Android自定义View（一）View绘制流程以及invalidate()等相关方法分析
来源：互联网 发布：知乎 保研 换导师 编辑：程序博客网 时间：2024/06/07 22:42
转自：http://blog.csdn.net/yanbober/article/details/46128379/ 【工匠若水 http://blog.csdn.net/yanbober】
原本打算自己写的，但是看到这篇文章，觉得写的太好了，，，，，
1 背景
还记得前面《Android应用setContentView与LayoutInflater加载解析机制源码分析》这篇文章吗？我们有分析到Activity中界面加载显示的基本流程原理，记不记得最终分析结果就是下面的关系：
看见没有，如上图中id为content的内容就是整个View树的结构，所以对每个具体View对象的操作，其实就是个递归的实现。
前面《Android触摸屏事件派发机制详解与源码分析一(View篇)》文章的3-1小节说过Android中的任何一个布局、任何一个控件其实都是直接或间接继承自View实现的，当然也包括我们后面一步一步引出的自定义控件也不例外，所以说这些View应该都具有相同的绘制流程与机制才能显示到屏幕上（因为他们都具备相同的父类View，可能每个控件的具体绘制逻辑有差异，但是主流程都是一样的）。经过总结发现每一个View的绘制过程都必须经历三个最主要的过程，也就是measure、layout和draw。
既然一个View的绘制主要流程是这三步，那一定有一个开始地方呀，就像一个类从main函数执行一样呀。对于View的绘制开始调运地方这里先给出结论，本文后面会反过来分析原因的，先往下看就行。具体结论如下：
整个View树的绘图流程是在ViewRootImpl类的performTraversals()方法（这个方法巨长）开始的，该函数做的执行过程主要是根据之前设置的状态，判断是否重新计算视图大小(measure)、是否重新放置视图的位置(layout)、以及是否重绘 (draw)，其核心也就是通过判断来选择顺序执行这三个方法中的哪个，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">performTraversals</span>() { ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//最外层的根视图的widthMeasureSpec和heightMeasureSpec由来</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//lp.width和lp.height在创建ViewGroup实例时等于MATCH_PARENT</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childWidthMeasureSpec = getRootMeasureSpec(mWidth, lp.width); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childHeightMeasureSpec = getRootMeasureSpec(mHeight, lp.height); ...... mView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec); ...... mView.layout(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, mView.getMeasuredWidth(), mView.getMeasuredHeight()); ...... mView.draw(canvas); ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li></ul><code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Figures out the measure spec for the root view in a window based on it's * layout params. * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> windowSize * The available width or height of the window * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> rootDimension * The layout params for one dimension (width or height) of the * window. * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @return</span> The measure spec to use to measure the root view. */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getRootMeasureSpec</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> windowSize, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> rootDimension) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> measureSpec; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (rootDimension) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT: <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Window can't resize. Force root view to be windowSize.</span> measureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(windowSize, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; ...... } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> measureSpec; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li></ul>可以看见这个方法的注释说是用来测Root View的。上面传入参数后这个函数走的是MATCH_PARENT，使用MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec方法组装一个MeasureSpec，MeasureSpec的specMode等于EXACTLY，specSize等于windowSize，也就是为何根视图总是全屏的原因。
其中的mView就是View对象。如下就是整个流程的大致流程图：
如下我们就依据View绘制的这三个主要流程进行详细剖析（基于Android5.1.1 API 22源码进行分析）。
2 View绘制流程第一步：递归measure源码分析
整个View树的源码measure流程图如下：
2-1 measure源码分析
先看下View的measure方法源码，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * <p> * This is called to find out how big a view should be. The parent * supplies constraint information in the width and height parameters. * </p> * * <p> * The actual measurement work of a view is performed in * {@link #onMeasure(int, int)}, called by this method. Therefore, only * {@link #onMeasure(int, int)} can and must be overridden by subclasses. * </p> * * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> widthMeasureSpec Horizontal space requirements as imposed by the * parent *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> heightMeasureSpec Vertical space requirements as imposed by the * parent * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @see</span> #onMeasure(int, int) */</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//final方法，子类不可重写</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">measure</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> widthMeasureSpec, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> heightMeasureSpec) { ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//回调onMeasure()方法</span> onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li></ul>看见注释信息没有，他告诉你了很多重要信息。为整个View树计算实际的大小，然后设置实际的高和宽，每个View控件的实际宽高都是由父视图和自身决定的。实际的测量是在onMeasure方法进行，所以在View的子类需要重写onMeasure方法，这是因为measure方法是final的，不允许重载，所以View子类只能通过重载onMeasure来实现自己的测量逻辑。
这个方法的两个参数都是父View传递过来的，也就是代表了父view的规格。他由两部分组成，高16位表示MODE，定义在MeasureSpec类（View的内部类）中，有三种类型，MeasureSpec.EXACTLY表示确定大小， MeasureSpec.AT_MOST表示最大大小， MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED不确定。低16位表示size，也就是父View的大小。对于系统Window类的DecorVIew对象Mode一般都为MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ，而size分别对应屏幕宽高。对于子View来说大小是由父View和子View共同决定的。
在这里可以看出measure方法最终回调了View的onMeasure方法，我们来看下View的onMeasure源码，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * <p> * Measure the view and its content to determine the measured width and the * measured height. This method is invoked by {@link #measure(int, int)} and * should be overriden by subclasses to provide accurate and efficient * measurement of their contents. * </p> * * <p> * <strong>CONTRACT:</strong> When overriding this method, you * <em>must</em> call {@link #setMeasuredDimension(int, int)} to store the * measured width and height of this view. Failure to do so will trigger an * <code>IllegalStateException</code>, thrown by * {@link #measure(int, int)}. Calling the superclass' * {@link #onMeasure(int, int)} is a valid use. * </p> * * <p> * The base class implementation of measure defaults to the background size, * unless a larger size is allowed by the MeasureSpec. Subclasses should * override {@link #onMeasure(int, int)} to provide better measurements of * their content. * </p> * * <p> * If this method is overridden, it is the subclass's responsibility to make * sure the measured height and width are at least the view's minimum height * and width ({@link #getSuggestedMinimumHeight()} and * {@link #getSuggestedMinimumWidth()}). * </p> * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> widthMeasureSpec horizontal space requirements as imposed by the parent. * The requirements are encoded with * {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec}. *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> heightMeasureSpec vertical space requirements as imposed by the parent. * The requirements are encoded with * {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec}. * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @see</span> #getMeasuredWidth() *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @see</span> #getMeasuredHeight() *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @see</span> #setMeasuredDimension(int, int) *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @see</span> #getSuggestedMinimumHeight() *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @see</span> #getSuggestedMinimumWidth() *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @see</span> android.view.View.MeasureSpec#getMode(int) *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @see</span> android.view.View.MeasureSpec#getSize(int) */</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//View的onMeasure默认实现方法</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onMeasure</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> widthMeasureSpec, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> heightMeasureSpec) { setMeasuredDimension(getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumWidth(), widthMeasureSpec), getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumHeight(), heightMeasureSpec)); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li></ul>看见没有，其实注释已经很详细了（自定义View重写该方法的指导操作注释都有说明），不做过多解释。
对于非ViewGroup的View而言，通过调用上面默认的onMeasure即可完成View的测量，当然你也可以重载onMeasure并调用setMeasuredDimension来设置任意大小的布局，但一般不这么做，因为这种做法不太好，至于为何不好，后面分析完你就明白了。
我们可以看见onMeasure默认的实现仅仅调用了setMeasuredDimension，setMeasuredDimension函数是一个很关键的函数，它对View的成员变量mMeasuredWidth和mMeasuredHeight变量赋值，measure的主要目的就是对View树中的每个View的mMeasuredWidth和mMeasuredHeight进行赋值，所以一旦这两个变量被赋值意味着该View的测量工作结束。既然这样那我们就看看设置的默认尺寸大小吧，可以看见setMeasuredDimension传入的参数都是通过getDefaultSize返回的，所以再来看下getDefaultSize方法源码，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getDefaultSize</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> size, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> measureSpec) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> result = size; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//通过MeasureSpec解析获取mode与size</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (specMode) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED: result = size; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MeasureSpec.AT_MOST: <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MeasureSpec.EXACTLY: result = specSize; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> result; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li></ul>看见没有，如果specMode等于AT_MOST或EXACTLY就返回specSize，这就是系统默认的规格。
回过头继续看上面onMeasure方法，其中getDefaultSize参数的widthMeasureSpec和heightMeasureSpec都是由父View传递进来的。getSuggestedMinimumWidth与getSuggestedMinimumHeight都是View的方法，具体如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getSuggestedMinimumWidth</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> (mBackground == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) ? mMinWidth : max(mMinWidth, mBackground.getMinimumWidth()); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getSuggestedMinimumHeight</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> (mBackground == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) ? mMinHeight : max(mMinHeight, mBackground.getMinimumHeight()); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>看见没有，建议的最小宽度和高度都是由View的Background尺寸与通过设置View的miniXXX属性共同决定的。
到此一次最基础的元素View的measure过程就完成了。上面说了View实际是嵌套的，而且measure是递归传递的，所以每个View都需要measure。实际能够嵌套的View一般都是ViewGroup的子类，所以在ViewGroup中定义了measureChildren, measureChild, measureChildWithMargins方法来对子视图进行测量，measureChildren内部实质只是循环调用measureChild，measureChild和measureChildWithMargins的区别就是是否把margin和padding也作为子视图的大小。如下我们以ViewGroup中稍微复杂的measureChildWithMargins方法来分析：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Ask one of the children of this view to measure itself, taking into * account both the MeasureSpec requirements for this view and its padding * and margins. The child must have MarginLayoutParams The heavy lifting is * done in getChildMeasureSpec. * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> child The child to measure *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> parentWidthMeasureSpec The width requirements for this view *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> widthUsed Extra space that has been used up by the parent * horizontally (possibly by other children of the parent) *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> parentHeightMeasureSpec The height requirements for this view *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> heightUsed Extra space that has been used up by the parent * vertically (possibly by other children of the parent) */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">measureChildWithMargins</span>(View child, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> parentWidthMeasureSpec, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> widthUsed, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> parentHeightMeasureSpec, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> heightUsed) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//获取子视图的LayoutParams</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//调整MeasureSpec</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//通过这两个参数以及子视图本身的LayoutParams来共同决定子视图的测量规格</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec, mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin + widthUsed, lp.width); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentHeightMeasureSpec, mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin + heightUsed, lp.height); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//调运子View的measure方法，子View的measure中会回调子View的onMeasure方法</span> child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li></ul>关于该方法的参数等说明注释已经描述的够清楚了。该方法就是对父视图提供的measureSpec参数结合自身的LayoutParams参数进行了调整，然后再来调用child.measure()方法，具体通过方法getChildMeasureSpec来进行参数调整。