RMAN实战10：完全恢复数据库

完全恢复是：恢复到故障前所有已经提交的事物。
必须满足下面条件：
1.处于归档模式
2.有良好基点备份
3.有上次备份操作后生成的所有重做日志
4.有上次备份操作后生成的所有归档重做日志
5.有必须的增量备份
6.有未归档的联机重做日志

预览用于恢复操作的备份restore <> preview

上一篇介绍了restore failure preview ，还可以在进行恢复得时候模拟演练下database、tablespace 、：

#整个库RMAN> restore database preview;Starting restore at 21-DEC-15using target database control file instead of recovery catalogallocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=6 device type=DISKallocated channel: ORA_DISK_2channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=35 device type=DISKList of Backup Sets===================BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------9       Full    599.67M    DISK        00:01:53     21-DEC-15              BP Key: 9   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20151221T185253        Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj6q1_.bkp  List of Datafiles in backup set 9  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----  1       Full 8870031    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/system01.dbf  3       Full 8870031    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/undotbs01.dbfBS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------10      Full    600.15M    DISK        00:02:03     21-DEC-15              BP Key: 10   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20151221T185253        Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj8dp_.bkp  List of Datafiles in backup set 10  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----  2       Full 8870032    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/sysaux01.dbf  4       Full 8870032    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/users01.dbfusing channel ORA_DISK_1using channel ORA_DISK_2List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name YANG=====================================================================Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time ------- ---- ------- - ---------361     1    425     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_425_c7hpnd6m_.arc362     1    426     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_426_c7hq44kw_.arc363     1    427     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_427_c7hr37mf_.arcMedia recovery start SCN is 8870031Recovery must be done beyond SCN 8870032 to clear datafile fuzzinessFinished restore at 21-DEC-15#表空间RMAN> restore tablespace system preview;Starting restore at 21-DEC-15using channel ORA_DISK_1using channel ORA_DISK_2List of Backup Sets===================BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------9       Full    599.67M    DISK        00:01:53     21-DEC-15              BP Key: 9   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20151221T185253        Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj6q1_.bkp  List of Datafiles in backup set 9  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----  1       Full 8870031    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/system01.dbfList of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name YANG=====================================================================Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time ------- ---- ------- - ---------361     1    425     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_425_c7hpnd6m_.arc362     1    426     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_426_c7hq44kw_.arc363     1    427     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_427_c7hr37mf_.arcMedia recovery start SCN is 8870031Recovery must be done beyond SCN 8870031 to clear datafile fuzzinessFinished restore at 21-DEC-15#归档日志RMAN> restore archivelog from time 'sysdate - 1' preview2> ;Starting restore at 21-DEC-15using channel ORA_DISK_1using channel ORA_DISK_2List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name YANG=====================================================================Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time ------- ---- ------- - ---------358     1    422     A 20-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_422_c7fobywf_.arc359     1    423     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_423_c7fv6b00_.arc360     1    424     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_424_c7hp7g32_.arc361     1    425     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_425_c7hpnd6m_.arc362     1    426     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_426_c7hq44kw_.arc363     1    427     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_427_c7hr37mf_.arcFinished restore at 21-DEC-15#数据文件RMAN> restore datafile 1,2,3 preview;Starting restore at 21-DEC-15using channel ORA_DISK_1using channel ORA_DISK_2List of Backup Sets===================BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------9       Full    599.67M    DISK        00:01:53     21-DEC-15              BP Key: 9   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20151221T185253        Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj6q1_.bkp  List of Datafiles in backup set 9  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----  1       Full 8870031    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/system01.dbf  3       Full 8870031    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/undotbs01.dbfBS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------10      Full    600.15M    DISK        00:02:03     21-DEC-15              BP Key: 10   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20151221T185253        Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj8dp_.bkp  List of Datafiles in backup set 10  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----  2       Full 8870032    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/sysaux01.dbfList of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name YANG=====================================================================Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time ------- ---- ------- - ---------361     1    425     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_425_c7hpnd6m_.arc362     1    426     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_426_c7hq44kw_.arc363     1    427     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_427_c7hr37mf_.arcMedia recovery start SCN is 8870031Recovery must be done beyond SCN 8870032 to clear datafile fuzzinessFinished restore at 21-DEC-15#概述，加入summaryRMAN> restore database preview summary;Starting restore at 21-DEC-15using channel ORA_DISK_1using channel ORA_DISK_2List of Backups===============Key     TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---9       B  F  A DISK        21-DEC-15       1       1       NO         TAG20151221T18525310      B  F  A DISK        21-DEC-15       1       1       NO         TAG20151221T185253List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name YANG=====================================================================Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time ------- ---- ------- - ---------361     1    425     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_425_c7hpnd6m_.arc362     1    426     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_426_c7hq44kw_.arc363     1    427     A 21-DEC-15        Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/archivelog/2015_12_21/o1_mf_1_427_c7hr37mf_.arcMedia recovery start SCN is 8870031Recovery must be done beyond SCN 8870032 to clear datafile fuzzinessFinished restore at 21-DEC-15

