spring多数据源的配置-以及原理

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spring多数据源的配置

创建一个类 继承 org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource
重写方法 determineCurrentLookupKey

package com.sky.lp.util;import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;public class ExtendsAbstractRoutingDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource{    //使用ThreadLocal 保证线程安全    private static final ThreadLocal<String> dataSourceKey = new InheritableThreadLocal<String>();    public static void setDataSourceKey(String dataSource) {        dataSourceKey.set(dataSource);    }    @Override    protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {        return dataSourceKey.get();    }}

数据源配置

<!-- 定义数据源 使用 druid 包 -->     <bean id ="dataSource1" class= "com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method= "init" destroy-method ="close">            <property name ="name" value="druidOne" />            <property name ="url" value= "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/littledemo" />            <property name ="username" value="root" />            <property name ="password" value= "laixu785^@#"></property >            <property name ="driverClassName" value= "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property >            <property name ="initialSize" value="2" />            <property name ="maxActive" value="10" />            <property name ="minIdle" value="5" />            <property name ="validationQuery" value= "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM DUAL" />            <property name ="testWhileIdle" value="true" />            <property name ="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value= "5000" />     </bean >     <!-- 定义数据源 使用 druid 包 -->     <bean id ="dataSource2" class= "com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method= "init" destroy-method ="close">            <property name ="name" value="druidTwo" />            <property name ="url" value= "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/doubleo" />            <property name ="username" value="root" />            <property name ="password" value= "laixu785^@#"></property >            <property name ="driverClassName" value= "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property >            <property name ="initialSize" value="2" />            <property name ="maxActive" value="10" />            <property name ="minIdle" value="5" />            <property name ="validationQuery" value= "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM DUAL" />            <property name ="testWhileIdle" value="true" />            <property name ="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value= "5000" />     </bean ><!-- 多数据源 -->     <bean id ="extendsAbstractRoutingDataSource" class= "com.sky.lp.util.ExtendsAbstractRoutingDataSource" ><!-- 默认数据源 -->        <property name ="defaultTargetDataSource" ref= "dataSource2"/><!--    不用的数据源对应不用的key值 -->        <property name ="targetDataSources">            <map >                <entry key ="dataSource1" value-ref= "dataSource1"/>                <entry key ="dataSource2" value-ref= "dataSource2"/>            </map >        </property >     </bean >spring jdbcTemplate 数据源的使用,<bean id= "jdbcTemplate" class= "org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" >    <property name ="dataSource" ref= "extendsAbstractRoutingDataSource" /></bean >

注意:
spring集成 ibatis 或者是 hibernate 或者其他的 ORM 框架,使用的数据源都是,extendsAbstractRoutingDataSource。

测试代码

public static void main(String[] args) {ClassPathXmlApplicationContext appCtx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-servlet.xml");        ExtendsAbstractRoutingDataSource myDataSource = appCtx.getBean("extendsAbstractRoutingDataSource", ExtendsAbstractRoutingDataSource.class);        myDataSource.setDataSourceKey("dataSource1");        JdbcTemplate jdbc = appCtx.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);        List<?> list = jdbc.queryForList("select * from user");        System.out.println(list);}

spring多数据源工作原理(即多个数据源到底应该选择哪一下)

原理分析(这里以 spring 的 JdbcTemplate 为例子)
JdbcTemplate 中执行sql语句,是从 dataSource 中获取 数据库 Connection,通过Connection 执行sql 语句。
那么Connection是怎么获取到的呢,是通过
org.springframework.util.Assert.DataSourceUtils.getConnection(getDataSource()) 获取Connection的。

方法 getDataSource() 源码

public DataSource getDataSource() {    return dataSource;}

返回的dataSource,即配置 jdbcTemplate bean 的属性dataSource<property name ="dataSource" ref= "extendsAbstractRoutingDataSource" />
看一下org.springframework.util.Assert.DataSourceUtils.getConnection(getDataSource()) 的源码

public static Connection getConnection(DataSource dataSource) throws CannotGetJdbcConnectionException {            try {                 return doGetConnection(dataSource);           } catch (SQLException ex) {                 throw new CannotGetJdbcConnectionException("Could not get JDBC Connection", ex);           }}public static Connection doGetConnection(DataSource dataSource) throws SQLException {            Assert.notNull(dataSource, "No DataSource specified");            ConnectionHolder conHolder = (ConnectionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(dataSource);            if (conHolder != null && (conHolder.hasConnection() || conHolder.isSynchronizedWithTransaction()))                conHolder.requested();            if (!conHolder.hasConnection())                 logger.debug("Fetching resumed JDBC Connection from DataSource");           conHolder.setConnection(dataSource.getConnection());            return conHolder.getConnection();            logger.debug("Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource");           Connection con = dataSource.getConnection();            if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isSynchronizationActive())                 logger.debug("Registering transaction synchronization for JDBC Connection");            ConnectionHolder holderToUse = conHolder;            if (holderToUse == null)                holderToUse = new ConnectionHolder(con);            else                holderToUse.setConnection(con);           holderToUse.requested();           TransactionSynchronizationManager.registerSynchronization( new ConnectionSynchronization(holderToUse, dataSource));           holderToUse.setSynchronizedWithTransaction( true);            if (holderToUse != conHolder)                 TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(dataSource, holderToUse);            return con;}

解读上面的代码,最终的目的就是要从dataSource中获取数据库的Connection。而获取数据库的Connection必须调用dataSource的getConnection。
(即 javax.sql.DataSource的接口规定 getConnection() 方法 )。
所以,可以在从dataSource获取Connection的过程中做手脚。这就是
org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource 做的工作。
AbstractRoutingDataSource 继承 org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.AbstractDataSource,AbstractDataSource 实现 javax.sql.DataSource 接口。

下面看一下 AbstractRoutingDataSource 的方法 getConnection 的源码

public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {    return determineTargetDataSource().getConnection();}protected DataSource determineTargetDataSource() {    Assert.notNull(resolvedDataSources, "DataSource router not initialized");    Object lookupKey = determineCurrentLookupKey();    DataSource dataSource = (DataSource)resolvedDataSources.get(lookupKey);    if(dataSource == null && (lenientFallback || lookupKey == null))        dataSource = resolvedDefaultDataSource;    if(dataSource == null)        throw new IllegalStateException((new StringBuilder()).append("Cannot determine target DataSource for lookup key [").append(lookupKey).append("]").toString());     return dataSource;}

注意 源码中的方法 determineCurrentLookupKey(),我们自己定义的类 ExtendsAbstractRoutingDataSource 重写了 AbstractRoutingDataSource 中的 determineCurrentLookupKey 方法。

到这里大家应该明白了,spring的动态数据库切换是怎么实现的了。至于其他的地方,大家有不明白的就看看源码。

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