所以我们继续看下getChildMeasureSpec方法代码，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getChildMeasureSpec</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> spec, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> padding, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childDimension) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//获取当前Parent View的Mode和Size</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(spec); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(spec); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//获取Parent size与padding差值（也就是Parent剩余大小），若差值小于0直接返回0</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> size = Math.max(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, specSize - padding); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//定义返回值存储变量</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> resultSize = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> resultMode = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//依据当前Parent的Mode进行switch分支逻辑</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (specMode) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Parent has imposed an exact size on us</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//默认Root View的Mode就是EXACTLY</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MeasureSpec.EXACTLY: <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (childDimension >= <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//如果child的layout_wOrh属性在xml或者java中给予具体大于等于0的数值</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//设置child的size为真实layout_wOrh属性值，mode为EXACTLY</span> resultSize = childDimension; resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//如果child的layout_wOrh属性在xml或者java中给予MATCH_PARENT</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Child wants to be our size. So be it.</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//设置child的size为size，mode为EXACTLY</span> resultSize = size; resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//如果child的layout_wOrh属性在xml或者java中给予WRAP_CONTENT</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//设置child的size为size，mode为AT_MOST</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// bigger than us.</span> resultSize = size; resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//其他Mode分支类似</span> } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//将mode与size通过MeasureSpec方法整合为32位整数返回</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(resultSize, resultMode); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li></ul>可以看见，getChildMeasureSpec的逻辑是通过其父View提供的MeasureSpec参数得到specMode和specSize，然后根据计算出来的specMode以及子View的childDimension（layout_width或layout_height）来计算自身的measureSpec，如果其本身包含子视图，则计算出来的measureSpec将作为调用其子视图measure函数的参数，同时也作为自身调用setMeasuredDimension的参数，如果其不包含子视图则默认情况下最终会调用onMeasure的默认实现，并最终调用到setMeasuredDimension。
所以可以看见onMeasure的参数其实就是这么计算出来的。同时从上面的分析可以看出来，最终决定View的measure大小是View的setMeasuredDimension方法，所以我们可以通过setMeasuredDimension设定死值来设置View的mMeasuredWidth和mMeasuredHeight的大小，但是一个好的自定义View应该会根据子视图的measureSpec来设置mMeasuredWidth和mMeasuredHeight的大小，这样的灵活性更大，所以这也就是上面分析onMeasure时说View的onMeasure最好不要重写死值的原因。
可以看见当通过setMeasuredDimension方法最终设置完成View的measure之后View的mMeasuredWidth和mMeasuredHeight成员才会有具体的数值，所以如果我们自定义的View或者使用现成的View想通过getMeasuredWidth()和getMeasuredHeight()方法来获取View测量的宽高，必须保证这两个方法在onMeasure流程之后被调用才能返回有效值。
还记得前面《Android应用setContentView与LayoutInflater加载解析机制源码分析》文章3-3小节探讨的inflate方法加载一些布局显示时指定的大小失效问题吗？当时只给出了结论，现在给出了详细原因分析，我想不需要再做过多解释了吧。
至此整个View绘制流程的第一步就分析完成了，可以看见，相对来说还是比较复杂的，接下来进行小结。
2-2 measure原理总结
通过上面分析可以看出measure过程主要就是从顶层父View向子View递归调用view.measure方法（measure中又回调onMeasure方法）的过程。具体measure核心主要有如下几点：
- MeasureSpec（View的内部类）测量规格为int型，值由高16位规格模式specMode和低16位具体尺寸specSize组成。其中specMode只有三种值：
<code class="language-txt hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">MeasureSpec.EXACTLY <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//确定模式，父View希望子View的大小是确定的，由specSize决定；</span>MeasureSpec.AT_MOST <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//最多模式，父View希望子View的大小最多是specSize指定的值；</span>MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//未指定模式，父View完全依据子View的设计值来决定； </span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>
View的measure方法是final的，不允许重载，View子类只能重载onMeasure来完成自己的测量逻辑。
最顶层DecorView测量时的MeasureSpec是由ViewRootImpl中getRootMeasureSpec方法确定的（LayoutParams宽高参数均为MATCH_PARENT，specMode是EXACTLY，specSize为物理屏幕大小）。
ViewGroup类提供了measureChild，measureChild和measureChildWithMargins方法，简化了父子View的尺寸计算。
只要是ViewGroup的子类就必须要求LayoutParams继承子MarginLayoutParams，否则无法使用layout_margin参数。
View的布局大小由父View和子View共同决定。
使用View的getMeasuredWidth()和getMeasuredHeight()方法来获取View测量的宽高，必须保证这两个方法在onMeasure流程之后被调用才能返回有效值。
3 View绘制流程第二步：递归layout源码分析
在上面的背景介绍就说过，当ViewRootImpl的performTraversals中measure执行完成以后会接着执行mView.layout，具体如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">performTraversals</span>() { ...... mView.layout(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, mView.getMeasuredWidth(), mView.getMeasuredHeight()); ......}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>可以看见layout方法接收四个参数，这四个参数分别代表相对Parent的左、上、右、下坐标。而且还可以看见左上都为0，右下分别为上面刚刚测量的width和height。
至此又回归到View的layout(int l, int t, int r, int b)方法中去实现具体逻辑了，所以接下来我们开始分析View的layout过程。
整个View树的layout递归流程图如下：
3-1 layout源码分析
layout既然也是递归结构，那我们先看下ViewGroup的layout方法，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">layout</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> l, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> t, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> r, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> b) { ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.layout(l, t, r, b); ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>看着没有？ViewGroup的layout方法实质还是调运了View父类的layout方法，所以我们看下View的layout源码，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">layout</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> l, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> t, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> r, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> b) { ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//实质都是调用setFrame方法把参数分别赋值给mLeft、mTop、mRight和mBottom这几个变量</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//判断View的位置是否发生过变化，以确定有没有必要对当前的View进行重新layout</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> changed = isLayoutModeOptical(mParent) ? setOpticalFrame(l, t, r, b) : setFrame(l, t, r, b); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//需要重新layout</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (changed || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) == PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//回调onLayout</span> onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b); ...... } ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li></ul>看见没有，类似measure过程，lauout调运了onLayout方法。
