css hack 大全

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<body>


<h1>part1 —— 浏览器测试仪器,测试您现在使用的浏览器类型</h1>
<div class="bb">
<table class="browsers" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody><tr>
  <td>IE6</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>IE7</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>IE8</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>Firefox</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>Opera</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>Safari <br> (Chrome)</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr class="browsercolor">
  <td class="ie6"><div>IE6</div><p></p></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td class="ie7"><div>IE7</div><p></p></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td class="ie8"><div>IE8</div><p></p></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td class="firefox"><div>Firefox</div><p></p></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td class="opera"><div>Opera</div><p></p></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td class="other"><div>Safari <br>(Chrome)</div><p></p></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br>
<span style="display:none;display:block\0;display:none\9;">您现在使用的浏览器是Opera。Opera游览器很时髦么。</span>
<span id="firefoxTip">您现在使用的浏览器是Firefox。Firefox是很强大的游览器。</span>
<span id="ChromeTip">您现在使用的浏览器是Safari(Chrome)。Safari和Chrome使用的都是Webkit内核。</span>
<!--[if IE 8]>您现在使用的浏览器是IE8。新版IE8的功能可是不少呢。<![endif]--> 
<!--[if IE 7]>您现在使用的浏览器是IE7。IE7还可以凑合着用!<![endif]--> 
<!--[if IE 6]>您现在使用的浏览器是IE6。IE6可是有点落后了!<![endif]--> 
</div>
<div style="height:30px"></div>


  <h1>part2 —— CSS hack技巧大全</h1>
  <ul>
<li class="">——作者:吴雷君</li>
        <li class="b m">兼容范围:</li>
        <li class="pl-24">IE:6.0+,FireFox:2.0+,Opera 10.0+,Sarari 3.0+,Chrome</li>

