安卓天气应用

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最近在弄一个安卓天气应用.前几天下了不少天气应用,有商业公司的,也有个人的,用起来都不太好,不是无用的功能太多就是不符合我的审美观,我只是想看下天气而已,我想看的时候看下.不想让天气应用老是来烦我,其实现在上网查天气也是很方便的,不过既然在学安卓开发,就做个自己想要的天气应用.
天气应用不算复杂,前提是你不想把它做得太复杂,要是想把它做得复杂,加上各种各样的功能也是可以让天气应用变得很复杂,我只想要 一个简单的能查天气和天气预报的应用,所以逻辑比较简单.从网上获取天气,然后将天气显示出来就可以了,这貌似是废话,现在的大部分应用不是这样吗?从网上获取数据,然后把数据显示出来,再根据应用的特点,添加和数据互动的功能.

获取天气数据源

要做天气应用,第一个要解决的问题是天气数据的来源.在国内最权威的来源当然是中国天气网,中国所有的天气数据都在那里,在各种网上看到的各种天气信息基本上都是从那里来的.而且中国天气网现在的气象数据接口免费开放,以前是要收钱的,现在免费开发,只要注册账号,成为开发者,获取API ,就能获取几乎所有的天气数据了,不过这个注册有点坑,我注册了,审核还没有通过,不知道什么时候能通过中国天气网气象数据开放平台地址,点进去就能注册了.前几天比较坑,不知道是什么情况,我一点注册就无法连接到服务器,刚刚写博客的时候想起了这件事,点进去看了下,竟然点进去了,所以说我是刚刚才注册的,注册的时候要填身份证,还要上传证件照片,还要填使用API的服务器IP,还是必填项,没有服务器怎么办?我也不知道,我前几天买了三个月的个阿里云ECS,就把那个IP填上去了,不知道审核能不能通过.当然除了中国天气网的数据,还有其他的第三方数据中心,新浪百度都有开放API,关于其他第三方的API,给两个知乎的链接,有较详细的回答网上的天气API哪一个更可靠,有哪些免费开放且收录城市较完整的天气 API 接口这两个回答都有比较详细的介绍,这里不再多做介绍.我现在用的是和风天气提供的API,这个数据比较全,有免费的,不过有次数限制,不想注册的,点这里,百度API Store,这个也不错.具体选哪个数据来源,就看个人喜好了.中国气象网开放数据平台的数据当然是最权威的,不过我太好获取,等我审核通过了,我再试下它的数据。

使用和风天气的数据

 先看下和风天气返回的json数据,和风天气的数据很全,但是pm2.5这类数据只有一些大城市有,很多城市没有,除了这点外,其他数据都有。调用方法官网上有详细说明,这里只看下它的数据内容
 