对比上面View的layout和ViewGroup的layout方法可以发现，View的layout方法是可以在子类重写的，而ViewGroup的layout是不能在子类重写的，言外之意就是说ViewGroup中只能通过重写onLayout方法。那我们接下来看下ViewGroup的onLayout方法，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">abstract</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onLayout</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> changed, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> l, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> t, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> r, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> b);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>
看见没有？ViewGroup的onLayout()方法竟然是一个抽象方法，这就是说所有ViewGroup的子类都必须重写这个方法。所以在自定义ViewGroup控件中，onLayout配合onMeasure方法一起使用可以实现自定义View的复杂布局。自定义View首先调用onMeasure进行测量，然后调用onLayout方法动态获取子View和子View的测量大小，然后进行layout布局。重载onLayout的目的就是安排其children在父View的具体位置，重载onLayout通常做法就是写一个for循环调用每一个子视图的layout(l, t, r, b)函数，传入不同的参数l, t, r, b来确定每个子视图在父视图中的显示位置。
再看下View的onLayout方法源码，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onLayout</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> changed, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> left, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> top, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> right, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> bottom) { }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>我勒个去！是一个空方法，没啥可看的。
既然这样那我们只能分析一个现有的继承ViewGroup的控件了，就拿LinearLayout来说吧，如下是LinearLayout中onLayout的一些代码：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">LinearLayout</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ViewGroup</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onLayout</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> changed, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> l, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> t, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> r, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> b) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mOrientation == VERTICAL) { layoutVertical(l, t, r, b); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> { layoutHorizontal(l, t, r, b); } }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>看见没有，LinearLayout的layout过程是分Vertical和Horizontal的，这个就是xml布局的orientation属性设置的，我们为例说明ViewGroup的onLayout重写一般步骤就拿这里的VERTICAL模式来解释吧，如下是layoutVertical方法源码：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> layoutVertical(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> left, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> top, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> right, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> bottom) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> paddingLeft = mPaddingLeft; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childTop; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childLeft; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Where right end of child should go</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//计算父窗口推荐的子View宽度</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> width = right - left; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//计算父窗口推荐的子View右侧位置</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childRight = width - mPaddingRight; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Space available for child</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//child可使用空间大小</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childSpace = width - paddingLeft - mPaddingRight; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//通过ViewGroup的getChildCount方法获取ViewGroup的子View个数</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> count = getVirtualChildCount(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//获取Gravity属性设置</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> majorGravity = mGravity & Gravity.VERTICAL_GRAVITY_MASK; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> minorGravity = mGravity & Gravity.RELATIVE_HORIZONTAL_GRAVITY_MASK; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//依据majorGravity计算childTop的位置值</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (majorGravity) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> Gravity.BOTTOM: <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// mTotalLength contains the padding already</span> childTop = mPaddingTop + bottom - top - mTotalLength; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// mTotalLength contains the padding already</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL: childTop = mPaddingTop + (bottom - top - mTotalLength) / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> Gravity.TOP: <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">default</span>: childTop = mPaddingTop; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//重点！！！开始遍历</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < count; i++) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> View child = getVirtualChildAt(i); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (child == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { childTop += measureNullChild(i); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (child.getVisibility() != GONE) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//LinearLayout中其子视图显示的宽和高由measure过程来决定的，因此measure过程的意义就是为layout过程提供视图显示范围的参考值</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childWidth = child.getMeasuredWidth(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//获取子View的LayoutParams</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp = (LinearLayout.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> gravity = lp.gravity; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (gravity < <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>) { gravity = minorGravity; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> layoutDirection = getLayoutDirection(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> absoluteGravity = Gravity.getAbsoluteGravity(gravity, layoutDirection); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//依据不同的absoluteGravity计算childLeft位置</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (absoluteGravity & Gravity.HORIZONTAL_GRAVITY_MASK) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL: childLeft = paddingLeft + ((childSpace - childWidth) / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>) + lp.leftMargin - lp.rightMargin; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> Gravity.RIGHT: childLeft = childRight - childWidth - lp.rightMargin; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> Gravity.LEFT: <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">default</span>: childLeft = paddingLeft + lp.leftMargin; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (hasDividerBeforeChildAt(i)) { childTop += mDividerHeight; } childTop += lp.topMargin; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//通过垂直排列计算调运child的layout设置child的位置</span> setChildFrame(child, childLeft, childTop + getLocationOffset(child), childWidth, childHeight); childTop += childHeight + lp.bottomMargin + getNextLocationOffset(child); i += getChildrenSkipCount(child, i); } } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">76</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">77</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">78</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">79</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">80</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">81</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">82</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">83</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">84</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">85</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">86</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">87</li></ul>从上面分析的ViewGroup子类LinearLayout的onLayout实现代码可以看出，一般情况下layout过程会参考measure过程中计算得到的mMeasuredWidth和mMeasuredHeight来安排子View在父View中显示的位置，但这不是必须的，measure过程得到的结果可能完全没有实际用处，特别是对于一些自定义的ViewGroup，其子View的个数、位置和大小都是固定的，这时候我们可以忽略整个measure过程，只在layout函数中传入的4个参数来安排每个子View的具体位置。
到这里就不得不提getWidth()、getHeight()和getMeasuredWidth()、getMeasuredHeight()这两对方法之间的区别（上面分析measure过程已经说过getMeasuredWidth()、getMeasuredHeight()必须在onMeasure之后使用才有效）。可以看出来getWidth()与getHeight()方法必须在layout(int l, int t, int r, int b)执行之后才有效。那我们看下View源码中这些方法的实现吧，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getMeasuredWidth</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mMeasuredWidth & MEASURED_SIZE_MASK; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getMeasuredHeight</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mMeasuredHeight & MEASURED_SIZE_MASK; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getWidth</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mRight - mLeft; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getHeight</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mBottom - mTop; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getLeft</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mLeft; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getRight</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mRight; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getTop</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mTop; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getBottom</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mBottom; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li></ul>这也解释了为什么有些情况下getWidth()和getMeasuredWidth()以及getHeight()和getMeasuredHeight()会得到不同的值，所以这里不做过多解释。
到此整个View的layout过程分析就算结束了，接下来进行一些总结工作。
3-2 layout原理总结
整个layout过程比较容易理解，从上面分析可以看出layout也是从顶层父View向子View的递归调用view.layout方法的过程，即父View根据上一步measure子View所得到的布局大小和布局参数，将子View放在合适的位置上。具体layout核心主要有以下几点：
View.layout方法可被重载，ViewGroup.layout为final的不可重载，ViewGroup.onLayout为abstract的，子类必须重载实现自己的位置逻辑。
measure操作完成后得到的是对每个View经测量过的measuredWidth和measuredHeight，layout操作完成之后得到的是对每个View进行位置分配后的mLeft、mTop、mRight、mBottom，这些值都是相对于父View来说的。
凡是layout_XXX的布局属性基本都针对的是包含子View的ViewGroup的，当对一个没有父容器的View设置相关layout_XXX属性是没有任何意义的（前面《Android应用setContentView与LayoutInflater加载解析机制源码分析》也有提到过）。
使用View的getWidth()和getHeight()方法来获取View测量的宽高，必须保证这两个方法在onLayout流程之后被调用才能返回有效值。
4 View绘制流程第三步：递归draw源码分析
在上面的背景介绍就说过，当ViewRootImpl的performTraversals中measure和layout执行完成以后会接着执行mView.layout，具体如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">performTraversals</span>() { ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Rect dirty = mDirty; ...... canvas = mSurface.lockCanvas(dirty); ...... mView.draw(canvas); ......}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>draw过程也是在ViewRootImpl的performTraversals()内部调运的，其调用顺序在measure()和layout()之后，这里的mView对于Actiity来说就是PhoneWindow.DecorView，ViewRootImpl中的代码会创建一个Canvas对象，然后调用View的draw()方法来执行具体的绘制工。所以又回归到了ViewGroup与View的树状递归draw过程。
先来看下View树的递归draw流程图，如下：
如下我们详细分析这一过程。
4-1 draw源码分析
由于ViewGroup没有重写View的draw方法，所以如下直接从View的draw方法开始分析：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">draw</span>(Canvas canvas) { ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* * Draw traversal performs several drawing steps which must be executed * in the appropriate order: * * 1. Draw the background * 2. If necessary, save the canvas' layers to prepare for fading * 3. Draw view's content * 4. Draw children * 5. If necessary, draw the fading edges and restore layers * 6. Draw decorations (scrollbars for instance) */</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 1, draw the background, if needed</span> ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!dirtyOpaque) { drawBackground(canvas); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// skip step 2 & 5 if possible (common case)</span> ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 2, save the canvas' layers</span> ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (drawTop) { canvas.saveLayer(left, top, right, top + length, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, flags); } ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 3, draw the content</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 4, draw the children</span> dispatchDraw(canvas); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 5, draw the fade effect and restore layers</span> ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (drawTop) { matrix.setScale(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, fadeHeight * topFadeStrength); matrix.postTranslate(left, top); fade.setLocalMatrix(matrix); p.setShader(fade); canvas.drawRect(left, top, right, top + length, p); } ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 6, draw decorations (scrollbars)</span> onDrawScrollBars(canvas); ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li></ul>看见整个View的draw方法很复杂，但是源码注释也很明显。从注释可以看出整个draw过程分为了6步。源码注释说（”skip step 2 & 5 if possible (common case)”）第2和5步可以跳过，所以我们接下来重点剩余四步。如下：
第一步，对View的背景进行绘制。