</ul>




<ul>
        <li class="b m">参考资料:</li>
        <li class="pl-24">
          <p class="b">各游览器常用兼容标记一览表:</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            <table id="tipTable">
              <tbody><tr class="innerLord">
                <th>标记</th><th>IE6</th><th>IE7</th><th>IE8</th><th>FF</th><th>Opera</th><th>Sarari</th>
              </tr>
              <tr class="innerDiff">
                <td>[*+&gt;&lt;]</td><td>√</td><td>√</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td>
              </tr>             
              <tr class="innerDiff">
                <td>_</td><td>√</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td>
              </tr>
              <tr class="innerDiff">
                <td>\9</td><td>√</td><td>√</td><td>√</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td>
              </tr>
              <tr class="innerDiff">
                <td>\0</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>√</td><td>X</td><td>√</td><td>X</td>
              </tr>
              <tr class="innerDiff">
                <td>@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){<span class="red">.bb </span>{}}</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>√</td>
              </tr>
              <tr class="innerDiff">
                <td><span class="red">.bb </span>, x:-moz-any-link, x:default</td><td>X</td><td>√</td><td>X</td><td>√(ff3.5及以下)</td><td>X</td><td>X</td>
              </tr>
              <tr class="innerDiff">
                <td>@-moz-document url-prefix(){<span class="red">.bb</span>{}}</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>√</td><td>X</td><td>X</td>
              </tr>
              <tr class="innerDiff">
                <td>@media all and (min-width: 0px){<span class="red">.bb </span>{}}</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>√</td><td>√</td><td>√</td>
              </tr>
              <tr class="innerDiff">
                <td>* +html <span class="red">.bb </span>{}</td><td>X</td><td>√</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td>
              </tr>
              <tr class="innerLord">
                <td>游览器内核</td><td>Trident</td><td>Trident</td><td>Trident</td><td>Gecko</td><td>Presto</td><td>WebKit</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody></table>
<div class="">(以上 <span class="red">.bb </span>可更换为其它样式名)</div>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-24">
          <p class="b">注意点:</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
          <p class="">
网上很多资料中常常把!important也作为一个hack手段,其实这是一个误区。!important常常被我们用来更改样式,而不是兼容hack。造成这个误区的原因是IE6在某些情况下不主动识别!important,以至于常常被人误用做识别IE6的hack。可是,大家注意一下,IE6只是在某些情况下不识别<span class="red">(ie6下,同一个大括号里对同一个样式属性定义,其中一个加important 则important标记是被忽略的,例:{background:red!important; background:green;} ie6下解释为背景色green,其它浏览器解释为背景色red;如果这同一个样式在不同大括号里定义,其中一个加important 则important发挥正常作用,例:div{background:red!important}  div{background:green},这时所有浏览器统一解释为背景色red。)</span>
          </p>
        <hr>
        </li><li class="b m">实例讲解:</li>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">Hack应用情境(一)</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            <p class="b">适用范围:IE:6.0,IE7.0,IE8.0之间的兼容
        </p></li>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">实例说明:</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            此例中我们使用了渐进识别的方式,从总体中逐渐排除局部。首先,巧妙的使用“<span class="red">\9</span>”这一标记,将IE游览器从所有情况中分离出来。接着,再次使用“<span class="red">+</span>”将IE8和IE7、IE6分离开来,此时,我们的IE8已经独立识别。
        </li>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">实例代码:</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            <p class="orange">
.bb{<br>
    height:32px;<br>
    background-color:#f1ee18;<span class="green">/*所有识别*/</span><br>
    <span class="red">.background-color:#00deff\9; <span class="green">/*IE6、7、8识别*/</span><br>
    +background-color:#a200ff;<span class="green">/*IE6、7识别*/</span><br>
    _background-color:#1e0bd1;<span class="green">/*IE6识别*/</span><br></span>
}<br>
            </p>
          <p class="green">/*一个用于展示的class为bb的div标签*/</p>
          <span class="blue">&lt;</span>
          <span class="orange">div </span>
          <span class="orange">class</span>
          <span class="blue">="bb"&gt;&lt;/</span>
          <span class="orange">div</span>
          <span class="blue">&gt;</span>
        </li>
        <br>
        <hr>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">Hack应用情境(二)</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            <p class="b">适用范围:IE:6.0,IE7.0,IE8.0,Firefox之间的兼容
        </p></li>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">实例说明:</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            大家很容易的可以看出这是情境(一)的加强版,适用于更广泛的环境。其实情境(一)中也已经做到了把火狐与IE游览器区分开来了,现在我们要做的是把火狐从其它游览器中再次识别出来。大家仔细看下代码,大家会发现其实游览器识别是很简单的。火狐如何识别?对了,IE中对伪类支持不广泛,所以伪类是个不错的途径。(<span class="red">.yourClass,x:-moz-any-link, x:default</span>)注意,这个区分伪类往往IE7也能识别,所以最好还需要把IE7单独识别出来,且此方法对ff3.6 已无效,firefox的区分可以使用<span class="red">@-moz-document url-prefix(){}</span>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">实例代码:</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            <p class="orange">
.bb{<br>
    height:32px;<br>
    background-color:#f1ee18;<span class="green">/*所有识别*/</span><br>
    background-color:#00deff\9; <span class="green">/*IE6、7、8识别*/</span><br>
    +background-color:#a200ff;<span class="green">/*IE6、7识别*/</span><br>
    _background-color:#1e0bd1;<span class="green">/*IE6识别*/</span><br>
}<br>
<span class="red">.bb, x:-moz-any-link, x:default{background-color:#00ff00;}<span class="green">/*IE7 firefox3.5及以下 识别 */</span> <br>
@-moz-document url-prefix(){.bb{background-color:#00ff00;}}<span class="green">/* 仅firefox 识别 */</span> <br>
* +html .bb{background-color:#a200ff;}<span class="green">/* 仅IE7 识别 */</span></span>
            </p><br>
          <p class="green">/*一个用于展示的class为bb的div标签*/</p>
          <span class="blue">&lt;</span>
          <span class="orange">div </span>
          <span class="orange">class</span>
          <span class="blue">="bb"&gt;&lt;/</span>
          <span class="orange">div</span>
          <span class="blue">&gt;</span>
        </li>
        <br>
        <hr>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">Hack应用情境(三)</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            <p class="b">适用范围:IE:6.0,IE7.0,IE8.0,Firefox,Safari(Chrome)之间的兼容
        </p></li>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">实例说明:</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            我们现在将再次对我们的CSS进行加强了,使其能识别Safari(Chrome)游览器。这是基于它们的内核webkit来识别的,用法为<span class="red">@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0)</span>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">实例代码:</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            <p class="orange">
.bb{<br>
    height:32px;<br>
    background-color:#f1ee18;<span class="green">/*所有识别*/</span><br>
    background-color:#00deff\9; <span class="green">/*IE6、7、8识别*/</span><br>
    +background-color:#a200ff;<span class="green">/*IE6、7识别*/</span><br>
    _background-color:#1e0bd1;<span class="green">/*IE6识别*/</span><br>
}<br>
<span class="red">@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){.bb{background-color:#f1ee18}}{} <span class="green">/*safari(Chrome) 有效 */</span></span><br>
.bb, x:-moz-any-link, x:default{background-color:#00ff00;}<span class="green">/*IE7 firefox3.5及以下 识别 */</span> <br>
@-moz-document url-prefix(){.bb{background-color:#00ff00;}}<span class="green">/*仅firefox 识别*/</span> <br>
* +html .bb{background-color:#a200ff;}<span class="green">/* 仅IE7 识别 */</span>
            </p><br>
          <p class="green">/*一个用于展示的class为bb的div标签*/</p>
          <span class="blue">&lt;</span>
          <span class="orange">div </span>
          <span class="orange">class</span>
          <span class="blue">="bb"&gt;&lt;/</span>
          <span class="orange">div</span>
          <span class="blue">&gt;</span>
        </li>
        <br>
        <hr>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">Hack应用情境(四)</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            <p class="b">适用范围:IE:6.0+,FireFox:2.0+,Opera 10.0+,Sarari 3.0+,Chrome全兼容</p><p>
        </p></li>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">实例说明:</p>
        </li>
        <li class="pl-48">
            实例的具体代码在下面实例代码中已经列出,具体效果如此页面的顶端部分效果,您可以通过不同游览器检测该效果。这次我们基本把所有的主流游览器都兼容了,大家来看下代码。Opera的识别有一部分归功于“<span class="red">\0</span>”标记,这个标记只被IE8和Opera识别,特殊的标记往往造就的是我们更广泛的hack手段。下例的代码比较完整,大家可以选择参考。
        </li>
        <li class="pl-24">
            <p class="b">实例代码:</p>
        </li>
<li class="pl-48"><p class="blue">&lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"&gt;</p><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">html </span><span class="red">xmlns</span><span class="blue">="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" </span><span class="red">lang</span><span class="blue">="gb2312"&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-72"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">head</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-96"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">meta </span><span class="red">http-equiv</span><span class="blue">=Content-Type </span><span class="red">content</span><span class="blue">="text/html; charset=gb2312"/&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-96"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">style </span><span class="red">type</span><span class="blue">="text/css"&gt;</span></li>
        <li class="pl-96">
            <p class="orange">
/***************************************** 各游览器兼容CSS **********************************************/<br>