{  "HeWeather data service 3.0":[     {    "aqi":                  空气质量指数        {"city":            城市数据            {"aqi":"110",       空气质量指数            "co":"1",           一氧化碳            "no2":"60",         二氧化碳            "o3":"28",          臭氧            "pm10":"103",       pm10            "pm25":"82",        pm2.5            "qlty":"轻度污染",  空气质量类别            "so2":"14"      二氧化硫        }    },    basic":{                城市基本信息        "city":"广州",            城市名称        "cnty":"中国",            国家名称        "id":"CN101280101",     城市id        "lat":"23.108000",      城市经度        "lon":"113.265000",     城市纬度        "update":{          数据更新时间            "loc":"2015-12-21 15:08", 数据更新的当地时间            "utc":"2015-12-21 07:08"  数据更新的标准时间         }    },    "daily_forecast":[          天气预报        {            "astro":{       天文数值                "sr":"07:03",   日出时间                "ss":"17:46"    日落时间            },            "cond":{        天气状况                "code_d":"305", 白天天气代码                "code_n":"104", 晚上天气代码                "txt_d":"小雨", 白天天气描述                "txt_n":"" 晚上天气描述            },            "date":"2015-12-21",    当地日期            "hum":"67",     湿度            "pcpn":"0.0",       降雨量            "pop":"38",     降水概率            "pres":"1021",      气压            "tmp":{         温度                "max":"19", 最高                "min":"16"  最低            },            "vis":"10",     能见度                 "wind":{        风力状况                "deg":"65", 风向(角度)                "dir":"无持续风向",  风向(方向)                "sc":"微风",  风力等级                    "spd":"0"   风速            }        },        {            "astro":{                "sr":"07:03",                "ss":"17:46"            },            "cond":{                "code_d":"104",                "code_n":"104",                "txt_d":"",                "txt_n":""            },            "date":"2015-12-22",            "hum":"86",            "pcpn":"1.3",            "pop":"87",            "pres":"1021",            "tmp":{                "max":"21",                "min":"18"            },            "vis":"9",            "wind":{                "deg":"49",                "dir":"无持续风向",                "sc":"微风",                "spd":"9"            }        },        {            "astro":{                "sr":"07:04",                "ss":"17:47"            },            "cond":{                "code_d":"101",                "code_n":"101",                "txt_d":"多云",                "txt_n":"多云"            },            "date":"2015-12-23",            "hum":"73",            "pcpn":"0.2",            "pop":"0",            "pres":"1016",            "tmp":{                "max":"23",                "min":"18"            },            "vis":"10",            "wind":{                "deg":"183",                "dir":"无持续风向",                "sc":"微风",                "spd":"6"            }        },        {            "astro":{                "sr":"07:04",                "ss":"17:47"            },            "cond":{                "code_d":"101",                "code_n":"305",                "txt_d":"多云",                "txt_n":"小雨"            },            "date":"2015-12-24",            "hum":"64",            "pcpn":"0.3",            "pop":"55",            "pres":"1016",            "tmp":{                "max":"17",                "min":"12"            },            "vis":"10",            "wind":{                "deg":"187",                "dir":"北风",                "sc":"3-4",                "spd":"12"            }        },        {            "astro":{                "sr":"07:05",                "ss":"17:48"            },            "cond":{                "code_d":"305",                "code_n":"101",                "txt_d":"小雨",                "txt_n":"多云"            },            "date":"2015-12-25",            "hum":"82",            "pcpn":"7.7",            "pop":"63",            "pres":"1021",            "tmp":{"                max":"16",                "min":"11"            },            "vis":"9",            "wind":{                "deg":"358",                "dir":"北风",                "sc":"3-4",                "spd":"10"            }        },        {            "astro":{                "sr":"07:05",                "ss":"17:48"            },            "cond":{                "code_d":"101",                "code_n":"101",                "txt_d":"多云",                "txt_n":"多云"            },            "date":"2015-12-26",            "hum":"82",            "pcpn":"1.8",            "pop":"55",            "pres":"1022",            "tmp":{                "max":"18",                "min":"12"            },            "vis":"2",            "wind":{                "deg":"11",                "dir":"无持续风向",                "sc":"微风",                "spd":"4"            }        },        {            "astro":{                "sr":"07:06",                "ss":"17:49"            },            "cond":{                "code_d":"101",                "code_n":"305",                "txt_d":"多云",                "txt_n":"小雨"            },            "date":"2015-12-27",            "hum":"76",            "pcpn":"0.7",            "pop":"43",            "pres":"1022",            "tmp":{                "max":"18",                "min":"12"            },            "vis":"10",            "wind":{"                deg":"112",                "dir":"无持续风向",                "sc":"微风",                "spd":"1"            }        }    ],    "hourly_forecast":[         每小时天气预报        {            "date":"2015-12-21 16:00",  当地日期和时间            "hum":"70",         湿度            "pop":"3",          降水概率            "pres":"1021",          压力            "tmp":"23",         温度            "wind":{            风力状况                "deg":"93",     风向(角度)                "dir":"东风",     风向(方向)                "sc":"微风",      风力等级                "spd":"6"       风速            }        },        {            "date":"2015-12-21 19:00",              "hum":"80",            "pop":"1",            "pres":"1021",            "tmp":"20",            "wind":{                "deg":"36",                "dir":"东北风",                "sc":"微风",                "spd":"3"            }        },        {            "date":"2015-12-21 22:00",            "hum":"85",            "pop":"1",            "pres":"1022",            "tmp":"18",            "wind":{                "deg":"55",                "dir":"东北风",                "sc":"微风",                "spd":"2"            }        }    ],    "now":{                 现在天气        "cond":{            天气状况            "code":"300",       天气代码            "txt":"阵雨"      天气描述        },        "fl":"18",          体感温度        "hum":"74",         湿度        "pcpn":"0",         降雨量        "pres":"1020",          压力        "tmp":"17",         温度        "vis":"7",          能见度        "wind":{            风力状况\           "deg":"70",     风向(角度)            "dir":"西风",     风向(方向)            "sc":"3-4",     风力等级            "spd":"11"      风速            }        },    "status":"ok",          状态    "suggestion":{"         建议        comf":{         舒适度            "brf":"舒适", 简介            "txt":"白天不太热也不太冷,风力不大,相信您在这样的天气条件下,应会感到比较清爽和舒适。"    详情            },        "cw":{          洗车指数            "brf":"不宜",             "txt":"不宜洗车,未来24小时内有雨,如果在此期间洗车,雨水和路上的泥水可能会再次弄脏您的爱车。"            },        "drsg":{        穿衣指数                "brf":"较舒适",            "txt":"建议着薄外套、开衫牛仔衫裤等服装。年老体弱者应适当添加衣物,宜着夹克衫、薄毛衣等。"            },        "flu":{         感冒指数            "brf":"较易发",            "txt":"天气较凉,较易发生感冒,请适当增加衣服。体质较弱的朋友尤其应该注意防护。"            },        "sport":{       运动指数            "brf":"较不宜",            "txt":"有降水,推荐您在室内进行各种健身休闲运动,若坚持户外运动,须注意保暖并携带雨具。"            },        "trav":{        旅行指数            "brf":"适宜",            "txt":"温度适宜,又有较弱降水和微风作伴,会给您的旅行带来意想不到的景象,适宜旅游,可不要错过机会呦!"            },        "uv":{          紫外线指数            "brf":"最弱",            "txt":"属弱紫外线辐射天气,无需特别防护。若长期在户外,建议涂擦SPF在8-12之间的防晒护肤品。"            }        }    } ]}