在恢复前检查备份文件

在恢复的时候可以起交易恢复文件的完整性，心里更有谱，以免恢复途中半途而废。

#交易备份片的中的恢复文件的头信息RMAN>  restore database validate header;Starting restore at 21-DEC-15using channel ORA_DISK_1using channel ORA_DISK_2List of Backup Sets===================BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------9       Full    599.67M    DISK        00:01:53     21-DEC-15              BP Key: 9   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20151221T185253        Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj6q1_.bkp  List of Datafiles in backup set 9  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----  1       Full 8870031    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/system01.dbf  3       Full 8870031    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/undotbs01.dbfBS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------10      Full    600.15M    DISK        00:02:03     21-DEC-15              BP Key: 10   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20151221T185253        Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj8dp_.bkp  List of Datafiles in backup set 10  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----  2       Full 8870032    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/sysaux01.dbf  4       Full 8870032    21-DEC-15 /oracle/oradata/yang/users01.dbfvalidation succeeded for backup pieceFinished restore at 21-DEC-15#进一步检查（物理检查）RMAN>  restore database validate;Starting restore at 21-DEC-15using channel ORA_DISK_1using channel ORA_DISK_2channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backup setchannel ORA_DISK_2: starting validation of datafile backup setchannel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj6q1_.bkpchannel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj8dp_.bkpchannel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj6q1_.bkp tag=TAG20151221T185253channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj8dp_.bkp tag=TAG20151221T185253channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1channel ORA_DISK_2: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36Finished restore at 21-DEC-15#前面两部都是坏块的检查，还可以进行逻辑层面的检查RMAN> restore database validate check logical;Starting restore at 21-DEC-15using channel ORA_DISK_1using channel ORA_DISK_2channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backup setchannel ORA_DISK_2: starting validation of datafile backup setchannel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj6q1_.bkpchannel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj8dp_.bkpchannel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj6q1_.bkp tag=TAG20151221T185253channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/oracle/flash_recovery_area/YANG/backupset/2015_12_21/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151221T185253_c7hpj8dp_.bkp tag=TAG20151221T185253channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1channel ORA_DISK_2: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45Finished restore at 21-DEC-15#来一些中文的，下面是在12C中根容器下的命令RMAN> restore database validate header;启动 restore 于 2015-12-21 19:45:52使用通道 ORA_DISK_1备份集列表===================BS 关键字  类型 LV 大小       设备类型 经过时间 完成时间------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------288     Full    1.25G      DISK        00:00:11     2015-12-21 18:42:12        BP 关键字: 297   状态: AVAILABLE  已压缩: NO  标记: TAG20151221T184200段名:C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOVS7Q_.BKP  备份集 288 中的数据文件列表  文件 LV 类型 Ckp SCN    Ckp 时间            名称  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----  1       Full 4378551    2015-12-21 18:42:01 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_BYCLTN26_.DBF  3       Full 4378551    2015-12-21 18:42:01 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSAUX_BYCLRWV7_.DBF  5       Full 4378551    2015-12-21 18:42:01 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_UNDOTBS1_BYCLWPHZ_.DBF  6       Full 4378551    2015-12-21 18:42:01 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_USERS_BYCLWOB1_.DBF  11      Full 4378551    2015-12-21 18:42:01 C:\APP\ORACLE\RECCATLODDIR\RECCAT01.DBFBS 关键字  类型 LV 大小       设备类型 经过时间 完成时间------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------289     Full    769.02M    DISK        00:00:09     2015-12-21 18:42:21        BP 关键字: 298   状态: AVAILABLE  已压缩: NO  标记: TAG20151221T184200段名:C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\809378F024254A0AAF1C7D06CC6D9706\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOW8P5_.BKP  备份集 289 中的数据文件列表  容器 ID: 3, PDB 名称: PYANG1  文件 LV 类型 Ckp SCN    Ckp 时间            名称  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----  7       Full 4204782    2015-12-19 13:52:03 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_BYCMNHWC_.DBF  8       Full 4204782    2015-12-19 13:52:03 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSAUX_BYCMNHW0_.DBF  9       Full 4204782    2015-12-19 13:52:03 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_USERS_BYCMNHWP_.DBF  10      Full 4204782    2015-12-19 13:52:03 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_EXAMPLE_BYCMNHVM_.DBF数据文件副本列表=======================关键字     文件 S 完成时间            Ckp SCN    Ckp 时间------- ---- - ------------------- ---------- -------------------64      2    A 2015-12-15 20:47:00 2453693    2015-09-02 00:18:43        名称: C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\A00BB53DE42D4A6C8AC2FCFA7944681C\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_C702Y2G9_.DBF        标记: INCUPDATE62      4    A 2015-12-15 20:46:52 2453693    2015-09-02 00:18:43        名称: C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\A00BB53DE42D4A6C8AC2FCFA7944681C\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSAUX_C702XR3H_.DBF        标记: INCUPDATE对数据文件副本和控制文件副本的验证成功对备份片段的验证成功完成 restore 于 2015-12-21 19:45:53RMAN> restore database validate ;启动 restore 于 2015-12-21 19:46:51使用通道 ORA_DISK_1通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在扫描数据文件副本 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\A00BB53DE42D4A6C8AC2FCFA7944681C\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_C702Y2G9_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在扫描数据文件副本 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\A00BB53DE42D4A6C8AC2FCFA7944681C\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSAUX_C702XR3H_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在开始验证数据文件备份集通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在读取备份片段 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOVS7Q_.BKP通道 ORA_DISK_1: 段句柄 = C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOVS7Q_.BKP 标记 = TAG20151221T184200通道 ORA_DISK_1: 已还原备份片段 1通道 ORA_DISK_1: 验证完成, 用时: 00:00:04通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在开始验证数据文件备份集通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在读取备份片段 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\809378F024254A0AAF1C7D06CC6D9706\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOW8P5_.BKP通道 ORA_DISK_1: 段句柄 = C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\809378F024254A0AAF1C7D06CC6D9706\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOW8P5_.BKP 标记 = TAG20151221T184200通道 ORA_DISK_1: 已还原备份片段 1通道 ORA_DISK_1: 验证完成, 用时: 00:00:03完成 restore 于 2015-12-21 19:47:02RMAN> restore database validate check logical;启动 restore 于 2015-12-21 19:47:14使用通道 ORA_DISK_1通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在扫描数据文件副本 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\A00BB53DE42D4A6C8AC2FCFA7944681C\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_C702Y2G9_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在扫描数据文件副本 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\A00BB53DE42D4A6C8AC2FCFA7944681C\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSAUX_C702XR3H_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在开始验证数据文件备份集通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在读取备份片段 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOVS7Q_.BKP通道 ORA_DISK_1: 段句柄 = C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOVS7Q_.BKP 标记 = TAG20151221T184200通道 ORA_DISK_1: 已还原备份片段 1通道 ORA_DISK_1: 验证完成, 用时: 00:00:03通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在开始验证数据文件备份集通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在读取备份片段 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\809378F024254A0AAF1C7D06CC6D9706\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOW8P5_.BKP通道 ORA_DISK_1: 段句柄 = C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\809378F024254A0AAF1C7D06CC6D9706\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOW8P5_.BKP 标记 = TAG20151221T184200通道 ORA_DISK_1: 已还原备份片段 1通道 ORA_DISK_1: 验证完成, 用时: 00:00:03完成 restore 于 2015-12-21 19:47:24RMAN>

其他的检查:

RMAN> restore datafile 1,2,3 validate;RMAN> restore archivelog all validate;RMAN> restore controlfile validate;RMAN> restore tablespace system validate;

演示一个恢复控制文件的例子

主要演示：
1. 关闭数据库，启动到nomount、mount模式进行恢复的结果
2. 恢复控制文件
3. 恢复控制文件open数据库遇到的各种问题
4. 进行数据库还原、恢复、open过程

来说明数据库恢复助手也不是万能的，恢复信息保存到控制文件中。

#1.关闭数据库，启动到nomount模式RMAN> shutdown immediate;数据库已关闭数据库已卸装Oracle 实例已关闭RMAN> startup nomount;已连接到目标数据库 (未启动)Oracle 实例已启动系统全局区域总计    1560281088 字节Fixed Size                     3046032 字节Variable Size                939525488 字节Database Buffers             603979776 字节Redo Buffers                  13729792 字节#2. 恢复控制文件，并更改数据库状态为mount模式RMAN> restore controlfile from autobackup;启动 restore 于 2015-12-21 20:26:44分配的通道: ORA_DISK_1通道 ORA_DISK_1: SID=242 设备类型=DISK恢复区目标: C:\app\oracle\fast_recovery_area用于搜索的数据库名 (或数据库的唯一名称): CYANG通道 ORA_DISK_1: 在恢复区中找到 AUTOBACKUP C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\AUTOBACKUP\2015_12_21\O1_MF_S_899059360_C7HOX0Q3_.BKP通道 ORA_DISK_1: 寻找以下日期的 AUTOBACKUP: 20151221通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在从 AUTOBACKUP C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\AUTOBACKUP\2015_12_21\O1_MF_S_899059360_C7HOX0Q3_.BKP 还原控制文件通道 ORA_DISK_1: 从 AUTOBACKUP 还原控制文件已完成输出文件名=C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\CONTROLFILE\O1_MF_BYCM08MV_.CTL输出文件名=C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\CONTROLFILE\O1_MF_BYCM08PY_.CTL完成 restore 于 2015-12-21 20:26:47RMAN> alter database mount;已处理语句释放的通道: ORA_DISK_1#3. 直接打开数据库，提示需要reset选项RMAN> alter database open;RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: sql statement 命令 (在 12/21/2015 20:27:38 上) 失败ORA-01589: 要打开数据库则必须使用 RESETLOGS 或 NORESETLOGS 选项#4. 用resetlog打开数据报错RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: sql statement 命令 (在 12/21/2015 20:28:22 上) 失败ORA-01152: 文件 1 没有从过旧的备份中还原ORA-01110: 数据文件 1: 'C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_BYCLTN26_.DBF'#5. 关闭实例，不开启直接还原数据库报错，需要启动到nomount模式，启动到nomount进行还原还是报错RMAN> shutdown abort;Oracle 实例已关闭RMAN> restore database;启动 restore 于 2015-12-21 20:29:04RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: restore 命令 (在 12/21/2015 20:29:04 上) 失败RMAN-12010: 自动通道分配初始化失败RMAN-06171: 没有连接到目标数据库RMAN> startup nomount;已连接到目标数据库 (未启动)Oracle 实例已启动系统全局区域总计    1560281088 字节Fixed Size                     3046032 字节Variable Size                939525488 字节Database Buffers             603979776 字节Redo Buffers                  13729792 字节RMAN> restore database;启动 restore 于 2015-12-21 20:29:55分配的通道: ORA_DISK_1通道 ORA_DISK_1: SID=242 设备类型=DISKRMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: restore 命令 (在 12/21/2015 20:29:55 上) 失败ORA-01507: 未装载数据库#6. 需要启动到mount模式，还原成功。因为需要读取其中的控制文件RMAN> alter database mount;已处理语句释放的通道: ORA_DISK_1RMAN> restore database;启动 restore 于 2015-12-21 20:30:11启动 implicit crosscheck backup 于 2015-12-21 20:30:11分配的通道: ORA_DISK_1通道 ORA_DISK_1: SID=242 设备类型=DISK已交叉检验的 14 对象完成 implicit crosscheck backup 于 2015-12-21 20:30:11启动 implicit crosscheck copy 于 2015-12-21 20:30:11使用通道 ORA_DISK_1已交叉检验的 2 对象完成 implicit crosscheck copy 于 2015-12-21 20:30:12搜索恢复区中的所有文件正在编制文件目录...