可以看见，draw方法通过调运drawBackground(canvas);方法实现了背景绘制。我们来看下这个方法源码，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">drawBackground</span>(Canvas canvas) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//获取xml中通过android:background属性或者代码中setBackgroundColor()、setBackgroundResource()等方法进行赋值的背景Drawable</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Drawable background = mBackground; ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//根据layout过程确定的View位置来设置背景的绘制区域</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mBackgroundSizeChanged) { background.setBounds(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop); mBackgroundSizeChanged = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>; rebuildOutline(); } ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//调用Drawable的draw()方法来完成背景的绘制工作</span> background.draw(canvas); ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li></ul>第三步，对View的内容进行绘制。
可以看到，这里去调用了一下View的onDraw()方法，所以我们看下View的onDraw方法（ViewGroup也没有重写该方法），如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Implement this to do your drawing. * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> canvas the canvas on which the background will be drawn */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDraw</span>(Canvas canvas) { }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>可以看见，这是一个空方法。因为每个View的内容部分是各不相同的，所以需要由子类去实现具体逻辑。
第四步，对当前View的所有子View进行绘制，如果当前的View没有子View就不需要进行绘制。
我们来看下View的draw方法中的dispatchDraw(canvas);方法源码，可以看见如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Called by draw to draw the child views. This may be overridden * by derived classes to gain control just before its children are drawn * (but after its own view has been drawn). *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> canvas the canvas on which to draw the view */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">dispatchDraw</span>(Canvas canvas) { }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>看见没有，View的dispatchDraw()方法是一个空方法，而且注释说明了如果View包含子类需要重写他，所以我们有必要看下ViewGroup的dispatchDraw方法源码（这也就是刚刚说的对当前View的所有子View进行绘制，如果当前的View没有子View就不需要进行绘制的原因，因为如果是View调运该方法是空的，而ViewGroup才有实现），如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">dispatchDraw</span>(Canvas canvas) { ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childrenCount = mChildrenCount; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> View[] children = mChildren; ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < childrenCount; i++) { ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE || child.getAnimation() != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { more |= drawChild(canvas, child, drawingTime); } } ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Draw any disappearing views that have animations</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mDisappearingChildren != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = disappearingCount; i >= <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i--) { ...... more |= drawChild(canvas, child, drawingTime); } } ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li></ul>可以看见，ViewGroup确实重写了View的dispatchDraw()方法，该方法内部会遍历每个子View，然后调用drawChild()方法，我们可以看下ViewGroup的drawChild方法，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">drawChild</span>(Canvas canvas, View child, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> drawingTime) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> child.draw(canvas, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, drawingTime); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>可以看见drawChild()方法调运了子View的draw()方法。所以说ViewGroup类已经为我们重写了dispatchDraw()的功能实现，我们一般不需要重写该方法，但可以重载父类函数实现具体的功能。
第六步，对View的滚动条进行绘制。
可以看到，这里去调用了一下View的onDrawScrollBars()方法，所以我们看下View的onDrawScrollBars(canvas);方法，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * <p>Request the drawing of the horizontal and the vertical scrollbar. The * scrollbars are painted only if they have been awakened first.</p> * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> canvas the canvas on which to draw the scrollbars * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @see</span> #awakenScrollBars(int) */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDrawScrollBars</span>(Canvas canvas) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//绘制ScrollBars分析不是我们这篇的重点，所以暂时不做分析</span> ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul>可以看见其实任何一个View都是有（水平垂直）滚动条的，只是一般情况下没让它显示而已。
到此，View的draw绘制部分源码分析完毕，我们接下来进行一些总结。
4-2 draw原理总结
可以看见，绘制过程就是把View对象绘制到屏幕上，整个draw过程需要注意如下细节：
如果该View是一个ViewGroup，则需要递归绘制其所包含的所有子View。
View默认不会绘制任何内容，真正的绘制都需要自己在子类中实现。
View的绘制是借助onDraw方法传入的Canvas类来进行的。
区分View动画和ViewGroup布局动画，前者指的是View自身的动画，可以通过setAnimation添加，后者是专门针对ViewGroup显示内部子视图时设置的动画，可以在xml布局文件中对ViewGroup设置layoutAnimation属性（譬如对LinearLayout设置子View在显示时出现逐行、随机、下等显示等不同动画效果）。
在获取画布剪切区（每个View的draw中传入的Canvas）时会自动处理掉padding，子View获取Canvas不用关注这些逻辑，只用关心如何绘制即可。
默认情况下子View的ViewGroup.drawChild绘制顺序和子View被添加的顺序一致，但是你也可以重载ViewGroup.getChildDrawingOrder()方法提供不同顺序。
5 View的invalidate和postInvalidate方法源码分析
你可能已经看见了，在上面分析View的三步绘制流程中最后都有调运一个叫invalidate的方法，这个方法是啥玩意？为何出现频率这么高？很简单，我们拿出来分析分析不就得了。
5-1 invalidate方法源码分析
来看一下View类中的一些invalidate方法（ViewGroup没有重写这些方法），如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Mark the area defined by dirty as needing to be drawn. If the view is * visible, {@link #onDraw(android.graphics.Canvas)} will be called at some * point in the future. * <p> * This must be called from a UI thread. To call from a non-UI thread, call * {@link #postInvalidate()}. * <p> * <b>WARNING:</b> In API 19 and below, this method may be destructive to * {@code dirty}. * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> dirty the rectangle representing the bounds of the dirty region */</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//看见上面注释没有？public，只能在UI Thread中使用，别的Thread用postInvalidate方法，View是可见的才有效，回调onDraw方法,针对局部View</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">invalidate</span>(Rect dirty) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollX = mScrollX; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollY = mScrollY; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//实质还是调运invalidateInternal方法</span> invalidateInternal(dirty.left - scrollX, dirty.top - scrollY, dirty.right - scrollX, dirty.bottom - scrollY, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Mark the area defined by the rect (l,t,r,b) as needing to be drawn. The * coordinates of the dirty rect are relative to the view. If the view is * visible, {@link #onDraw(android.graphics.Canvas)} will be called at some * point in the future. * <p> * This must be called from a UI thread. To call from a non-UI thread, call * {@link #postInvalidate()}. * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> l the left position of the dirty region *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> t the top position of the dirty region *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> r the right position of the dirty region *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> b the bottom position of the dirty region */</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//看见上面注释没有？