python之C扩展

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第一步:上C源码(代码框架是参考一位网友的^_^!):

/*************************************************************************    > File Name: python_test.c    > Author:     > Mail:     > Created Time: Thu 03 Dec 2015 10:45:04 PM PST ************************************************************************/#include <python2.7/Python.h> //包含python的头文件  #include <stdio.h>/*1 c/cpp中的函数  */int my_c_function(int j,int i) {      int n = i+j;    printf("i + j = %d\n",n);    return n;  }  // 2 python 包装  static PyObject * wrap_my_c_fun(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {      int command;      int n;     int i;    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ii",&command,&i))//这句是把python的变量args转换成c的变量command      return NULL;      n = my_c_function(command,i);//调用c的函数        return Py_BuildValue("i",n);//把c的返回值n转换成python的对象  }  // 3 方法列表  static PyMethodDef MyCppMethods[] = {  //MyCppFun1是python中注册的函数名,wrap_my_c_fun是函数指针      { "MyCppFun1", wrap_my_c_fun, METH_VARARGS, "Execute a shellcommand."  },      { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL  }  };  // 4 模块初始化方法  PyMODINIT_FUNC initMyCppModule(void) {          //初始模块,把MyCppMethods初始到MyCppModule中      PyObject *m = Py_InitModule("MyCppModule", MyCppMethods);      if (m == NULL)          return;  }  

第二步:编写python 编译代码(setup.py)

#!/usr/bin env pythonfrom distutils.core import setup, ExtensionMOD = 'MyCppModule'setup(name=MOD,version = '1.0', ext_modules=[Extension(MOD,sources=['python_test.c'])])

第三步:输入编译命令

python setup.py build

输入命令后会打印如下信息(打印类似信息及成功,否则就去检查代码):

kjlr@kjlr-ThinkPad-E450c:~/python_test$ python setup.py buildrunning buildrunning build_extbuilding 'MyCppModule' extensionx86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c python_test.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/python_test.ox86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Werror=format-security build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/python_test.o -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MyCppModule.so

第四步:输入命令将我们做好的安装到python中

sudo python setup.py install

输入命令后会打印如下信息(打印类似信息及成功,否则就去检查代码):

kjlr@kjlr-ThinkPad-E450c:~/python_test$ sudo python setup.py install[sudo] password for kjlr: running installrunning buildrunning build_extrunning install_libcopying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MyCppModule.so -> /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packagesrunning install_egg_infoRemoving /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/MyCppModule-1.0.egg-infoWriting /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/MyCppModule-1.0.egg-info

第五步:在解释器里测试我们做好的包

kjlr@kjlr-ThinkPad-E450c:~$ pythonPython 2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 17:58:13) [GCC 4.8.2] on linux2Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import MyCppModule>>> MyCppModule.MyCppFun1(1,3)i + j = 44>>> MyCppModule.MyCppFun1(1,308)i + j = 309309>>> 

第六步:如有兴趣深究者可阅读《python核心编程》第二版

注:本示例一共用到了两个文件,python_test.c
setup.py,都在同一个目录下。

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