Android Handler 四个使用实例 及HandlerThread的使用,androidhandler实例,HandlerThread 源码分析

来源:互联网 发布:淘宝2017年双十一 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/21 05:05



当应用程序启动时,Android首先会开启一个主线程 (也就是UI线程),主线程为管理界面中的UI控件,进行事件分发,比如说:点击一个Button,Android会分发事件到Button上,来响应你的操作。如果此时需要一个耗时的操作。例如: 联网读取数据,或者读取本地较大的一个文件的时候,你不能把这些操作放在主线程中,如果你放在主线程中的话,界面会出现假死现象,如果5秒钟还没有完成的话,会收到Android系统的一个错误提示"强制关闭"。这个时候我们需要把这些耗时的操作,放在一个子线程中,因为子线程涉及到UI更新,Android主线程是线程不安全的,也就是说,更新UI只能在主线程中更新,子线程中操作是危险的。这个时候,Handler就出现了,来解决这个复杂的问题,由于Handler运行在主线程中(UI线程中),它与子线程可以通过Message对象来传递数据,这个时候,Handler就承担着接收子线程传过来的(子线程用sendMessage()方法传递)Message对象(里面包含数据),把这些消息放入主线程队列中,配合主线程进行UI更新。


Handler使用实例一、

这个例子介绍最简单的Handler使用,是将Handler绑定到它所建立的线程中。本次实例完成的功能是:单击“开始”按钮,程序会开始启动线程,并且线程程序完成后延时1s后继续启动该线程,每次线程的run函数中完成对界面输出UpdateThread...文字,不停的运行下去,当单击“结束”按钮时,该线程就会停止,如果继续单击“开始”,则文字又开始输出了。

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源代码:

package com.example.handlertest;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;public class MainActivity extends Activity {    private TextView text_view = null;    private Button start = null;    private Button end = null;    //使用handler时首先要创建一个handler    Handler handler = new Handler();    //要用handler来处理多线程可以使用runnable接口,这里先定义该接口    //线程中运行该接口的run函数    Runnable update_thread = new Runnable()    {        public void run()        {            //线程每次执行时输出"UpdateThread..."文字,\n为自动换行            text_view.append("\nUpdateThread...");            //延时1s后又将线程加入到线程队列中            handler.postDelayed(update_thread, 1000);        }    };    @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        text_view = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.text_view);        start = (Button)findViewById(R.id.start);        start.setOnClickListener(new StartClickListener());        end = (Button)findViewById(R.id.end);        end.setOnClickListener(new EndClickListener());    }    private class StartClickListener implements OnClickListener    {        public void onClick(View v) {            // TODO Auto-generated method stub            //将线程接口立刻送到线程队列中            handler.post(update_thread);        }                    }    private class EndClickListener implements OnClickListener    {        public void onClick(View v) {            // TODO Auto-generated method stub            //将接口从线程队列中移除            handler.removeCallbacks(update_thread);        }    }}
布局文件:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical" >    <TextView        android:id="@+id/text_view"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="200dip"        android:text="@string/hello_world"        tools:context=".MainActivity" />    <Button         android:id="@+id/start"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="开始"        />    <Button         android:id="@+id/end"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="结束"        /></LinearLayout>


Handler使用实例二、

这个例子比刚才那个例子稍微复杂些。因为这个例子中用到了Handler的消息队列机制,即通过Handler中一个线程向消息队列中用sendMessage方法发送消息,发送的消息当然可以用来传递参数。在Handler中用handleMessage来处理消息,处理方法是获得消息队列中的消息参数,用这些参数来完成另外一些功能。
本实例实现的是当“Start”按钮按下时,会启动一个线程,并绑定到Handler中,该线程发送带有参数的message到handler的消息队列中,消息队列的另一端获取该消息,并且用该消息的参数来更新进度条。

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源代码:

