python日志logging模块学习

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1.简单的将日志打印到屏幕:

import logging  logging.debug('This is debug message')  logging.info('This is info message')  logging.warning('This is warning message')  

运行结果只有一条:

WARNING:root:This is warning message

默认情况下,logging将日志打印到屏幕,日志级别为WARNING;

日志级别大小关系为:CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET,当然也可以自己定义日志级别。

2.通过logging.basicConfig函数对日志的输出格式及方式做相关配置

Python代码 收藏代码

import logging  logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,                  format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',                  datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',                  filename='myapp.log',                  filemode='w')  logging.debug('This is debug message')  logging.info('This is info message')  logging.warning('This is warning message')  

输入的日志文件有:

myapp.log文件中内容为:

Mon, 27 Jan 2014 14:30:09 loggingtest01.py[line:14] DEBUG This is debug message

Mon, 27 Jan 2014 14:30:09 loggingtest01.py[line:15] INFO This is info message

Mon, 27 Jan 2014 14:30:09 loggingtest01.py[line:16] WARNING This is warning message

关于logging.basicConfig函数的常用配置:

filename: 指定日志文件名filemode: 和file函数意义相同,指定日志文件的打开模式,'w'或'a'format: 指定输出的格式和内容,format可以输出很多有用信息,如上例所示: %(levelno)s: 打印日志级别的数值 %(levelname)s: 打印日志级别名称 %(pathname)s: 打印当前执行程序的路径,其实就是sys.argv[0] %(filename)s: 打印当前执行程序名 %(funcName)s: 打印日志的当前函数 %(lineno)d: 打印日志的当前行号 %(asctime)s: 打印日志的时间 %(thread)d: 打印线程ID %(threadName)s: 打印线程名称 %(process)d: 打印进程ID %(message)s: 打印日志信息datefmt: 指定时间格式,同time.strftime()level: 设置日志级别,默认为logging.WARNINGstream: 指定将日志的输出流,可以指定输出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件,默认输出到sys.stderr,当stream和filename同时指定时,stream被忽略

不配置filename的时候,默认是将日志输出到控制台的:

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,                  format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',                  datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S')       logging.debug('This is debug message')      logging.info('This is info message')      logging.warning('This is warning message')  

3.将日志同时输出到文件和屏幕

 #encoding=gbk      import logging      if __name__ == "__main__":          logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,                          format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',                          datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',                          filename='myapp.log',                          filemode='w')          #################################################################################################          #定义一个StreamHandler,将INFO级别或更高的日志信息打印到标准错误,并将其添加到当前的日志处理对象#          console = logging.StreamHandler()          console.setLevel(logging.INFO)          formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')          console.setFormatter(formatter)          logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)          #################################################################################################          logging.debug('This is debug message')          logging.info('This is info message')          logging.warning('This is warning message') 
logging.StreamHandler: 日志输出到流,可以是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件logging.FileHandler: 日志输出到文件日志回滚方式,实际使用时用RotatingFileHandler和TimedRotatingFileHandlerlogging.handlers.BaseRotatingHandlerlogging.handlers.RotatingFileHandlerlogging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandlerlogging.handlers.SocketHandler: 远程输出日志到TCP/IP socketslogging.handlers.DatagramHandler:  远程输出日志到UDP socketslogging.handlers.SMTPHandler:  远程输出日志到邮件地址logging.handlers.SysLogHandler: 日志输出到sysloglogging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 远程输出日志到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日志logging.handlers.MemoryHandler: 日志输出到内存中的制定bufferlogging.handlers.HTTPHandler: 通过"GET""POST"远程输出到HTTP服务器

4.通过logging.config模块配置日志

Properties代码 收藏代码

    #logger.conf      ###############################################      [loggers]      keys=root,example01,example02      [logger_root]      level=DEBUG      handlers=hand01,hand02      [logger_example01]      handlers=hand01,hand02      qualname=example01      propagate=0      [logger_example02]      handlers=hand01,hand03      qualname=example02      propagate=0      ###############################################      [handlers]      keys=hand01,hand02,hand03      [handler_hand01]      class=StreamHandler      level=INFO      formatter=form02      args=(sys.stderr,)      [handler_hand02]      class=FileHandler      level=DEBUG      formatter=form01      args=('myapp.log', 'a')      [handler_hand03]      class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler      level=INFO      formatter=form02      args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)      ###############################################      [formatters]      keys=form01,form02      [formatter_form01]      format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s      datefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S      [formatter_form02]      format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s      datefmt=  

上例3:

import logging  import logging.config  logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")  logger = logging.getLogger("example01")  logger.debug('This is debug message')  logger.info('This is info message')  logger.warning('This is warning message') 

上例4:

    import logging      import logging.config      logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")      logger = logging.getLogger("example02")      logger.debug('This is debug message')      logger.info('This is info message')      logger.warning('This is warning message')  

PS.logging是线程安全的

ref: 原文

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