内容不少,不算太复杂,最外面是一个jsonObject,里面一个jsonArray的值,jsonArray里又有几个jsonObject,jsonArray。返回的信息分为返回结果(status),城市基本信息(basic),未来几日天气预报(daily_forecast),未来几小时天气预报(hourly_forecast),当前天气状态(now),建议(suggestion)。

使用jsonObejct解析数据

本次获取的json数据比较复杂,用jsonObject解析代码量会比较大,不过很直观,下面代码演示用jsonObject解析天气信息,一般来说,不会用jsonObject解析复杂的json数据,容易出错,代码量也大,代码如下。

package com.ykkj.goodweather.util;import android.util.Log;import com.ykkj.goodweather.model.WeatherInfo;import org.json.JSONArray;import org.json.JSONException;import org.json.JSONObject;/** * 使用jsonObject解析天气数据 */public class JsonTool {    public static void parseJsonWithJsonObejct(String jsonData) throws JSONException {        JSONObject jsonObjWeatherInfo = getHead(jsonData);//获取jsonArray里的jsonObject        String status = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getString("status");//获取返回结果        if (status.equals("ok")){//返回结果为"ok"表示成功获取天气数据            //获取基本信息,基本信息为jsonObject            JSONObject jsonObjBasic = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.BASIC);            //获取未来七日天气预报,该数据为jsonArray            JSONArray jsonArrDailyForecast = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONArray(WeatherInfo.DAILY_FORECAST);            //获取未来3小时天气预报,该数据为jsonArray            JSONArray jsonArrHourlyForecast = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONArray(WeatherInfo.HOURLY_FORECAT);            //获取当前天气状况            JSONObject jsonObjNow = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.NOW);            //获取出行建议            JSONObject jsonObjSuggestion = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.SUGGESTION);            //解析基本信息            parseBasic(jsonObjBasic);            //解析未来7日天气预报            parseDailyForecast(jsonArrDailyForecast);            //解析未来3小时天气预报            parseHourlyForecast(jsonArrHourlyForecast);            //解析当前天气状况            parseNow(jsonObjNow);            //解析出行建议            parseSuggestion(jsonObjSuggestion);            //获取空气质量指数            JSONObject jsonObjAqi = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.AQI);        }    }    //解析基本信息    private static void parseBasic(JSONObject jsonObjBasic) throws JSONException {        String city = jsonObjBasic.getString(WeatherInfo.CITY);        String cnty = jsonObjBasic.getString(WeatherInfo.CNTY);        String id = jsonObjBasic.getString(WeatherInfo.ID);        String lat = jsonObjBasic.getString(WeatherInfo.LAT);        String lon = jsonObjBasic.getString(WeatherInfo.LON);        JSONObject jsonObjUpdate = jsonObjBasic.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.UPDATE);        String loc = jsonObjUpdate.getString(WeatherInfo.LOC);        String utc = jsonObjUpdate.getString(WeatherInfo.UTC);        Log.d("json","城市基本信息 城市名字"  + city + "\n 所属国家 " + cnty +                "\n 编号 " + id + "\n 经度 " + lat + "\n 纬度 " + lon +                "\n 更新时间 " + loc);    }    //解析未来7日天气预报    private static void parseDailyForecast(JSONArray jsonArrDailyForecast) throws JSONException {        for (int i = 0 ; i < jsonArrDailyForecast.length();i++){            JSONObject object = jsonArrDailyForecast.getJSONObject(i);            JSONObject jsonObjAstro = object.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.ASTRO);            JSONObject jsonObjCnd = object.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.COND);            JSONObject jsonObjTmp = object.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.TMP);            JSONObject jsonObjWIND = object.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.WIND);            String sunRaise = jsonObjAstro.getString(WeatherInfo.SR);            String sunShine = jsonObjAstro.getString(WeatherInfo.SS);            String codeDay = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.CODE_D);            String codeNight = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.CODE_N);            String textDay = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.TEXT_D);            String textNight = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.TEXT_N);            String date = object.getString(WeatherInfo.DATE);            String hum = object.getString(WeatherInfo.HUM);            String pcpn = object.getString(WeatherInfo.PCPN);            String pop = object.getString(WeatherInfo.POP);            String pres = object.getString(WeatherInfo.PRES);            String vis = object.getString(WeatherInfo.VIS);            String max = jsonObjTmp.getString(WeatherInfo.MAX );            String min = jsonObjTmp.getString(WeatherInfo.MIN);            String deg = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DEG);            String dir = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DIR);            String sc = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SC);            String spd = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SPD);            Log.d("json" ,date + " 天气信息 \n" + " 最高温度 "+ max + " 最低温度 " + min  + "\n" +                    "  湿度 " + hum + " 降水概率 " + pop + " 降雨量 " + pcpn + " 气压 " + pres + "\n" +                    " 能见度 " + vis + "\n 日出时间 " + sunRaise + " 日落时间 " + sunShine + "\n"+                    " \n 白天天气状况 " + textDay + " 晚上天气状况 " + textNight + "\n" +                    " 风向 " + dir + " " + sc + " " + spd);        }    }    //解析未来3小时天气预报    private static void parseHourlyForecast(JSONArray jsonArrHourlyForecast) throws JSONException {        for (int i = 0 ;i < jsonArrHourlyForecast.length() ;i++){            JSONObject object = jsonArrHourlyForecast.getJSONObject(i);            JSONObject jsonObjWIND = object.