 的数据有没有同步过来

mysql>  select * from pet1;
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name   | owner| species | sex  | birth    | death |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Puffball | Diane| hamster| f    | 1999-03-30 | NULL|
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+-------+
pet1 也被同步过来了；

10、同步测试

  10.1 在master上写入数据：

 mysql> CREATE TABLE pet3 (name VARCHAR(20), owner VARCHAR(20),species VARCHAR(20), sex CHAR(1), birth DATE, death DATE);
  
 mysql>  INSERT INTO pet3  VALUES ('Puffball','Diane','hamster','f','1999-03-30',NULL);
 mysql> commit;

 
 10.2 在slave1上查看结果：

mysql> use test
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| pet            |
| pet1           |
| pet3           |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from pet3;
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name     | owner | species | sex  | birth      | death |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Puffball | Diane | hamster | f    | 1999-03-30 | NULL  |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 

10.2 在slave2上查看结果：

mysql> use test
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| pet            |
| pet1           |
| pet3           |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from pet3;
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name     | owner | species | sex  | birth      | death |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Puffball | Diane | hamster | f    | 1999-03-30 | NULL  |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 

可以看到数据同步到slave1和 slave2 同步成功