ABAP-动态内表

动态内表的创建和使用主要有以下几点：

1.动态内表的创建，首先要定义动态结构，然后再根据定义的动态结构利用系统一个标准的method：”cl_alv_table_create=>create_dynamic_table“生成动态内表。

2.动态内表的赋值，遍历动态结构，获取指定的字段，然后给指定的字段赋值。

3.动态内表的读取显示，与赋值相似，遍历动态结构，获取指定的字段，然后读取对应字段的值。

具体实现方法如下所示：

定义：

 

FIELD-SYMBOLS:<dyn_table> TYPE STANDARD TABLE,<dyn_wa> TYPE ANY,<dyn_field> TYPE ANY.DATA: dy_table TYPE REF TO data,dy_line  TYPE REF TO data,it_structure TYPE lvc_t_fcat,wa_structure TYPE lvc_s_fcat.实现步骤：1.PERFORM create_structure." 定义内表的结构FORM create_structure.CLEAR it_structure.DATA:l_pos TYPE i.l_pos = 5.wa_structure-fieldname = 'MANUFACTURER'." 第一列名wa_structure-col_pos = 1.                                 " 表示第1列 ---wa_structure-ref_table = 'PLAF'.                         ”字段参照的内表名字wa_structure-ref_field = 'FLIEF'.                         “字段参照的字段名字APPEND wa_structure TO it_structure.wa_structure-fieldname = 'NAME'.                      " 第二 列名wa_structure-col_pos = 2.                                 " 表示第2列 ---wa_structure-ref_table = 'lfa1'.wa_structure-ref_field = 'NAME1'.APPEND wa_structure TO it_structure.wa_structure-fieldname = 'DESCRIPTION'.        " 第三列名wa_structure-col_pos = 3.                                 " 表示第3列 ---wa_structure-ref_table = 'MAKT'.wa_structure-ref_field = 'MAKTX'.APPEND wa_structure TO it_structure.wa_structure-fieldname = 'MM#'.wa_structure-col_pos = 4.wa_structure-ref_table = 'MAKT'.wa_structure-ref_field = 'MATNR'.APPEND wa_structure TO it_structure."it_month是根据选择屏幕的起始时间和结束时间得到的两个日期之间的月份，以下遍历所得到的月份并写入结构。LOOP AT it_month INTO wa_month.wa_structure-fieldname = wa_month-pedtr.wa_structure-col_pos = l_pos.wa_structure-inttype = 'P'."wa_structure-intlen  = 7.APPEND wa_structure TO it_structure.l_pos = l_pos + 1.ENDLOOP.ENDFORM.                    "CREATE_STRUCTURE2.PERFORM create_dynamic_table." 按照定义的内表结构，产生一个内表利用系统 的一个标准方法根据结构生成动态内表FORM create_dynamic_table.CALL METHOD cl_alv_table_create=>create_dynamic_tableEXPORTINGit_fieldcatalog = it_structureIMPORTINGep_table        = dy_table.ASSIGN dy_table->* TO <dyn_table>."表类型指针 <dyn_table> 指向 数据对象的内容.ENDFORM.  " create_dynamic_table3.PERFORM write_data_to_dyntable." 向动态内表中写数FORM write_data_to_dyntable .DATA:wa_new_line TYPE REF TO data.DATA:l_index2 TYPE i.CREATE DATA wa_new_line LIKE LINE OF <dyn_table>.*建立一个与动态内表结构相同的数据对象，且数据对象为是一个结构ASSIGN wa_new_line->* TO <dyn_wa>." 用<dyn_wa>指针指向该结构SORT it_plaf_out BY flief matnr .LOOP AT it_plaf_out INTO wa_plaf_out.l_index2 = sy-tabix.LOOP AT it_structure INTO wa_structure.READ TABLE it_plaf_out INTO wa_plaf_out INDEX l_index2.IF wa_structure-fieldname = 'MANUFACTURER'.ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_field>." 用指针<DYN_FIELD>指向工作区<DYN_WA>中的一个字段，字段名为WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME.<dyn_field> = wa_plaf_out-flief.             ”给指针指向的字段赋值ELSEIF wa_structure-fieldname = 'NAME'.ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_field>.<dyn_field> = wa_plaf_out-name1.ELSEIF wa_structure-fieldname = 'DESCRIPTION'.ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_field>.<dyn_field> = wa_plaf_out-maktx.ELSEIF wa_structure-fieldname = 'MM#'.ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_field>.<dyn_field> = wa_plaf_out-matnr.ELSEIF wa_structure-fieldname = wa_plaf_out-pedtr.ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_field>.<dyn_field> = wa_plaf_out-gsmng.ENDIF.ENDLOOP.AT END OF matnr.APPEND <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_table>."将所得到的工作区的值写入内表CLEAR <dyn_wa>.ENDAT.ENDLOOP.ENDFORM.                    "WRITE_DATA_TO_DYNTABLEPERFORM output_dyntable_data." 从动态内表中取数，并写到屏幕*  LOOP AT it_structure INTO wa_structure.*    WRITE: wa_structure-fieldname(5).*  ENDLOOP.*  LOOP AT <dyn_table> INTO <dyn_wa>.*    WRITE: / .*    LOOP AT it_structure INTO wa_structure.*      ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa>*       TO <dyn_field>.**用指针<DYN_FIELD>指向工作区<DYN_WA>中的一个字段，字段名为WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME.*      WRITE : <dyn_field>.*    ENDLOOP.*  ENDLOOP.若要通过ALV显示的话。利用wa_alv_field定义对应结构的ALV，然后即可显示g_repid = sy-repid.wa_layout-colwidth_optimize = 'X'.wa_layout-zebra = 'X'."  lt_layout-box_fieldname = 'SEL'.DATA:l_colpos TYPE i.l_colpos = 5." lit_fcatwa_alv_field-col_pos = 1.wa_alv_field-fieldname = 'MANUFACTURER'.wa_alv_field-seltext_m = 'MANUFACTURER'.wa_alv_field-no_zero = 'X'.APPEND wa_alv_field TO lit_fcat.wa_alv_field-col_pos = 2.wa_alv_field-fieldname = 'NAME'.wa_alv_field-seltext_m = 'NAME'.APPEND wa_alv_field TO lit_fcat.wa_alv_field-col_pos = 3.wa_alv_field-fieldname = 'DESCRIPTION'.wa_alv_field-seltext_m = 'DESCRIPTION'.APPEND wa_alv_field TO lit_fcat.wa_alv_field-col_pos = 4.wa_alv_field-fieldname = 'MM#'.wa_alv_field-seltext_m = 'MM#'.wa_alv_field-no_zero = 'X'.APPEND wa_alv_field TO lit_fcat.LOOP AT it_month INTO wa_month.wa_alv_field-col_pos = l_colpos.wa_alv_field-fieldname = wa_month-pedtr.wa_alv_field-seltext_m = wa_month-pedtr.APPEND wa_alv_field TO lit_fcat.l_colpos = l_colpos + 1.ENDLOOP.CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'