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.WIND);            String date = object.getString(WeatherInfo.DATE);            String hum = object.getString(WeatherInfo.HUM);            String pop = object.getString(WeatherInfo.POP);            String pres = object.getString(WeatherInfo.PRES);            String tmp = object.getString(WeatherInfo.TMP);            String deg = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DEG);            String dir = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DIR);            String sc = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SC);            String spd = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SPD);            Log.d("json" ,date + " 天气信息 \n" +                    "  湿度 " + hum + " 降水概率 " + pop +  " 气压 " + pres + "\n" +                    " 风向 " + dir + " " + sc + " " + spd);        }    }    //解析当前天气状况    private static void parseNow(JSONObject jsonObjNow) throws JSONException {        JSONObject jsonObjCnd = jsonObjNow.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.COND);        JSONObject jsonObjWIND = jsonObjNow.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.WIND);        String text = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);        String code = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.CODE);        String feel = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.FEEL);        String hum = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.HUM);        String pcpn = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.PCPN);        String pres = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.PRES);        String vis = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.VIS);        String tmp = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.TMP);        String deg = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DEG);        String dir = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DIR);        String sc = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SC);        String spd = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SPD);        Log.d("json" ," 当前天气状态 \n" +                "  湿度 " + hum + " 降水量 " + pcpn +  " 气压 " + pres + "\n" +                " 能见度 " + vis + " 温度 " + tmp +                "\n 天气状态 " + text + " 天气代码 " + code + " 体感温度 " + feel+                "\n 风向 " + dir + " " + sc + " " + spd);    }    //解析出行建议    private static void parseSuggestion(JSONObject jsonObjSuggestion) throws JSONException {        JSONObject jsonObjComf = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.COMF);        JSONObject jsonObjCw = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.CW);        JSONObject jsonObjDrag = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.DRSG);        JSONObject jsonObjFlu = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.FLU);        JSONObject jsonObjSport = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.SPORT);        JSONObject jsonObjTrav = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.TRAV);        JSONObject jsonObjUv = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.UV);        String comfBref = jsonObjComf.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);        String comfTxt = jsonObjComf.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);        String cwBref = jsonObjCw.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);        String cwTxt = jsonObjCw.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);        String dragBref = jsonObjDrag.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);        String dragTxt = jsonObjDrag.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);        String fluBref = jsonObjFlu.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);        String fluTxt = jsonObjFlu.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);        String sporBref = jsonObjSport.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);        String sportTxt = jsonObjSport.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);        String travBref = jsonObjTrav.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);        String travTxt = jsonObjTrav.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);        String uvBref = jsonObjUv.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);        String uvTxt = jsonObjUv.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);        Log.d("json","出行建议\n" + "舒适度 " + comfBref + " " + comfTxt + "\n" +                " 洗车指数 " + cwBref + " " + cwTxt + "\n" +                " 穿衣指数 " + dragBref + " " + dragTxt + "\n" +                " 感冒指数 " + fluBref + " " + fluTxt +" \n" +                " 运动指数 " + sporBref + " " + sportTxt + "\n" +                " 旅行指数 " + travBref + " " + travTxt + "\n" +                " 紫外线指数 " + uvBref + " " + uvTxt);    }    //获取jsonArray中的第一个jsonObject    private static JSONObject getHead(String jsonData) {        JSONObject result = null;        try {            JSONObject object = new JSONObject(jsonData);            JSONArray jsonArrWeatherInfo = object.getJSONArray(WeatherInfo.SERVICE_NAME);            result = jsonArrWeatherInfo.getJSONObject(0);        } catch (JSONException e) {            e.printStackTrace();            Log.e("err","err");        }        return result;    }}

