Shrio登陆验证实例详细解读

     摘要：本文采用了Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis+Shiro+Msql来写了一个登陆验证的实例，下面来看看过程吧！整个工程基于Mavevn来创建，运行环境为JDK1.6+WIN7+tomcat7.

这里主要说了Shiro的搭建过程，Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis的搭建过可以看这里Spring+Mybatis+SpringMVC+Maven+MySql搭建实例

整体工程免费下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/evankaka/9331135

最终效果如下：

工程整体的目录如下：

java代码如下：

配置文件如下：

页面资源如下：

好了，下面来简单说下过程吧！

准备工作：

先建表：

drop table if exists user; CREATE TABLE `user` (  `id` int(11) primary key auto_increment,  `name` varchar(20)  NOT NULL,  `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,  `birthday` date DEFAULT NULL,  `password` varchar(20)  NOT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; insert into user values(1,'lin',12,'2013-12-01','123456'); insert into user values(2,'apple',34,'1999-12-01','123456'); insert into user values(3,'evankaka',23,'2017-12-01','123456');

建好后，新建一个Maven的webApp的工程，记得把结构设置成上面的那样！

下面来看看一些代码和配置

1、POM文件

注意不要少导包了，如果项目出现红叉，一般都是JDK版本的设置问题，自己百度一下就可以解决

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.lin</groupId><artifactId>ShiroLearn1</artifactId><packaging>war</packaging><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>ShiroLearn1 Maven Webapp</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><properties><!-- spring版本号 --><spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version><!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 --><slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version><log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version><!-- junit版本号 --><junit.version>4.10</junit.version><!-- mybatis版本号 --><mybatis.version>3.2.1</mybatis.version></properties><dependencies><!-- 添加Spring依赖 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><!--单元测试依赖 --><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>${junit.version}</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- 日志文件管理包 --><!-- log start --><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>${log4j.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId><version>${slf4j.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>${slf4j.version}</version></dependency><!-- log end --><!--spring单元测试依赖 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!--mybatis依赖 --><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>${mybatis.version}</version></dependency><!-- mybatis/spring包 --><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>1.2.0</version></dependency><!-- mysql驱动包 --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.29</version></dependency>             <!-- servlet驱动包 --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><version>3.0-alpha-1</version></dependency><!-- Spring 整合Shiro需要的依赖 --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId><version>1.2.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId><version>1.2.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId><version>1.2.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId><version>1.2.1</version></dependency><!-- Spring 整合Shiro需要的依赖 --></dependencies><build><finalName>ShiroLearn1</finalName><plugins><!-- 指定web项目 版本 --><plugin><artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId><configuration><version>2.4</version></configuration></plugin><!-- 指定编译使用 --><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>2.3.2</version><configuration><source>1.6</source><target>1.6</target></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>

2、自定义Shiro拦截器

   这里这个拦截器完成了用户名和密码的验证，验证成功后又给用赋角色和权限（注意，这里赋角色和权限我直接写进去了，没有使用数据库，一般都是要通过service层找到用户名后，再去数据库查该用户对应的角色以及权限，然后再加入到shiro中去）

代码如下：

package com.lin.realm;import java.util.HashSet;import java.util.Set;import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.cache.Cache;import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;import org.apache.shiro.subject.SimplePrincipalCollection;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import com.lin.domain.User;import com.lin.service.UserService;import com.lin.utils.CipherUtil;public class ShiroDbRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ShiroDbRealm.class);private static final String ALGORITHM = "MD5";@Autowiredprivate UserService userService;public ShiroDbRealm() {super();}/** * 验证登陆 */@Overrideprotected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authcToken) throws AuthenticationException {UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authcToken;System.out.println(token.getUsername());User user = userService.findUserByLoginName(token.getUsername());System.out.println(user);CipherUtil cipher = new CipherUtil();//MD5加密if (user != null) {return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user.getName(), cipher.generatePassword(user.getPassword()), getName());}else{throw new AuthenticationException();}}/** * 登陆成功之后，进行角色和权限验证 */@Overrideprotected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {/*这里应该根据userName使用role和permission 的serive层来做判断，并将对应 的权限加进来，下面简化了这一步*/Set<String> roleNames = new HashSet<String>();    Set<String> permissions = new HashSet<String>();    roleNames.add("admin");//添加角色。对应到index.jsp    roleNames.add("administrator");    permissions.add("create");//添加权限,对应到index.jsp    permissions.add("login.do?main");    permissions.add("login.do?logout");SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(roleNames);    info.setStringPermissions(permissions);return info;}/** * 清除所有用户授权信息缓存. */public void clearCachedAuthorizationInfo(String principal) {SimplePrincipalCollection principals = new SimplePrincipalCollection(principal, getName());clearCachedAuthorizationInfo(principals);}/** * 清除所有用户授权信息缓存. */public void clearAllCachedAuthorizationInfo() {Cache<Object, AuthorizationInfo> cache = getAuthorizationCache();if (cache != null) {for (Object key : cache.keys()) {cache.remove(key);}}}//@PostConstruct//public void initCredentialsMatcher() {//MD5鍔犲瘑//HashedCredentialsMatcher matcher = new HashedCredentialsMatcher(ALGORITHM);//setCredentialsMatcher(matcher);//}}

