Apache Commons-SCXML系列之Demo："请假流程"

首先分析自己的业务逻辑，画好状态图

1、请假流程状态图

画图工具EA

2、根据状态图编写xml文件

<?xml version="1.0"?><!--请假流程定义，状态图如上图所示--><scxml xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/07/scxml"       version="1.0"       datamodel="jexl"       initial="filling">    <!-- 请假单需要的数据-->    <datamodel>        <data id="applicant" expr=""></data>        <data id="reason" expr=""></data>        <data id="from" expr=""></data>        <data id="to" expr=""></data>        <data id="departmentApprove" expr="false"></data>        <data id="personnelApprove" expr="false"></data>    </datamodel>    <state id="filling">        <onentry>        </onentry>        <!--当填写完了表单，将外界的数据通过,系统变量_event.data传进来，data其实是一个map-->        <transition event="fill.end" target="approving">            <assign location="applicant" expr="_event.data.name"></assign>            <assign location="reason" expr="_event.data.reason"></assign>            <assign location="from" expr="_event.data.from"></assign>            <assign location="to" expr="_event.data.to"></assign>            <!--调用leaveEntity的填表函数，在这个函数里面，我们可以操作做数据持久化-->            <!--个人觉得这种方式和领域驱动设计很像，欢迎和我交流-->            <script>                leaveEntity.fillForm(applicant,reason,from,to)            </script>        </transition>    </state>    <!--这是一个复合状态：一个大状太-->    <state id="approving">        <initial>            <transition target="departmentApproving">            </transition>        </initial>        <!--部门经理审批状态-->        <state id="departmentApproving">            <onentry></onentry>            <!--如果部门经理同意，就将departmentApprove的值赋值为true，然后我们可以执行持久化的数据操作（我这里只是简单的输出）-->            <transition event="approve" target="personnelApproving">                <assign location="departmentApprove" expr="true"></assign>                <script>                    leaveEntity.departmentApprove(departmentApprove)                </script>            </transition>        </state>        <!--人事经理审批状态-->        <state id="personnelApproving">            <!--如果人事经理同意，就将personnelApprove的值赋值为true，然后我们可以执行持久化的数据操作（我这里只是简单的输出）-->            <transition event="approve" target="approveEnd">                <assign location="personnelApprove" expr="true"></assign>                <script>                    leaveEntity.personnelApprove(personnelApprove)                </script>            </transition>        </state>        <final id="approveEnd"></final>        <!--这个转移的事件“event.state.approving”是当当前复合状态到达 <final> 节点的时候框架自动生成的。-->        <transition event="done.state.approving" target="approved" />        <!--这个转移事件，是只要任何一个经理拒绝了请求，就转向被拒绝状态-->        <transition event="reject" target="rejected">        </transition>    </state>    <!--已同意状态，进入状态的时候，可以发送邮件给相应的用户-->    <state id="approved">        <onentry>            <script>                leaveEntity.sendEmail()            </script>        </onentry>        <!--一个eventless（自动转移），执行完了<onentry>里面的事件就转移了-->        <transition target="archiving" ></transition>    </state>    <!--被拒绝状态，进入状态的时候，可以发送邮件给相应的用户-->    <state id="rejected">        <onentry>            <script>                leaveEntity.sendEmail()            </script>        </onentry>        <!--申请者选择继续修改申请信息的时候的转移，-->        <transition event="goFilling" target="filling"></transition>        <!--申请者可以取消本次请假-->        <transition event="goEnd" target="archiving"></transition>    </state>    <!--归档状态，进入的时候直接归档-->    <state id="archiving">        <onentry>            <script>                leaveEntity.archive()            </script>        </onentry>        <transition target="end"/>    </state>    <!--结束状态-->    <final id="end">    </final></scxml>