 

关键技巧:

1， 创建动态内表：

a, 动态内表的结构的定义.

动态内表表结构的定义必须使用表结构与 table type: lvc_t_fcat一样的内表.

一般情况下，我们都内表的所有列定义成字符型.

b, 根据表结构生成内表.

系统提供了一个标准的method来产生动态表，使用方法如下:

2， 动态内表的赋值：

a, 获取指定的字段

b, 给指定的字段赋值

3， 读取动态内表的值：

a, 获取指定的字段

b, 读取指定的字段值

 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------**& Report  YDYN_TEST*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*REPORT  YDYN_TEST.FIELD-SYMBOLS:<DYN_TABLE> TYPE STANDARD TABLE,               <DYN_WA>,               <DYN_FIELD>.DATA: DY_TABLE TYPE REF TO DATA,      DY_LINE  TYPE REF TO DATA,      IT_STRUCTURE TYPE LVC_T_FCAT,      WA_STRUCTURE TYPE LVC_S_FCAT.START-OF-SELECTION.  PERFORM CREATE_STRUCTURE." 定义内表的结构  PERFORM CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE." 按照定义的内表结构，产生一个内表  PERFORM WRITE_DATA_TO_DYNTABLE." 向动态内表中写数  PERFORM OUTPUT_DYNTABLE_DATA." 从动态内表中取数，并写到屏幕*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**&      Form  CREATE_STRUCTURE*----------------------------------------------------------------------*FORM CREATE_STRUCTURE.  WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME = 'COL1'." 第列名  WA_STRUCTURE-COL_POS = 1.         " 表示第三列 ---  WA_STRUCTURE-INTTYPE = 'C'.        " 数据类型  WA_STRUCTURE-INTLEN  = 6.         " 长度  APPEND WA_STRUCTURE TO IT_STRUCTURE.  WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME = 'COL2'." 第 列名  WA_STRUCTURE-COL_POS = 2.         " 表示第三列 ---  WA_STRUCTURE-INTTYPE = 'C'.        " 数据类型  WA_STRUCTURE-INTLEN  = 6.         " 长度  APPEND WA_STRUCTURE TO IT_STRUCTURE.  WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME = 'COL3'." 第三列名  WA_STRUCTURE-COL_POS = 3.         " 表示第三列 ---  WA_STRUCTURE-INTTYPE = 'C'.        " 数据类型  WA_STRUCTURE-INTLEN  = 6.         " 长度  APPEND WA_STRUCTURE TO IT_STRUCTURE.ENDFORM.                    "CREATE_STRUCTURE*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**&      Form  CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE*----------------------------------------------------------------------*FORM CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE.  CALL METHOD CL_ALV_TABLE_CREATE=>CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE    EXPORTING      IT_FIELDCATALOG = IT_STRUCTURE    IMPORTING      EP_TABLE        = DY_TABLE.  ASSIGN DY_TABLE->* TO <DYN_TABLE>.  "表类型指针 <dyn_table> 指向 数据对象的内容.ENDFORM.  " create_dynamic_table*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**&      Form  write_data_to_dyntable*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*FORM WRITE_DATA_TO_DYNTABLE .  DATA:WA_NEW_LINE TYPE REF TO DATA.  DATA:I TYPE N.  DATA:J TYPE N.  CREATE DATA WA_NEW_LINE LIKE LINE OF <DYN_TABLE>.*建立一个与动态内表结构相同的数据对象，且数据对象为是一个结构  ASSIGN WA_NEW_LINE->* TO <DYN_WA>." 用<dyn_wa>指针指向该结构  DO 3 TIMES.    I = I + 1.    CLEAR J.    LOOP AT IT_STRUCTURE INTO WA_STRUCTURE.      J = J + 1.      ASSIGN COMPONENT WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME OF STRUCTURE <DYN_WA>      TO <DYN_FIELD>.*   " 用指针<DYN_FIELD>指向工作区<DYN_WA>中的一个字段，字段名为WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME.      CONCATENATE I J INTO <DYN_FIELD>." 给指针指向的字段赋值    ENDLOOP.    APPEND <DYN_WA> TO <DYN_TABLE>.  ENDDO.ENDFORM.                    "WRITE_DATA_TO_DYNTABLE*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**&      Form  OUTPUT_DYNTABLE_DATA*----------------------------------------------------------------------*FORM OUTPUT_DYNTABLE_DATA.  LOOP AT IT_STRUCTURE INTO WA_STRUCTURE.    WRITE: WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME(5).  ENDLOOP.  LOOP AT <DYN_TABLE> INTO <DYN_WA>.    WRITE: / .    LOOP AT IT_STRUCTURE INTO WA_STRUCTURE.      ASSIGN COMPONENT WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME OF STRUCTURE <DYN_WA>       TO <DYN_FIELD>.*用指针<DYN_FIELD>指向工作区<DYN_WA>中的一个字段，字段名为WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME.      WRITE : <DYN_FIELD>.    ENDLOOP.  ENDLOOP.ENDFORM.                    "OUTPUT_DYNTABLE_DATA