3、shiro的配置文件 ：spring-shiro.xml

内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"default-lazy-init="true"><description>Shiro Configuration</description><!-- Shiro's main business-tier object for web-enabled applications --><bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager"><property name="realm" ref="shiroDbRealm" /><property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" /></bean><!-- 項目自定义的Realm --><bean id="shiroDbRealm" class="com.lin.realm.ShiroDbRealm"><property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" /></bean><!-- Shiro Filter --><bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean"><property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" /><property name="loginUrl" value="/login.do" /><property name="successUrl" value="/view/index.html" /><property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/error/noperms.jsp" /><property name="filterChainDefinitions"><value>/index.html = authc/checkLogin.do = anon/login.do = anon/logout.html = anon/** = authc</value></property></bean><!-- 用户授权信息Cache --><bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.MemoryConstrainedCacheManager" /><!-- 保证实现了Shiro内部lifecycle函数的bean执行 --><bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor" /><!-- AOP式方法级权限检查 --><bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator"depends-on="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"><property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true" /></bean><bean class="org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor"><property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" /></bean></beans>

这里简要说明下：

（1）

securityManager：这个属性是必须的。

loginUrl：没有登录的用户请求需要登录的页面时自动跳转到登录页面，不是必须的属性，不输入地址的话会自动寻找项目web项目的根目录下的”/login.jsp”页面。

successUrl：登录成功默认跳转页面，不配置则跳转至”/”。如果登陆前点击的一个需要登录的页面，则在登录自动跳转到那个需要登录的页面。不跳转到此。

unauthorizedUrl：没有权限默认跳转的页面。

（2）

anon:例子/admins/**=anon 没有参数，表示可以匿名使用。

authc:例如/admins/user/**=authc表示需要认证(登录)才能使用，没有参数

roles：例子/admins/user/**=roles[admin],参数可以写多个，多个时必须加上引号，并且参数之间用逗号分割，当有多个参数时，例如admins/user/**=roles["admin,guest"],每个参数通过才算通过，相当于hasAllRoles()方法。

perms：例子/admins/user/**=perms[user:add:*],参数可以写多个，多个时必须加上引号，并且参数之间用逗号分割，例如/admins/user/**=perms["user:add:*,user:modify:*"]，当有多个参数时必须每个参数都通过才通过，想当于isPermitedAll()方法。

rest：例子/admins/user/**=rest[user],根据请求的方法，相当于/admins/user/**=perms[user:method] ,其中method为post，get，delete等。

port：例子/admins/user/**=port[8081],当请求的url的端口不是8081是跳转到schemal://serverName:8081?queryString,其中schmal是协议http或https等，serverName是你访问的host,8081是url配置里port的端口，queryString

是你访问的url里的？后面的参数。

authcBasic：例如/admins/user/**=authcBasic没有参数表示httpBasic认证

ssl:例子/admins/user/**=ssl没有参数，表示安全的url请求，协议为https

user:例如/admins/user/**=user没有参数表示必须存在用户，当登入操作时不做检查

注：anon，authcBasic，auchc，user是认证过滤器，

perms，roles，ssl，rest，port是授权过滤器

4、web.xml配置解读shiro的配置文件（上面的）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"><display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name><!-- 起始欢迎界面 --><welcome-file-list><welcome-file>/login.do</welcome-file></welcome-file-list><!-- 读取spring配置文件 --><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:application.xml,classpath:shiro/spring-shiro.xml</param-value></context-param><!-- 设计路径变量值 --><context-param><param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name><param-value>springmvc.root</param-value></context-param><!-- Spring字符集过滤器 --><filter><filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>forceEncoding</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><filter><filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class><init-param><param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><!-- 日志记录 --><context-param><!-- 日志配置文件路径 --><param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value></context-param><context-param><!-- 日志页面的刷新间隔 --><param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name><param-value>6000</param-value></context-param><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class></listener><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><!-- 防止spring内存溢出监听器 --><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class></listener><!-- springMVC核心配置 --><servlet><servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><!--spingMVC的配置路径 --><param-value>classpath:springmvc/spring-mvc.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><!-- 拦截设置 --><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><!-- 配置session超时时间，单位分钟 --><session-config><session-timeout>15</session-timeout></session-config><error-page><error-code>404</error-code><location>/WEB-INF/views/error/404.jsp</location></error-page><error-page><error-code>401</error-code><location>/WEB-INF/views/error/401.jsp</location></error-page></web-app>