.bb{height:32px;background-color:#f1ee18;<span class="green">/*所有识别*/</span> background-color:#00deff\9; <span class="green">/*IE6、7、8识别*/</span> +background-color:#a200ff;<span class="green">/*IE6、7识别*/</span> _background-color:#1e0bd1<span class="green">/*IE6识别*/</span>}
<br><br>
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){.bb{background-color:#f1ee18}}{} <span class="green">/* Safari(Chrome) 有效 */</span><br>
<span class="red">@media all and (min-width: 0px){ .bb{background-color:#f1ee18;<span class="green">/*opera and Safari(Chrome) and firefox*/ </span>background-color:#4cac70\0;}<span class="green">/* 仅 Opera 有效 */ </span> }{}</span>
<br><br>
.bb, x:-moz-any-link, x:default{background-color:#4eff00;<span class="green">/*IE7、Firefox3.5及以下 识别 */</span>} <br>
@-moz-document url-prefix(){.bb{background-color:#4eff00;<span class="green">/*仅 Firefox 识别 */</span>}} <br>
* +html .bb{background-color:#a200ff;}<span class="green">/* 仅IE7 识别 */</span><br>
<br><span class="green">/* 一般情况下 我们区分IE7 只用 +background-color 配合 _background-color 就行了 
如果必须写 .bb, x:-moz-any-link, x:default 这样的代码区分 Firefox3.5及以下  则谨记此写法对IE7也有效,故在其中要再重写一次 +background-color
或者使用 * +html .bb{background-color:blue;} 方法仅对 IE7 有效。可使用 <span class="red">@-moz-document url-prefix(){}</span> 方法独立区分所有 firefox
*/</span><br>
<br>.browsers td{width:8%;text-align:center;padding:8px;}}
<br>.browsercolor{color:#333;font-size:18px;font-weight:bold;}
<br>.ie6{background-color:#1e0bd1}
<br>.ie7{background-color:#a200ff}
<br>.ie8{background-color:#00deff}
<br>.firefox{background-color:#4eff00}
<br>.opera{background-color:#4cac70}
<br>.other{background-color:#f1ee18;}
<br>
<br>#tipTable td,#tipTable th{border:1px solid black;width:56px;height:16px;text-align:center;}
<br>#wordTable td{margin-left:8px;}


