应用插件化实践--DroidPlugin的使用

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随着应用的体积越来越大, 插件化也逐渐受到关注, 参考. 应用插件化把模块完全解耦, 使用下载更新的方式, 扩展应用, 是平台化类应用的必然选择. 国内很多公司实现了各式各样的方法, 360的DroidPlugin是比较有意思的一个, 使用预占位的方式注册四大组件, 实现热更新, 参考, 也可以直接读源码理解实现逻辑.

Talk is cheap, show you the code! 如何把DroidPlugin用起来呢? 这是我比较关注的事情, 开源的Demo写的如此悲伤, 我来重新梳理一下, 又添加了几个功能测试. 引入DroidPlugin作为Submodule的依赖.

Github下载地址 和 测试Apk.

使用方法, 生成测试apk, 和其他若干apk, 放入Download文件夹下.
adb命令: adb push app-debug.apk /sdcard/Download/app-debug.apk
确保Download文件夹下, 有.apk后缀名的文件.

主要
(1) 插件安装后, 可以直接启动, 不需要任何冗余操作.
(2) 宿主的权限要多于插件的权限, 否则会权限不足.
(3) 宿主和插件, 可以通过隐式Intent进行通信.

1. 主页

使用TabLayout+ViewPager的架构, 包含两个页面, 一个是安装\删除页面, 另一个是启动\卸载页面. 为了测试和插件的Intent通信, 增加跳转功能和显示信息功能.

/** * 主页面, 使用TabLayout+ViewPager. * 子页面, 使用RecyclerView. * * @author wangchenlong */public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    @Bind(R.id.main_tl_tabs) TabLayout mTlTabs; // Tabs    @Bind(R.id.main_vp_container) ViewPager mVpContainer; // ViewPager    @Bind(R.id.main_b_goto) Button mBGoto; // 跳转插件的按钮    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        ButterKnife.bind(this);        PagerAdapter adapter = new PagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());        mVpContainer.setAdapter(adapter);        mTlTabs.setupWithViewPager(mVpContainer);        mBGoto.setOnClickListener(this::gotoPlugin);        Intent intent = getIntent();        if (intent != null && intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.MASTER_EXTRA_STRING) != null) {            String words = "say: " + intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.MASTER_EXTRA_STRING);            Toast.makeText(this, words, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        }    }    // 跳转控件    private void gotoPlugin(View view) {        if (isActionAvailable(view.getContext(), PluginConsts.PLUGIN_ACTION_MAIN)) {            Intent intent = new Intent(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_ACTION_MAIN);            intent.putExtra(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_EXTRA_STRING, "Hello, My Plugin!");            startActivity(intent);        } else {            Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "跳转失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        }    }    // Action是否允许    public static boolean isActionAvailable(Context context, String action) {        Intent intent = new Intent(action);        return context.getPackageManager().resolveActivity(intent, 0) != null;    }}

ViewPager适配器

/** * ViewPager的适配器 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/8. */public class PagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {    private static final String[] TITLES = {            "已安装",            "未安装"    };    public PagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {        super(fm);    }    @Override public Fragment getItem(int position) {        if (position == 0) {            return new StartFragment(); // 已安装页        } else {            return new StoreFragment(); // 想要安装页        }    }    @Override public int getCount() {        return TITLES.length;    }    @Override    public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {        return TITLES[position];    }}

2. 加载页

显示Download文件夹下的Apk信息. 使用RecyclerView实现apk列表, 复用Adapter, 标志位(ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE)区分页面. 使用Rx异步扫描Download文件夹, 添加至列表. 接收服务连接状态, 成功则自动显示Apk.

