恢复被rm意外删除数据文件

文章转载出处：http://www.xifenfei.com/2011/12/%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8D%E8%A2%ABrm%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%96%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6.html#comments

一.模拟数据文件删除

[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus /assysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 ProductiononSat Dec31 22:00:52 2011

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. Allrights reserved.

 

--数据库版本

Connected to:

Oracle Database11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,

Oracle DatabaseVaultand Real Application Testing options

 

--所有数据文件

SQL> selectnamefrom v$datafile;

 

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf

/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf

/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf

/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf

/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

 

--删除example01.dbf数据文件

SQL> !rm /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

 

SQL> !ls -l /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

ls: /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf: 没有那个文件或目录

 

--因为数据文件被删除，创建表失败

SQL> createtablet_xifenfei tablespace example

  2 asselect* fromdba_tables;

as select * fromdba_tables

                 *

ERROR atline 2:

ORA-01116: error in opening databasefile 5

ORA-01110: data file 5:'/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf'

ORA-27041: unabletoopen file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2:Nosuch file or directory

Additional information: 3

二.找回数据文件

--查找dbw进程spid

[oracle@node1 ~]$ ps -ef|grepdbw|grep-v grep

oracle   18387     1  0 Dec22 ?        00:00:12 ora_dbw0_ora11g

 

--查看该进程所有文件句柄

[oracle@node1 ~]$ ll/proc/18387/fd

总计 0

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 0 ->/dev/null

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 1 ->/dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 10 ->/dev/zero

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 11 ->/dev/zero

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 12 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/orazhs.msb

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 13 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 14 ->/proc/18387/fd

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 15 ->/dev/zero

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 16 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 17 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 18 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/lkORA11G

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 19 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/orazhs.msb

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 2 ->/dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 20 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 21 -> socket:[441562]

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 256 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 257 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 258 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 259 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 260 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 261 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 262 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/temp01.dbf

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 3 ->/dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 4 ->/dev/null

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 5 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 6 ->/dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 7 ->/dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 8 ->/dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 9 ->/dev/null

--通过句柄恢复数据文件[被删除数据文件会被标示(deleted)]

[oracle@node1 ~]$cp/proc/18387/fd/261/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

--确认该数据文件已经恢复成功

[oracle@node1 ~]$ ll/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 12-31 22:05/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

三.数据文件online

SQL> alterdatabasedatafile 5 offline;

  

Database altered.

  

SQL> recover datafile 5;

Media recovery complete.

SQL> alterdatabasedatafile 5 online;

  

Database altered.

 

SQL> createtablet_xifenfei tablespace example

  2 asselect* fromdba_tables;

 

Table created.

四.补充说明
在意外使用os命令删除掉数据文件时，千万不要慌张重启数据库或者操作系统，可以通过dbwn进程相关句柄找回数据文件

如果是unix系统，可能需要先通过lsof找到句柄，然后通过cp实现

[root@node1 ~]# lsof -p 18387 |grep deleted

oracle  18387 oracle  261uW  REG    8,6 362422272   13598733/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf (deleted)

cd /proc/18387 /fd/

cp 261 /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

lsof安装

[root@xifenfei ~]# tar xjf lsof_4.86.tar.bz2

[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86]# tar xvf lsof_4.86_src.tar

[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# ./Configure

No target dialect was specified.

Usage: Configure <options> <target-dialect>

  <options>:  -clean        : clean up previous configuration

              -d|-dialects  : display a list of supported dialect versions

              -h|-help      : display help information

              -n            : avoid AFS, customization, and inventory checks

  <target-dialect> (****USE -d TO GET TESTED DIALECT VERSION NUMBERS****):

    aix|aixgcc              : IBM AIX xlc (aix) or gcc (aixgcc)

    darwin                  : Apple Darwin

    decosf                  : DEC OSF/1

    digital_unix|du        : Digital UNIX

    freebsd                 : FreeBSD

    hpux|hpuxgcc            : HP-UX cc (hpux) or gcc (hpuxgcc)

    linux                   : Linux

    netbsd                  : NetBSD

    nextstep|next|ns|nxt    : NEXTSTEP

    openbsd                 : OpenBSD

    openstep|os             : OPENSTEP

    osr|sco                 : SCO OpenServer < 6.0.0, SCO devloper's compiler

    osrgcc|scogcc           : SCO OpenServer < 6.0.0, gcc compiler

    osr6                    : SCO OpenServer 6.0.0, SCO compiler

    solaris|solariscc       : Solaris gcc (solaris) or cc (solariscc)

    tru64                   : Tru64 UNIX

    unixware|uw             : SCO|Caldera UnixWare

[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# ./Configure linux

[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# make

[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# make install