目录编制完毕已列入目录的文件的列表=======================文件名: C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\AUTOBACKUP\2015_12_21\O1_MF_S_899059360_C7HOX0Q3_.BKP使用通道 ORA_DISK_1正在略过数据文件 2; 已还原到文件 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_BYCM0ZWL_.DBF正在略过数据文件 4; 已还原到文件 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSAUX_BYCM0ZW8_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在开始还原数据文件备份集通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在指定从备份集还原的数据文件通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00001 还原到 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_BYCLTN26_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00003 还原到 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSAUX_BYCLRWV7_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00005 还原到 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_UNDOTBS1_BYCLWPHZ_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00006 还原到 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_USERS_BYCLWOB1_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00011 还原到 C:\APP\ORACLE\RECCATLODDIR\RECCAT01.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在读取备份片段 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOVS7Q_.BKP通道 ORA_DISK_1: 段句柄 = C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOVS7Q_.BKP 标记 = TAG20151221T184200通道 ORA_DISK_1: 已还原备份片段 1通道 ORA_DISK_1: 还原完成, 用时: 00:00:25通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在开始还原数据文件备份集通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在指定从备份集还原的数据文件通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00007 还原到 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_BYCMNHWC_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00008 还原到 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSAUX_BYCMNHW0_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00009 还原到 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_USERS_BYCMNHWP_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00010 还原到 C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_EXAMPLE_BYCMNHVM_.DBF通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在读取备份片段 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\809378F024254A0AAF1C7D06CC6D9706\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOW8P5_.BKP通道 ORA_DISK_1: 段句柄 = C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\809378F024254A0AAF1C7D06CC6D9706\BACKUPSET\2015_12_21\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20151221T184200_C7HOW8P5_.BKP 标记 = TAG20151221T184200通道 ORA_DISK_1: 已还原备份片段 1通道 ORA_DISK_1: 还原完成, 用时: 00:00:15完成 restore 于 2015-12-21 20:30:53#7. 进行测试恢复，请用恢复顾问的建议，结果不可行执行进行恢复操作。只能恢复数据，用resetlogs打开数据库RMAN> recover database test;启动 recover 于 2015-12-21 20:31:00使用通道 ORA_DISK_1正在开始介质的恢复线程 1 序列 88 的归档日志已作为文件 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\ARCHIVELOG\2015_12_21\O1_MF_1_88_C7HOWZ1V_.ARC 存在于磁盘上线程 1 序列 89 的归档日志已作为文件 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_2_BYCM0FTX_.LOG 存在于磁盘上归档日志文件名=C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\ARCHIVELOG\2015_12_21\O1_MF_1_88_C7HOWZ1V_.ARC 线程=1 序列=88归档日志文件名=C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_2_BYCM0FTX_.LOG 线程=1 序列=89RMAN-11006: 警告: 测试恢复结果:ORA-10574: Test recovery did not corrupt any data blockORA-10573: Test recovery tested redo from change 4378551 to 4380936ORA-10572: Test recovery canceled due to errorsORA-10585: Test recovery can not apply redo that may modify control file介质恢复完成, 用时: 00:00:00完成 recover 于 2015-12-21 20:31:01#用RMAN看看出了什么问题RMAN> list failure;数据库角色: PRIMARY数据库故障列表=========================失败 ID 优先级状态    检测时间            概要------- -------- --------- ------------------- -------9145    CRITICAL OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 系统数据文件 1: 'C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_BYCLTN26_.DBF' 需要介质恢复9142    CRITICAL OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 控制文件需要介质恢复9148    HIGH     OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 一个或多个非系统数据文件需要介质恢复#看下详细的信息RMAN> list failure 9148 detail;数据库角色: PRIMARY数据库故障列表=========================失败 ID 优先级状态    检测时间            概要------- -------- --------- ------------------- -------9148    