/** * 安装Apk的页面, 使用RecyclerView. * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/8. */public class StoreFragment extends Fragment {    @Bind(R.id.list_rv_recycler) RecyclerView mRvRecycler;    private ApkListAdapter mStoreAdapter; // 适配器    // 服务连接    private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {        @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {            loadApks();        }        @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {        }    };    @Nullable @Override    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_list, container, false);        ButterKnife.bind(this, view);        return view;    }    @Override public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);        LinearLayoutManager llm = new LinearLayoutManager(view.getContext());        llm.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);        mRvRecycler.setLayoutManager(llm);        mStoreAdapter = new ApkListAdapter(getActivity(), ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE);        mRvRecycler.setAdapter(mStoreAdapter);        if (PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {            loadApks();        } else {            PluginManager.getInstance().addServiceConnection(mServiceConnection);        }    }    // 加载Apk    private void loadApks() {        // 异步加载, 防止Apk过多, 影响速度        Observable.just(getApkFromDownload())                .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())                .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                .subscribe(mStoreAdapter::setApkItems);    }    // 从下载文件夹获取Apk    private ArrayList<ApkItem> getApkFromDownload() {        File files = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);        PackageManager pm = getActivity().getPackageManager();        ArrayList<ApkItem> apkItems = new ArrayList<>();        for (File file : files.listFiles()) {            if (file.exists() && file.getPath().toLowerCase().endsWith(".apk")) {                final PackageInfo info = pm.getPackageArchiveInfo(file.getPath(), 0);                apkItems.add(new ApkItem(pm, info, file.getPath()));            }        }        return apkItems;    }    @Override    public void onDestroyView() {        super.onDestroyView();        ButterKnife.unbind(this);        PluginManager.getInstance().removeServiceConnection(mServiceConnection);    }}

适配器, 负责列表显示, 操作交由ViewHolder进行处理.

/** * 启动的适配器 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13. */public class ApkListAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ApkItemViewHolder> {    private ArrayList<ApkItem> mApkItems;    private Activity mActivity;    private int mType; // 类型    public ApkListAdapter(Activity activity, int type) {        mActivity = activity;        mApkItems = new ArrayList<>();        mType = type;    }    public void setApkItems(ArrayList<ApkItem> apkItems) {        mApkItems = apkItems;        notifyDataSetChanged();    }    public void addApkItem(ApkItem apkItem) {        mApkItems.add(apkItem);        notifyItemInserted(mApkItems.size() + 1);    }    public void removeApkItem(ApkItem apkItem) {        mApkItems.remove(apkItem);        notifyDataSetChanged();    }    public ApkItem getApkItem(int index) {        return mApkItems.get(index);    }    public int getCount() {        return mApkItems.size();    }    @Override public ApkItemViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.apk_item, parent, false);        return new ApkItemViewHolder(mActivity, view, mType, this::removeApkItem);    }    @Override public void onBindViewHolder(ApkItemViewHolder holder, int position) {        holder.bindTo(mApkItems.get(position));    }    @Override public int getItemCount() {        return mApkItems.size();    }}

注意, 在设置Item时, 需要刷新列表, 使用notifyDataSetChanged或notifyItemInserted.

ViewHolder, 控制列表点击事件, 根据页面类型, 修改调用方法.

/** * Apk的列表, 参考: R.layout.apk_item * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13. */public class ApkItemViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {    @Bind(R.id.apk_item_iv_icon) ImageView mIvIcon; // 图标    @Bind(R.id.apk_item_tv_title) TextView mTvTitle; // 标题    @Bind(R.id.apk_item_tv_version) TextView mTvVersion; // 版本号    @Bind(R.id.apk_item_b_do) Button mBDo; // 确定按钮    @Bind(R.id.apk_item_b_undo) Button mBUndo; // 取消按钮    private ApkItem mApkItem; // Apk项    private Context mContext; // 上下文    private ApkOperator mApkOperator; // Apk操作    private int mType; // 类型    /**     * 初始化ViewHolder     *     * @param activity Dialog绑定Activity     * @param itemView 项视图     * @param type     类型, 加载或启动     * @param callback 删除Item的调用     */    public ApkItemViewHolder(Activity activity, View itemView            , int type, ApkOperator.RemoveCallback callback) {        super(itemView);        ButterKnife.bind(this, itemView);        mContext = activity.getApplicationContext();        mApkOperator = new ApkOperator(activity, callback); // Apk操作        mType = type; // 类型    }    // 绑定ViewHolder    public void bindTo(ApkItem apkItem) {        mApkItem = apkItem;        mIvIcon.setImageDrawable(apkItem.icon);        mTvTitle.setText(apkItem.title);        mTvVersion.setText(String.format("%s(%s)", apkItem.versionName, apkItem.versionCode));        // 修改文字        if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE) {            mBUndo.setText("删除");            mBDo.setText("安装");        } else if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_START) {            mBUndo.setText("卸载");            mBDo.setText("启动");        }        mBUndo.setOnClickListener(this::onClickEvent);        mBDo.setOnClickListener(this::onClickEvent);    }    // 点击事件    private void onClickEvent(View view) {        if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE) {            if (view.equals(mBUndo)) {                mApkOperator.deleteApk(mApkItem);            } else if (view.equals(mBDo)) {                // 安装Apk较慢需要使用异步线程                new InstallApkTask().execute();            }        } else if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_START) {            if (view.equals(mBUndo)) {                mApkOperator.uninstallApk(mApkItem);            } else if (view.equals(mBDo)) {                mApkOperator.openApk(mApkItem);            }        }    }    // 安装Apk的线程, Rx无法使用.    private class InstallApkTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> {        @Override        protected void onPostExecute(String v) {            Toast.makeText(mContext, v, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();        }        @Override        protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {            return mApkOperator.installApk(mApkItem);        }    }}