package com.example.handlertest;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.Message;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.ProgressBar;public class MainActivity extends Activity {private ProgressBar progress_bar = null;private Button start = null;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);progress_bar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progress_bar);start = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start);start.setOnClickListener(new StartOnClickListener());}private class StartOnClickListener implements OnClickListener {public void onClick(View v) {// 让进度条显示出来progress_bar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);// 将线程加入到handler的线程队列中update_progress_bar.post(update_thread);}}// 创建一个handler,内部完成处理消息方法Handler update_progress_bar = new Handler() {@Overridepublic void handleMessage(Message msg) {// super.handleMessage(msg);// 显示进度条progress_bar.setProgress(msg.arg1);// 重新把进程加入到进程队列中update_progress_bar.post(update_thread);}};// 不加这个分号则不能自动添加代码Runnable update_thread = new Runnable() {int i = 0;public void run() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubi += 10;// 首先获得一个消息结构Message msg = update_progress_bar.obtainMessage();// 给消息结构的arg1参数赋值msg.arg1 = i;// 延时1s,java中的try+catch用来排错处理try {Thread.sleep(1000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {// TODO: handle exceptione.printStackTrace();}// 把消息发送到消息队列中update_progress_bar.sendMessage(msg);if (i == 100) {// 把线程从线程队列中移除update_progress_bar.removeCallbacks(update_thread);}}};}
布局文件:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical" >    <Button         android:id="@+id/start"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"        android:text="@string/start"        />    <ProgressBar         android:id="@+id/progress_bar"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="100dip"        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"        android:visibility="gone"        /></LinearLayout>
Handler使用实例三、
上面2个例子表面上看Handler使用了post方法启动了runnbale,其实启动的线程和activity主线程是同一个线程,因为它只是运行了线程的run方法,而不是start方法。实例3的目的是为了验证仅使用Handler的post方法是否处于同一个线程。
该实例在主activtiy的onCreate函数中打印了2条关于本线程的信息,然后创建一个Handler并为它绑定一个线程,在线程的run方法中也打印了线程的信息,观察2者的信息是否一样。
结果如下:
说明这2个线程确实是同一线程,并且可以看出主界面中的文字大概过了5s才显示出来,因为语句setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);放在了handler的post启动语句后面,而handler绑定的线程中又延时了5s,所以同时也证明了只有是同一个线程才会出现这种情况。而且Logcat中打印出如下日志:

09-06 17:10:19.353: I/Choreographer(19937): Skipped 62 frames!  The application may be doing too much work on its main thread.
源代码:
package com.example.handlertest;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;public class MainActivity extends Activity { //新建一个handler    private Handler handler = new Handler();    @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        //将runnable加载到handler的线程队列中去        handler.post(r);                //Thread t = new Thread(r);        //t.start();        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        //打印activtiy线程信息        System.out.println("activity_id---->"+Thread.currentThread().getId());        System.out.println("activity_name---->"+Thread.currentThread().getName());    }    Runnable r = new Runnable()    {        public void run() {            //打印新建线程信息            System.out.println("handler_id---->"+Thread.currentThread().getId());            System.out.println("handler_name---->"+Thread.currentThread().getName());            //延时10s,为了观察主界面中内容出现的时间            try {                Thread.sleep(5000);            } catch (InterruptedException e) {                // TODO: handle exception                e.printStackTrace();            }        }    };}
如果把语句:
handler.post(r);
换成:
Thread t = new Thread(r);
t.start();
其它的不变,则程序运行时主界面内容立刻就显示出来了,且系统输出如下:
这2者都说明这样绑定的线程与它所在的activity线程就不是同一个线程了。


Handler使用实例四、

这个例子将学会怎样不使用runnable来启动一个线程,而是用HandlerThread的looper来构造一个handler,然后该handler自己获得消息,并传递数据,然后又自己处理消息,当然这是在另一个线程中完成的。
消息结构中传递简单的整型可以采用它的参数arg1和arg2,或者传递一些小的其它数据,可以用它的Object,该Object可以是任意的对象。当需要传送比较大的数据是,可以使用消息的setData方法,该方法需要传递一个Bundle的参数。Bundle中存放的是键值对的map,只是它的键值类型和数据类型比较固定而已。

源代码:

package com.example.handlertest;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.HandlerThread;import android.os.Looper;import android.os.Message;public class MainActivity extends Activity {@Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        System.out.println("activity_ID---->"+Thread.currentThread().getId());        //新建一个HanderThread对象,该对象实现了用Looper来处理消息队列的功能        HandlerThread handler_thread = new HandlerThread("handler_thread");        handler_thread.start();        //MyHandler类是自己继承的一个类,这里采用hand_thread的Looper来初始化它        MyHandler my_handler = new MyHandler(handler_thread.getLooper());        //获得一个消息msg        Message msg = my_handler.obtainMessage();        //采用Bundle保存数据,Bundle中存放的是键值对的map,只是它的键值类型和数据类型比较固定而已        Bundle b = new Bundle();        b.putString("whether", "晴天");        b.putInt("temperature", 34);        msg.setData(b);        //将msg发送到自己的handler中,这里指的是my_handler,调用该handler的HandleMessage方法来处理该mug        msg.sendToTarget();    }    class MyHandler extends Handler    {        //空的构造函数        public MyHandler()        {}        //以Looper类型参数传递的函数,Looper为消息泵,不断循环的从消息队列中得到消息并处理,因此        //每个消息队列都有一个Looper,因为Looper是已经封装好了的消息队列和消息循环的类        public MyHandler(Looper looper)        {            //调用父类的构造函数            super(looper);        }        @Override        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {            //此处能看到,消息处理不是在主线程中执行的            System.out.println("Handler_ID---->"+Thread.currentThread().getId());            System.out.println("Handler_Name---->"+Thread.currentThread().getId());            //将消息中的bundle数据取出来            Bundle b = msg.getData();            String whether = b.getString("whether");            int temperature = b.getInt("temperature");            System.out.println("whether= "+whether+" ,temperature= "+temperature);        }    }}