HIGH     OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 一个或多个非系统数据文件需要介质恢复  影响: 请参阅单个子故障的影响  父故障 ID 9148 的子故障列表  失败 ID 优先级状态    检测时间            概要  ------- -------- --------- ------------------- -------  9190    HIGH     OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 数据文件 11: 'C:\APP\ORACLE\RECCATLODDIR\RECCAT01.DBF' 需要介质恢复    影响: 表空间 RECCAT 中的某些对象可能不可用  9163    HIGH     OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 数据文件 6: 'C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_USERS_BYCLWOB1_.DBF' 需要介质恢复    影响: 表空间 USERS 中的某些对象可能不可用  9157    HIGH     OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 数据文件 5: 'C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_UNDOTBS1_BYCLWPHZ_.DBF' 需要介质恢复    影响: 表空间 UNDOTBS1 中的某些对象可能不可用  9151    HIGH     OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 数据文件 3: 'C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\CYANG\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSAUX_BYCLRWV7_.DBF' 需要介质恢复    影响: 表空间 SYSAUX 中的某些对象可能不可用#采用恢复助手的建议RMAN> advise failure ;RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: advise 命令 (在 12/21/2015 20:37:15 上) 失败RMAN-07259: 存在 2 个严重故障; 无法从 ADVISE FAILURE 中排除RMAN> advise failure 9148;RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: advise 命令 (在 12/21/2015 20:37:41 上) 失败RMAN-07259: 存在 2 个严重故障; 无法从 ADVISE FAILURE 中排除#直接进行恢复RMAN> recover database;启动 recover 于 2015-12-21 20:38:15使用通道 ORA_DISK_1正在开始介质的恢复线程 1 序列 88 的归档日志已作为文件 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\ARCHIVELOG\2015_12_21\O1_MF_1_88_C7HOWZ1V_.ARC 存在于磁盘上线程 1 序列 89 的归档日志已作为文件 C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_2_BYCM0FTX_.LOG 存在于磁盘上归档日志文件名=C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\ARCHIVELOG\2015_12_21\O1_MF_1_88_C7HOWZ1V_.ARC 线程=1 序列=88归档日志文件名=C:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\CYANG\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_2_BYCM0FTX_.LOG 线程=1 序列=89介质恢复完成, 用时: 00:00:01完成 recover 于 2015-12-21 20:38:17#再次显示故障信息RMAN> list failure;数据库角色: PRIMARY数据库故障列表=========================失败 ID 优先级状态    检测时间            概要------- -------- --------- ------------------- -------9142    CRITICAL OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 控制文件需要介质恢复RMAN> list failure 9142;数据库角色: PRIMARY数据库故障列表=========================失败 ID 优先级状态    检测时间            概要------- -------- --------- ------------------- -------9142    CRITICAL OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 控制文件需要介质恢复RMAN> list failure 9142 detail;数据库角色: PRIMARY数据库故障列表=========================失败 ID 优先级状态    检测时间            概要------- -------- --------- ------------------- -------9142    CRITICAL OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 控制文件需要介质恢复  影响: 无法打开数据库RMAN> advise failure 9142;数据库角色: PRIMARY数据库故障列表=========================失败 ID 优先级状态    检测时间            概要------- -------- --------- ------------------- -------9142    CRITICAL OPEN      2015-12-21 20:28:23 控制文件需要介质恢复正在分析自动修复选项; 这可能需要一些时间使用通道 ORA_DISK_1分析自动修复选项完成必需的手动操作========================1. 如果有控制文件的正确版本, 则关闭数据库并替换旧的控制文件2. 如果无法执行上述建议, 或者这些建议无法修复选定要修复的故障, 请与 Oracle 技术支持服务联系可选手动操作=======================没有可用的手动操作自动修复选项========================没有可用的自动修复选项RMAN> alter database open;RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: sql statement 命令 (在 12/21/2015 20:40:18 上) 失败ORA-01589: 要打开数据库则必须使用 RESETLOGS 或 NORESETLOGS 选项#不重置数据库联机日志打开数据库RMAN> alter database open  NORESETLOGS;RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: sql statement 命令 (在 12/21/2015 20:41:49 上) 失败ORA-01588: 要打开数据库则必须使用 RESETLOGS 选项#重置数据库联机日志RMAN> alter database open  resetlogs;已处理语句RMAN>