3、编写程序、控制状态变化

LeaveEntity.java

package leave;/** * Created by zhengshouzi on 2015/11/24. * * 这个类是一个实体类，就想领域驱动设计里面的思想一样，每一个实体类不仅要有数据，而且要有实体类对应的方法。 * 不知道什么是领域驱动设计的，请另行百度。 */public class LeaveEntity {    //请假表单信息，这些字段都可以不需要，凡事需要使用这些字段的地方，都可以选择从状态机里面传递出来，我也刚研究，最好还是加上。    private String appliant;    private String reason;    private String from ;    private String to;    private boolean departmentApprove;    private boolean personnelApprove;    /**     * 做表单数据保存操作     * @param name     * @param reason     * @param from     * @param to     */    public void fillForm(String name,String reason,String from,String to){        this.appliant = name;        this.reason = reason;        this.from=from;        this.to= to;        System.out.println("请假人："+appliant);        System.out.println("请假原因："+reason);        System.out.println("开始时间："+from);        System.out.println("结束时间："+to);    }    /**     * 更新部门经理同意信息     * @param b     */    public void departmentApprove(boolean b){        this.departmentApprove = b;        System.out.println("部门经理同意");    }    /**     * 更新人事经理同意信息     * @param b     */    public void personnelApprove(boolean b){        this.personnelApprove =b;        System.out.println("人事经理同意");    }    /**     * 发送邮件信息     */    public void sendEmail(){        if (departmentApprove && personnelApprove){            System.out.println(appliant+":你好，你的请假已经通过了");        }else{            System.out.println(appliant+":你好，你的请假没有通过，请重新填写");        }    }    /**     * 自动执行归档功能     */    public void archive(){        System.out.println("开始归档");    }}