public，只能在UI Thread中使用，别的Thread用postInvalidate方法，View是可见的才有效，回调onDraw方法，针对局部View</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">invalidate</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> l, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> t, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> r, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> b) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollX = mScrollX; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollY = mScrollY; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//实质还是调运invalidateInternal方法</span> invalidateInternal(l - scrollX, t - scrollY, r - scrollX, b - scrollY, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Invalidate the whole view. If the view is visible, * {@link #onDraw(android.graphics.Canvas)} will be called at some point in * the future. * <p> * This must be called from a UI thread. To call from a non-UI thread, call * {@link #postInvalidate()}. */</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//看见上面注释没有？public，只能在UI Thread中使用，别的Thread用postInvalidate方法，View是可见的才有效，回调onDraw方法，针对整个View</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">invalidate</span>() { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//invalidate的实质还是调运invalidateInternal方法</span> invalidate(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>); } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * This is where the invalidate() work actually happens. A full invalidate() * causes the drawing cache to be invalidated, but this function can be * called with invalidateCache set to false to skip that invalidation step * for cases that do not need it (for example, a component that remains at * the same dimensions with the same content). * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> invalidateCache Whether the drawing cache for this view should be * invalidated as well. This is usually true for a full * invalidate, but may be set to false if the View's contents or * dimensions have not changed. */</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//看见上面注释没有？default的权限，只能在UI Thread中使用，别的Thread用postInvalidate方法，View是可见的才有效，回调onDraw方法，针对整个View</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> invalidate(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> invalidateCache) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//实质还是调运invalidateInternal方法</span> invalidateInternal(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop, invalidateCache, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//！！！！！！看见没有，这是所有invalidate的终极调运方法！！！！！！</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> invalidateInternal(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> l, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> t, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> r, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> b, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> invalidateCache, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> fullInvalidate) { ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Propagate the damage rectangle to the parent view.</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> ViewParent p = mParent; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (p != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> && ai != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> && l < r && t < b) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Rect damage = ai.mTmpInvalRect; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//设置刷新区域</span> damage.set(l, t, r, b); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//传递调运Parent ViewGroup的invalidateChild方法</span> p.invalidateChild(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, damage); } ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">76</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">77</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">78</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">79</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">80</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">81</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">82</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">83</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">84</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">85</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">86</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">87</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">88</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">89</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">90</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">91</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">92</li></ul>看见没有，View的invalidate（invalidateInternal）方法实质是将要刷新区域直接传递给了父ViewGroup的invalidateChild方法，在invalidate中，调用父View的invalidateChild，这是一个从当前向上级父View回溯的过程，每一层的父View都将自己的显示区域与传入的刷新Rect做交集 。所以我们看下ViewGroup的invalidateChild方法，源码如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">invalidateChild</span>(View child, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Rect dirty) { ViewParent parent = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> AttachInfo attachInfo = mAttachInfo; ...... do { ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//循环层层上级调运，直到ViewRootImpl会返回null</span> parent = parent.invalidateChildInParent(location, dirty); ...... } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (parent != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>这个过程最后传递到ViewRootImpl的invalidateChildInParent方法结束，所以我们看下ViewRootImpl的invalidateChildInParent方法，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> ViewParent <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">invalidateChildInParent</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>[] location, Rect dirty) { ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//View调运invalidate最终层层上传到ViewRootImpl后最终触发了该方法</span> scheduleTraversals(); ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>看见没有？这个ViewRootImpl类的invalidateChildInParent方法直接返回了null，也就是上面ViewGroup中说的，层层上级传递到ViewRootImpl的invalidateChildInParent方法结束了那个do while循环。看见这里调运的scheduleTraversals这个方法吗？scheduleTraversals会通过Handler的Runnable发送一个异步消息，调运doTraversal方法，然后最终调用performTraversals()执行重绘。开头背景知识介绍说过的，performTraversals就是整个View数开始绘制的起始调运地方，所以说View调运invalidate方法的实质是层层上传到父级，直到传递到ViewRootImpl后触发了scheduleTraversals方法，然后整个View树开始重新按照上面分析的View绘制流程进行重绘任务。