这里不仅配置了SpringMVC还要配置Shiro！

5、登陆页面login.jsp

以下是默认登陆的界面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%String url = request.getRequestURL().toString();url = url.substring(0, url.indexOf('/', url.indexOf("//") + 2));String context = request.getContextPath();url += context;application.setAttribute("ctx", url);%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body><form action="${ctx}/checkLogin.do" method="post">username: <input type="text" name="username"><br>password: <input type="password" name="password"><br><input type="submit" value="登录"></form></body></html>

6、验证成功页面index.jsp

如果用户名和密码正确后，跳转到的页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib prefix="shiro" uri="http://shiro.apache.org/tags"%><%String url = request.getRequestURL().toString();url = url.substring(0, url.indexOf('/', url.indexOf("//") + 2));String context = request.getContextPath();url += context;application.setAttribute("ctx", url);%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Shiro登陆实例</title></head><body><h1>Shiro登陆实例</h1><a href="${ctx}/logout.html">退出</a><p>一、验证当前用户是否为"访客"，即未认证（包含未记住）的用户</p><shiro:guest>      Hi there!  Please <a href="login.jsp">Login</a> or <a href="signup.jsp">Signup</a> today!  </shiro:guest><p>二、认证通过或已记住的用户</p><shiro:user>      Welcome back John!  Not John? Click <a href="login.jsp">here<a> to login. </shiro:user><p>三、已认证通过的用户。不包含已记住的用户，这是与user标签的区别所在。</p><shiro:authenticated>      <a href="updateAccount.jsp">Update your contact information</a>.  </shiro:authenticated><p>四、未认证通过用户，与authenticated标签相对应。与guest标签的区别是，该标签包含已记住用户。</p><shiro:notAuthenticated>      Please <a href="login.jsp">login</a> in order to update your credit card information.  </shiro:notAuthenticated>  <p>五、输出当前用户信息，通常为登录帐号信息</p>Hello, <shiro:principal/>, how are you today?  <p>六、验证当前用户是否属于该角色</p><shiro:hasRole name="administrator">      <a href="admin.jsp">Administer the system</a>  </shiro:hasRole>  <p>七、与hasRole标签逻辑相反，当用户不属于该角色时验证通过</p><shiro:lacksRole name="administrator">      Sorry, you are not allowed to administer the system.  </shiro:lacksRole>  <p>八、验证当前用户是否属于以下任意一个角色。</p><shiro:hasAnyRoles name="developer,manager,administrator">    You are either a developer,manager, or administrator.  </shiro:hasAnyRoles>   <p>九、验证当前用户权限。</p><shiro:hasPermission name="create">    <p>当前用户拥有增加的权限！！！！！！！！！！！！！</p></shiro:hasPermission>  <shiro:hasPermission name="delete">     <p>当前用户拥有删除的权限！！！！！！！！！！！！！</p></shiro:hasPermission>  </body></html>

其它页面就不说了，具体看工程吧！

7、controller层来看看

这里/{id}/showUser主要是来验证是否连接成功（现在无法测试了），当然在工程里你也可以到src/test/java里的包com.lin.service下的UserServiceTest.java，那里我也写了一个单元测试的类。

package com.lin.controller;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import com.lin.domain.User;import com.lin.realm.ShiroDbRealm;import com.lin.service.UserService;import com.lin.utils.CipherUtil;@Controllerpublic class UserControler {private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ShiroDbRealm.class);@Autowiredprivate UserService userService;/** * 验证springmvc与batis连接成功 * @param id * @param request * @return */@RequestMapping("/{id}/showUser")public String showUser(@PathVariable int id, HttpServletRequest request) {User user = userService.getUserById(id);System.out.println(user.getName());request.setAttribute("user", user);return "showUser";}/** * 初始登陆界面 * @param request * @return */@RequestMapping("/login.do")public String tologin(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Model model){logger.debug("来自IP[" + request.getRemoteHost() + "]的访问");return "login";}/** * 验证用户名和密码 * @param request * @return */@RequestMapping("/checkLogin.do")public String login(HttpServletRequest request) {String result = "login.do";// 取得用户名String username = request.getParameter("username");//取得 密码，并用MD5加密String password = CipherUtil.generatePassword(request.getParameter("password"));//String password = request.getParameter("password");UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();try {System.out.println("----------------------------");if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()){//使用shiro来验证token.setRememberMe(true);currentUser.login(token);//验证角色和权限}System.out.println("result: " + result);result = "index";//验证成功} catch (Exception e) {logger.error(e.getMessage());result = "login。do";//验证失败}return result;}      /**     * 退出     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value = "/logout")      @ResponseBody      public String logout() {            Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();          String result = "logout";          currentUser.logout();          return result;      }       }

再来看看效果吧！

整体工程免费下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/evankaka/9331135