<br>#firefoxTip{display:none;}
<br>#firefoxTip, x:-moz-any-link, x:default{display:block;<span class="green">/*IE7 firefox3.5及以下 识别 */</span>+display:none<span class="green">/*再区分一次IE7*/</span>} 


<br>@-moz-document url-prefix(){#firefoxTip{display:block;<span class="green">/*仅 firefox 识别 */</span>}}
<br>#ChromeTip{display:none;}


<br>@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){#ChromeTip{display:block;}}{} <span class="green">/* safari(Chrome) 有效 */</span>
<br>@media all and (min-width: 0px){#ChromeTip{display:none\0;} <span class="green">/* 仅 Opera 有效 */ }{}</span>
            </p>
</li>              <li class="pl-96"><span class="blue">&lt;/</span><span class="orange">style</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-72"><span class="blue">&lt;/</span><span class="orange">head</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-72"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">body</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-96"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">table </span><span class="red">class</span><span class="blue">="browsers" </span><span class="red">width</span><span class="blue">="100%" </span><span class="red">cellspacing</span><span class="blue">="0" </span><span class="red">cellpadding</span><span class="blue">="0"&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-120"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">tr</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;IE6&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;IE7&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li>        <li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;IE8&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;Firefox&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;Opera&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;Safari(Chrome)&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-120"><span class="blue">&lt;/</span><span class="orange">tr</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li>
<li class="pl-120"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">tr </span><span class="red">class</span><span class="blue">="browsercolor"&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span> <span class="red">class</span><span class="blue">="ie6"&gt;IE6&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span> <span class="red">class</span><span class="blue">="ie7"&gt;IE7&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li>        <li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span> <span class="red">class</span><span class="blue">="ie8"&gt;IE8&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span> <span class="red">class</span><span class="blue">="firefox"&gt;Firefox&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span> <span class="red">class</span><span class="blue">="opera"&gt;Opera&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span> <span class="red">class</span><span class="blue">="other"&gt;Safari(Chrome)&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-144"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="orange">td</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-120"><span class="blue">&lt;/</span><span class="orange">tr</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-96"><span class="blue">&lt;/</span><span class="orange">table</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-96"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">div </span><span class="red">class</span><span class="blue">="bb"&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-120"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">span </span><span class="red">style</span><span class="blue">="display:none;display:block\0;display:none\9;"&gt;Opera的辨别色是深绿色,Opera游览器很时髦么。&lt;/</span><span class="orange">span </span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-120"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">span </span><span class="red">id</span><span class="blue">="firefoxTip"&gt;Firefox的辨别色是浅绿色,Firefox是很强大的游览器。&lt;/</span><span class="orange">span </span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-120"><span class="blue">&lt;</span><span class="orange">span </span><span class="red">id</span><span class="blue">="ChromeTip"&gt;Safari和Chrome的辨别色是金黄色,Safari和Chrome使用的都是Webkit内核&lt;/</span><span class="orange">span </span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-120"><p class="blue">&lt;!--[if IE 8]&gt;IE8的辨别色是蓝色,新版IE8的功能可是不少呢。&lt;![endif]--&gt; </p></li><li class="pl-120"><p class="blue">&lt;!--[if IE 7]&gt;IE7的辨别色是紫色,IE7还可以凑合着用!&lt;![endif]--&gt; </p></li><li class="pl-120"><p class="blue">&lt;!--[if IE 6]&gt;IE6的辨别色是红色,不过,IE6可是有点落后了!&lt;![endif]--&gt; </p></li><li class="pl-96"><span class="blue">&lt;/</span><span class="orange">div</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li><li class="pl-72"><span class="blue">&lt;/</span><span class="orange">body</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li>        <li class="pl-48"><span class="blue">&lt;/</span><span class="orange">html</span><span class="blue">&gt;</span></li></ul>




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