到此View的invalidate方法原理就分析完成了。
5-2 postInvalidate方法源码分析
上面分析invalidate方法时注释中说该方法只能在UI Thread中执行，其他线程中需要使用postInvalidate方法，所以我们来分析分析postInvalidate这个方法源码。如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">postInvalidate</span>() { postInvalidateDelayed(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>继续看下他的调运方法postInvalidateDelayed，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">postInvalidateDelayed</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> delayMilliseconds) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// We try only with the AttachInfo because there's no point in invalidating</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// if we are not attached to our window</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> AttachInfo attachInfo = mAttachInfo; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//核心，实质就是调运了ViewRootImpl.dispatchInvalidateDelayed方法</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (attachInfo != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { attachInfo.mViewRootImpl.dispatchInvalidateDelayed(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, delayMilliseconds); } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>我们继续看他调运的ViewRootImpl类的dispatchInvalidateDelayed方法，如下源码：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">dispatchInvalidateDelayed</span>(View view, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> delayMilliseconds) { Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_INVALIDATE, view); mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg, delayMilliseconds); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>看见没有，通过ViewRootImpl类的Handler发送了一条MSG_INVALIDATE消息，继续追踪这条消息的处理可以发现：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">handleMessage</span>(Message msg) { ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (msg.what) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MSG_INVALIDATE: ((View) msg.obj).invalidate(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; ...... } ......}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>看见没有，实质就是又在UI Thread中调运了View的invalidate();方法，那接下来View的invalidate();方法我们就不说了，上名已经分析过了。
到此整个View的postInvalidate方法就分析完成了。
5-3 invalidate与postInvalidate方法总结
依据上面对View的invalidate分析我总结绘制如下流程图：
依据上面对View的postInvalidate分析我总结绘制如下流程图：
关于这两个方法的具体流程和原理上面也分析过了，流程图也给出了，相信已经很明确了，没啥需要解释的了。所以我们对其做一个整体总结，归纳出重点如下：
invalidate系列方法请求重绘View树（也就是draw方法），如果View大小没有发生变化就不会调用layout过程，并且只绘制那些“需要重绘的”View，也就是哪个View(View只绘制该View，ViewGroup绘制整个ViewGroup)请求invalidate系列方法，就绘制该View。
常见的引起invalidate方法操作的原因主要有：
- 直接调用invalidate方法.请求重新draw，但只会绘制调用者本身。
- 触发setSelection方法。请求重新draw，但只会绘制调用者本身。
- 触发setVisibility方法。 当View可视状态在INVISIBLE转换VISIBLE时会间接调用invalidate方法，继而绘制该View。当View的可视状态在INVISIBLE\VISIBLE 转换为GONE状态时会间接调用requestLayout和invalidate方法，同时由于View树大小发生了变化，所以会请求measure过程以及draw过程，同样只绘制需要“重新绘制”的视图。
- 触发setEnabled方法。请求重新draw，但不会重新绘制任何View包括该调用者本身。
- 触发requestFocus方法。请求View树的draw过程，只绘制“需要重绘”的View。
5-4 通过invalidate方法分析结果回过头去解决一个背景介绍中的疑惑
分析完invalidate后需要你回过头去想一个问题。还记不记得这篇文章的开头背景介绍，我们说整个View绘制流程的最初代码是在ViewRootImpl类的performTraversals()方法中开始的。上面当时只是告诉你了这个结论，至于这个ViewRootImpl类的performTraversals()方法为何会被触发没有说明原因。现在我们就来分析一下这个触发的源头。
让我们先把大脑思考暂时挪回到《Android应用setContentView与LayoutInflater加载解析机制源码分析》这篇博文的setContentView机制分析中（不清楚的请点击先看这篇文章再回过头来继续看）。我们先来看下那篇博文分析的PhoneWindow的setContentView方法源码，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">setContentView</span>(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params) { ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//如果mContentParent为空进行一些初始化，实质mContentParent是通过findViewById(ID_ANDROID_CONTENT);获取的id为content的FrameLayout的布局（不清楚的请先看《Android应用setContentView与LayoutInflater加载解析机制源码分析》文章）</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mContentParent == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { installDecor(); } ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//把我们的view追加到mContentParent</span> mContentParent.addView(view, params); ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul>这个方法是Activity中setContentView的实现，我们继续看下这个方法里调运的addView方法，也就是ViewGroup的addView方法，如下：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">addView</span>(View child) { addView(child, -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">addView</span>(View child, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> index) { ...... addView(child, index, params); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">addView</span>(View child, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> index, LayoutParams params) { ...... <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//该方法稍后后面会详细分析</span> requestLayout(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//重点关注！！！</span> invalidate(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>); ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li></ul>看见addView调运invalidate方法没有？这不就真相大白了。当我们写一个Activity时，我们一定会通过setContentView方法将我们要展示的界面传入该方法，该方法会讲我们界面通过addView追加到id为content的一个FrameLayout（ViewGroup）中，然后addView方法中通过调运invalidate(true)去通知触发ViewRootImpl类的performTraversals()方法，至此递归绘制我们自定义的所有布局。
6 View的requestLayout方法源码分析
6-1 requestLayout方法分析
和invalidate类似，其实在上面分析View绘制流程时或多或少都调运到了这个方法，而且这个方法对于View来说也比较重要，所以我们接下来分析一下他。如下View的requestLayout源码：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">requestLayout</span>() { ...... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mParent != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> && !mParent.isLayoutRequested()) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//由此向ViewParent请求布局</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//从这个View开始向上一直requestLayout，最终到达ViewRootImpl的requestLayout</span> mParent.requestLayout(); } ...... }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>看见没有，当我们触发View的requestLayout时其实质就是层层向上传递，直到ViewRootImpl为止，然后触发ViewRootImpl的requestLayout方法，如下就是ViewRootImpl的requestLayout方法：
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">requestLayout</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest) { checkThread(); mLayoutRequested = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//View调运requestLayout最终层层上传到ViewRootImpl后最终触发了该方法</span> scheduleTraversals(); } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>看见没有，类似于上面分析的invalidate过程，只是设置的标记不同，导致对于View的绘制流程中触发的方法不同而已。
6-2 requestLayout方法总结
可以看见，这些方法都是大同小异。对于requestLayout方法来说总结如下：
requestLayout()方法会调用measure过程和layout过程，不会调用draw过程，也不会重新绘制任何View包括该调用者本身。
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