总结:
Android中的handler可以用来完成异步的消息出来,即发送消息和接收消息相互独立,可以同时运行。在例1和例2中,实际上handler中使用的线程是与它所在的activity处于同一个主线程,因为handler中调用的runnable接口是直接运行该接口的run函数的,而不是start函数。例3专门比较了这2中情况。例4学会使用怎样在新线程中处理消息的方法。

原文出处:http://www.android100.org/html/201509/11/180746.html


HandlerThread 源码分析

对于所有Looper,Handler相关细节统一参考上面提到的文章。

我们轻轻的掀开HandlerThread的源码,还记得我们是通过

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"> mCheckMsgThread = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HandlerThread(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"check-message-coming"</span>); mCheckMsgThread.start(); </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

创建和启动的对象,那么随便扫一眼:

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> android.os;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HandlerThread</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Thread</span> {</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> mPriority;    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> mTid = -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>;    Looper mLooper;    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">HandlerThread</span>(String name) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(name);        mPriority = Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_DEFAULT;    }    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onLooperPrepared</span>() {    }    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">run</span>() {        mTid = Process.myTid();        Looper.prepare();        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">synchronized</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>) {            mLooper = Looper.myLooper();            notifyAll();        }        Process.setThreadPriority(mPriority);        onLooperPrepared();        Looper.loop();        mTid = -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>;    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li></ul>

看到了什么,其实我们就是初始化和启动了一个线程;然后我们看run()方法,可以看到该方法中调用了Looper.prepare(),Loop.loop();

prepare()呢,中创建了一个Looper对象,并且把该对象放到了该线程范围内的变量中(sThreadLocal),在Looper对象的构造过程中,初始化了一个MessageQueue,作为该Looper对象成员变量。

loop()就开启了,不断的循环从MessageQueue中取消息处理了,当没有消息的时候会阻塞,有消息的到来的时候会唤醒。如果你不明白我说的,参考上面推荐的文章。


接下来,我们创建了一个mCheckMsgHandler,是这么创建的:

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">mCheckMsgHandler = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Handler(mCheckMsgThread.getLooper())</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

对应源码

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> Looper <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getLooper</span>() {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!isAlive()) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>;        }        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// If the thread has been started, wait until the looper has been created.</span>        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">synchronized</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (isAlive() && mLooper == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> {                    wait();                } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) {                }            }        }        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mLooper;    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>

mCheckMsgThread.getLooper()返回的就是我们在run方法中创建的mLooper。

那么Handler的构造呢,其实就是在Handler中持有一个指向该Looper.mQueue对象,当handler调用sendMessage方法时,其实就是往该mQueue中去插入一个message,然后Looper.loop()就会取出执行。


HandlerThread 源码分析

对于所有Looper,Handler相关细节统一参考上面提到的文章。

我们轻轻的掀开HandlerThread的源码,还记得我们是通过

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"> mCheckMsgThread = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HandlerThread(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"check-message-coming"</span>); mCheckMsgThread.start(); </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

创建和启动的对象,那么随便扫一眼:

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> android.os;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HandlerThread</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Thread</span> {</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> mPriority;    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> mTid = -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>;    Looper mLooper;    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">HandlerThread</span>(String name) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(name);        mPriority = Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_DEFAULT;    }    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onLooperPrepared</span>() {    }    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">run</span>() {        mTid = Process.myTid();        Looper.prepare();        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">synchronized</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>) {            mLooper = Looper.myLooper();            notifyAll();        }        Process.setThreadPriority(mPriority);        onLooperPrepared();        Looper.loop();        mTid = -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>;    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li></ul>

看到了什么,其实我们就是初始化和启动了一个线程;然后我们看run()方法,可以看到该方法中调用了Looper.prepare(),Loop.loop();

prepare()呢,中创建了一个Looper对象,并且把该对象放到了该线程范围内的变量中(sThreadLocal),在Looper对象的构造过程中,初始化了一个MessageQueue,作为该Looper对象成员变量。

loop()就开启了,不断的循环从MessageQueue中取消息处理了,当没有消息的时候会阻塞,有消息的到来的时候会唤醒。如果你不明白我说的,参考上面推荐的文章。


接下来,我们创建了一个mCheckMsgHandler,是这么创建的:

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">mCheckMsgHandler = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Handler(mCheckMsgThread.getLooper())</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

对应源码

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> Looper <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getLooper</span>() {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!isAlive()) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>;        }        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// If the thread has been started, wait until the looper has been created.</span>        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">synchronized</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (isAlive() && mLooper == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> {                    wait();                } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) {                }            }        }        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mLooper;    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>

mCheckMsgThread.getLooper()返回的就是我们在run方法中创建的mLooper。

那么Handler的构造呢,其实就是在Handler中持有一个指向该Looper.mQueue对象,当handler调用sendMessage方法时,其实就是往该mQueue中去插入一个message,然后Looper.loop()就会取出执行。


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