注意, 安装Apk使用异步线程(AsyncTask), 不能使用Rx.

3. 启动页

启动页面, 显示已安装的Apk, 包含启动和卸载功能. 与安装页不同, 额外增加一个接收器, 负责接收安装成功之后的广播, 用于更新列表.

/** * 启动Apk页面 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13. */public class StartFragment extends Fragment {    @Bind(R.id.list_rv_recycler) RecyclerView mRvRecycler;    private ApkListAdapter mApkListAdapter; // 适配器    private InstallApkReceiver mInstallApkReceiver; // Apk安装接收器    // 服务连接    private final ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {        @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {            loadApks();        }        @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {        }    };    @Nullable @Override    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_list, container, false);        ButterKnife.bind(this, view);        return view;    }    @Override public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);        LinearLayoutManager llm = new LinearLayoutManager(view.getContext());        llm.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);        mRvRecycler.setLayoutManager(llm);        mApkListAdapter = new ApkListAdapter(getActivity(), ApkOperator.TYPE_START);        mRvRecycler.setAdapter(mApkListAdapter);        mInstallApkReceiver = new InstallApkReceiver();        mInstallApkReceiver.registerReceiver(this.getActivity());        if (PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {            loadApks();        } else {            PluginManager.getInstance().addServiceConnection(mServiceConnection);        }    }    @Override    public void onDestroyView() {        super.onDestroyView();        ButterKnife.unbind(this);        mInstallApkReceiver.unregisterReceiver(this.getActivity());    }    // 加载Apk    private void loadApks() {        // 异步加载, 防止Apk过多, 影响速度        Observable.just(getApkFromInstall())                .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())                .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                .subscribe(mApkListAdapter::setApkItems);    }    // 获取安装中获取Apk    private ArrayList<ApkItem> getApkFromInstall() {        ArrayList<ApkItem> apkItems = new ArrayList<>();        try {            final List<PackageInfo> infos = PluginManager.getInstance().getInstalledPackages(0);            if (infos == null) {                return apkItems;            }            final PackageManager pm = getActivity().getPackageManager();            // noinspection all            for (final PackageInfo info : infos) {                apkItems.add(new ApkItem(pm, info, info.applicationInfo.publicSourceDir));            }        } catch (RemoteException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return apkItems;    }    // 安装Apk接收器    private class InstallApkReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {        // 注册监听        public void registerReceiver(Context context) {            IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();            filter.addAction(PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);            filter.addAction(PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED);            filter.addDataScheme("package");            context.registerReceiver(this, filter);        }        // 关闭监听        public void unregisterReceiver(Context context) {            context.unregisterReceiver(this);        }        @Override        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {            // 监听添加和删除事件            if (PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED.equals(intent.getAction())) {                try {                    PackageManager pm = getActivity().getPackageManager();                    String pkg = intent.getData().getAuthority();                    PackageInfo info = PluginManager.getInstance().getPackageInfo(pkg, 0);                    mApkListAdapter.addApkItem(new ApkItem(pm, info, info.applicationInfo.publicSourceDir));                } catch (Exception e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            } else if (PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED.equals(intent.getAction())) {                String pkg = intent.getData().getAuthority();                int num = mApkListAdapter.getCount();                ApkItem removedItem = null;                for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {                    ApkItem item = mApkListAdapter.getApkItem(i);                    if (TextUtils.equals(item.packageInfo.packageName, pkg)) {                        removedItem = item;                        break;                    }                }                if (removedItem != null) {                    mApkListAdapter.removeApkItem(removedItem);                }            }        }    }}

复用Adapter和ViewHolder, 代码简介之道.

4. 方法类

四大方法, 安装\删除\启动\卸载, 在删除和卸载时, 均会提示Dialog. 注意的是安装Apk, 耗时较长, 需要使用异步线程.