LeaveFrame.java

/** * Created by zhengshouzi on 2015/11/24. */package leave;import org.apache.commons.scxml2.Context;import org.apache.commons.scxml2.Evaluator;import org.apache.commons.scxml2.SCXMLExecutor;import org.apache.commons.scxml2.TriggerEvent;import org.apache.commons.scxml2.env.SimpleErrorReporter;import org.apache.commons.scxml2.env.jexl.JexlEvaluator;import org.apache.commons.scxml2.io.SCXMLReader;import org.apache.commons.scxml2.model.ModelException;import org.apache.commons.scxml2.model.SCXML;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import java.net.URL;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;public class LeaveFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    //一系列的按钮，标签    private JLabel applicant;    private JLabel reason;    private JLabel from;    private JLabel to;    private JTextField nameTest;    private JTextField reasonTest;    private JTextField fromTest;    private JTextField toTest;    private JButton submit;    private JButton departmentApprove;    private JButton personeelApprove;    private JButton reject;    private JButton continueFill;    private JButton archive;    private JButton start;    private SCXMLExecutor executor=null;    public LeaveFrame() {        super("SCXML Leave");        initUI();    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        new LeaveFrame();    }    /**     * 初始化请假流程     */    private void initWorkflow()  {        //得到资源文件路径        final URL leaveApprovel = this.getClass().getResource("leaveApprove1.xml");        //实例化数据模型解析器        Evaluator evaluator = new JexlEvaluator();        //实例化引擎        executor = new SCXMLExecutor(evaluator, null, new SimpleErrorReporter());        try {            //加载资源文件,实例化到一个SCXML对象，两者之间一一对应            SCXML scxml = SCXMLReader.read(leaveApprovel);            //将这样的一个SCXML实例，作为状态机对象，传入到引擎里面。            executor.setStateMachine(scxml);            //设置引擎执行的根上下文            Context rootContext = evaluator.newContext(null);            LeaveEntity leaveEntity = new LeaveEntity();            rootContext.set("leaveEntity", leaveEntity);            executor.setRootContext(rootContext);            //开始启动流程            executor.go();        }catch (Exception e){            e.printStackTrace();        }        System.out.println(executor.getGlobalContext().getSystemContext().get("_sessionid"));    }    /**     * 监听器里面的方法，根据界面上的事件来触发对应的转移     * @param event     */    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {        String command = event.getActionCommand();        try {            if ("submit".equals(command)) {                setEnabledAndDisabled(new JComponent[]{reject,departmentApprove}, new JComponent[]{submit});                //添加请假的内容进去                Map<String, String> payloadData = new HashMap<String, String>();                payloadData.put("name",nameTest.getText());                payloadData.put("reason",reasonTest.getText());                payloadData.put("from", fromTest.getText());                payloadData.put("to", toTest.getText());                //生成表单填完的事件，携带外部数据进去，然后触发                executor.triggerEvent(new TriggerEvent("fill.end", TriggerEvent.SIGNAL_EVENT,payloadData));            }else if ("departmentApprove".equals(command)){                setEnabledAndDisabled(new JComponent[]{personeelApprove}, new JComponent[]{departmentApprove});                executor.triggerEvent(new TriggerEvent("approve", TriggerEvent.SIGNAL_EVENT));            }else if ("personeelApprove".equals(command)){                setEnabledAndDisabled(new JComponent[]{}, new JComponent[]{personeelApprove,reject,departmentApprove});                executor.triggerEvent(new TriggerEvent("approve", TriggerEvent.SIGNAL_EVENT));            }else if ("reject".equals(command)){                setEnabledAndDisabled(new JComponent[]{continueFill,archive}, new JComponent[]{submit,personeelApprove,reject,departmentApprove});                executor.triggerEvent(new TriggerEvent("reject", TriggerEvent.SIGNAL_EVENT));            }else if ("continueFill".equals(command)){                setEnabledAndDisabled(new JComponent[]{submit}, new JComponent[]{departmentApprove, personeelApprove, reject, continueFill, archive});                executor.triggerEvent(new TriggerEvent("goFilling", TriggerEvent.SIGNAL_EVENT));            }else if ("archive".equals(command)){                setEnabledAndDisabled(new JComponent[]{}, new JComponent[]{departmentApprove, personeelApprove, reject, continueFill, archive, submit});                executor.triggerEvent(new TriggerEvent("goEnd", TriggerEvent.SIGNAL_EVENT));            }else if ("start".equals(command)){                setEnabledAndDisabled(new JComponent[]{submit}, new JComponent[]{departmentApprove, personeelApprove, reject, continueFill, archive, start});                setEnabledAndDisabled(new JComponent[]{nameTest,reasonTest,fromTest,toTest}, new JComponent[]{});                initWorkflow();            }        } catch (ModelException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    /**     * 初始化界面     */    private void initUI() {        JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel();        mainPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());        JPanel contentPanel = new JPanel();        contentPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(8,2));        applicant = new JLabel("申请人：");        nameTest = new JTextField(10);        reason = new JLabel("原因：");        reasonTest = new JTextField(50);        from = new JLabel("开始时间：");        fromTest = new JTextField(10);        to = new JLabel("结束时间：");        toTest = new JTextField(10);        start = createButton("start","请假");        submit = createButton("submit","Submit");        departmentApprove= createButton("departmentApprove","部门同意");        personeelApprove= createButton("personeelApprove","人事同意");        reject = createButton("reject","拒绝");        continueFill = createButton("continueFill","继续填写");        archive= createButton("archive","结束");        setEnabledAndDisabled(new JComponent[]{start}, new JComponent[]{departmentApprove, personeelApprove, reject, continueFill, archive, submit});        setEnabledAndDisabled(new JComponent[]{}, new JComponent[]{nameTest, reasonTest, fromTest, toTest});        gridLayoutAdd(contentPanel,new JComponent[]{applicant,nameTest,reason,reasonTest,from,fromTest,to,toTest,start,submit,departmentApprove,personeelApprove,reject,continueFill,archive});        mainPanel.add(contentPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);        setContentPane(mainPanel);        setLocation(200, 200);        setSize(400, 400);        setResizable(true);        setVisible(true);        setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);    }    private void gridLayoutAdd(JPanel content, JComponent[] components){        for (int i = 0; i < components.length; i++) {            content.add(components[i]);        }    }    private JButton createButton(final String command, final String text) {        JButton button = new JButton(text);        button.setActionCommand(command);        button.addActionListener(this);        return button;    }    private void setEnabledAndDisabled(JComponent[] enabled,JComponent[] disabled){        for (int i=0;i<enabled.length;i++){            enabled[i].setEnabled(true);        }        for (int i=0;i<disabled.length;i++){            disabled[i].setEnabled(false);        }    }}

4、程序分析

1、首先打开程序



2、然后点击请假，发起一个请假流程，图中的一串字符是当前会话的id。



3、一旦提交表单，就轮到部门经理审批，部门经理可以选择同意或者拒绝。



4、这里先演示部门同意，接下来就该到人事经理了。



5、这里演示人事经理拒绝，那么按照我们之前话的状态图，这时候应该到“被拒绝“状态，发起人可以更改信息，重新提交或者放弃请假。


6、这里假设我们继续填写，点击提交，又回到了部门经理审批，然后人事经理审批环节，假设两者都同意，然后整个流程就结束了。

5、总结

用状态图只要控制好event 和condition 表达复杂的行为很方便。SCXML框架只有控制状态变化的能力，如果我们能够添加上任务分派功能，那就是一个很强大的状态机工作流了。

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