代码中将使用的字符串放到了一个类中,代码如下

package com.ykkj.goodweather.model;/** * Created by buniaowanfeng on 15-12-22. */public class WeatherInfo {    public static final String SERVICE_NAME = "HeWeather data service 3.0";    public static final String AQI = "aqi";    public static final String BASIC = "basic";    public static final String DAILY_FORECAST = "daily_forecast";    public static final String HOURLY_FORECAT = "hourly_forecast";    public static final String NOW = "now";    public static final String SUGGESTION = "suggestion";    public static final String CITY = "city";    public static final String CNTY  = "cnty";    public static final String ID = "id";    public static final String LAT = "lat";    public static final String LON = "lon";    public static final String UPDATE = "update";    public static final String LOC = "loc";    public static final String UTC = "utc";    public static final String ASTRO = "astro";    public static final String COND = "cond";    public static final String TMP = "tmp";    public static final String WIND = "wind";    public static final String SR = "sr";    public static final String SS = "ss";    public static final String CODE_D = "code_d";    public static final String CODE_N = "code_n";    public static final String TEXT_D = "txt_d";    public static final String TEXT_N = "txt_n";    public static final String DATE = "date";    public static final String HUM = "hum";    public static final String PCPN = "pcpn";    public static final String POP = "pop";    public static final String PRES = "pres";    public static final String MAX = "max";    public static final String MIN = "min";    public static final String VIS = "vis";    public static final String DEG = "deg";    public static final String DIR = "dir";    public static final String SC = "sc";    public static final String SPD = "spd";    public static final String TXT = "txt";    public static final String CODE = "code";    public static final String FEEL = "fl";    public static final String COMF = "comf";    public static final String CW = "cw";    public static final String DRSG ="drsg";    public static final String FLU = "flu";    public static final String SPORT = "sport";    public static final String TRAV = "trav";    public static final String UV = "uv";    public static final String BRF = "brf";}
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