/** * Apk操作, 包含删除\安装\卸载\启动Apk * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13. */public class ApkOperator {    public static final int TYPE_STORE = 0; // 存储Apk    public static final int TYPE_START = 1; // 启动Apk    private Activity mActivity;       // 绑定Dialog    private RemoveCallback mCallback; // 删除Item的回调    public ApkOperator(Activity activity, RemoveCallback callback) {        mActivity = activity;        mCallback = callback;    }    // 删除Apk    public void deleteApk(final ApkItem item) {        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mActivity);        builder.setTitle("警告");        builder.setMessage("你确定要删除" + item.title + "么？");        builder.setNegativeButton("删除", (dialog, which) -> {            if (new File(item.apkFile).delete()) {                mCallback.removeItem(item);                Toast.makeText(mActivity, "删除成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            } else {                Toast.makeText(mActivity, "删除失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }        });        builder.setNeutralButton("取消", null);        builder.show();    }    /**     * 安装Apk, 耗时较长, 需要使用异步线程     *     * @param item Apk项     * @return [0:成功, 1:已安装, -1:连接失败, -2:权限不足, -3:安装失败]     */    public String installApk(final ApkItem item) {        if (!PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {            return "连接失败"; // 连接失败        }        if (isApkInstall(item)) {            return "已安装"; // 已安装        }        try {            int result = PluginManager.getInstance().installPackage(item.apkFile, 0);            boolean isRequestPermission = (result == PluginManager.INSTALL_FAILED_NO_REQUESTEDPERMISSION);            if (isRequestPermission) {                return "权限不足";            }        } catch (RemoteException e) {            e.printStackTrace();            return "安装失败";        }        return "成功";    }    // Apk是否安装    private boolean isApkInstall(ApkItem apkItem) {        PackageInfo info = null;        try {            info = PluginManager.getInstance().getPackageInfo(apkItem.packageInfo.packageName, 0);        } catch (RemoteException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return info != null;    }    // 卸载Apk    public void uninstallApk(final ApkItem item) {        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mActivity);        builder.setTitle("警告");        builder.setMessage("警告，你确定要卸载" + item.title + "么？");        builder.setNegativeButton("卸载", (dialog, which) -> {            if (!PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {                Toast.makeText(mActivity, "服务未连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            } else {                try {                    PluginManager.getInstance().deletePackage(item.packageInfo.packageName, 0);                    mCallback.removeItem(item);                    Toast.makeText(mActivity, "卸载完成", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                } catch (RemoteException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        });        builder.setNeutralButton("取消", null);        builder.show();    }    // 打开Apk    public void openApk(final ApkItem item) {        PackageManager pm = mActivity.getPackageManager();        Intent intent = pm.getLaunchIntentForPackage(item.packageInfo.packageName);        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);        mActivity.startActivity(intent);    }    // 删除Item回调, Adapter调用删除Item    public interface RemoveCallback {        void removeItem(ApkItem apkItem);    }}

5. 互动Apk

为了测试DroidPlugin的一些特性, 又写了一个测试Apk.
测试插件和宿主的通信, 插件类的生命周期.

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private static final String TAG = "DEBUG-WCL: " + MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();    @Bind(R.id.main_b_goto_master) Button mBGotoMaster;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        ButterKnife.bind(this);        Intent intent = getIntent();        if (intent != null && intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_EXTRA_STRING) != null) {            String words = "say: " + intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_EXTRA_STRING);            Toast.makeText(this, words, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        }        mBGotoMaster.setOnClickListener(this::gotoMaster);        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate"); // 测试生命周期    }    @Override protected void onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy"); // 测试生命周期    }    // 跳转控件    private void gotoMaster(View view) {        if (isActionAvailable(view.getContext(), PluginConsts.MASTER_ACTION_MAIN)) {            Intent intent = new Intent(PluginConsts.MASTER_ACTION_MAIN);            intent.putExtra(PluginConsts.MASTER_EXTRA_STRING, "Hello, My Master!");            startActivity(intent);        } else {            Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "跳转失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        }    }    // Action是否允许    public static boolean isActionAvailable(Context context, String action) {        Intent intent = new Intent(action);        return context.getPackageManager().resolveActivity(intent, 0) != null;    }}

有时间可以再试试其他公司的插件化. One by One.

OK, that’s all! Enjoy It.