Word Ladder II

来源:互联网 发布:centos怎么退出vi 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/22 11:30

题目:Given two words (beginWord and endWord), and a dictionary's word list, find all shortest transformation sequence(s) from beginWord to endWord, such that:

  1. Only one letter can be changed at a time
  2. Each intermediate word must exist in the word list

For example , Given:

beginWord = "hit"
endWord = "cog"
wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log"]

Return

  [    ["hit","hot","dot","dog","cog"],    ["hit","hot","lot","log","cog"]  ]

思路:

首先思路与之前一样,都是变换26*size 的次数,只不过,这次还将每次变换的字符串存入反向连接表。

但是本题有几个疑问,为什么每次都需要清除nextlevel里面的数据,因为我从一开始清除之后,万一我从后面清除呢,会不会步骤数更少。

我从一开始找到的未必是最短路径。这也是这两题的最大疑问。

代码:

class Solution {//http://46aae4d1e2371e4aa769798941cef698.devproxy.yunshipei.com/u012243115/article/details/43053527//https://leetcode.com/problems/word-ladder-ii/public:    vector<string> tmpPath;//用于构造当前的路径    vector<vector<string> > result;//保存结果    vector<vector<string> > findLadders(string start, string end, unordered_set<string> &dict) {    unordered_set<string> curLevel;//当前层次集合    unordered_set<string> nextLevel;//下一层集合    unordered_set<string> unvisited(dict);//储存还未访问的节点    unordered_map<string,unordered_set<string> >graph;//图,反向邻接表        if(unvisited.count(start)!=0)           unvisited.erase(start);//不储存start,不然待会儿第一层只会不断的死循环        curLevel.insert(start);//第一层就start        while(unvisited.size()>0&&curLevel.count(end)==0){        //循环进行的条件是unvisited中还有字符,或者这一层没有end              for(auto iter=curLevel.begin();iter!=curLevel.end();iter++){            string curWord=*iter;            for(int i=0;i<curWord.size();i++){                for(char c='a';c<'z';c++){                    string tmp=curWord;                    if(tmp[i]==c)   continue;                                        tmp[i]=c;                    //如果找得到,就说明一下子能够变成某个字符,在途中构造反向图                    if(unvisited.count(tmp)>0){                        nextLevel.insert(tmp);                        graph[tmp].insert(curWord);                    }                }            }        }        if(nextLevel.empty())   break;        //把层次遍历完,把下一层的元素删除        for(auto iter=nextLevel.begin();iter!=nextLevel.end();iter++){            unvisited.erase(*iter);        }                curLevel=nextLevel;        nextLevel.clear();    }    //如果当前层次上存在end,说明找到路径,则使用dfs从下到上构造路径。    if(curLevel.count(end)>0){        DFS_GenPath(graph,end,start);    }    return result;}void DFS_GenPath(unordered_map<string,unordered_set<string> >&graph,string start,string end){    tmpPath.push_back(start);    if(start==end){        vector<string> tmp=tmpPath;        reverse(tmp.begin(),tmp.end());        result.push_back(tmp);        return;    }        for(auto iter=graph[start].begin();iter!=graph[start].end();iter++){        DFS_GenPath(graph,*iter,end);        tmpPath.pop_back();//标准的回溯,上一句是进去,这一句是出来。    }}};


0 0