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如何使用Spring开发和监控线程池服务

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线程池对执行同步或异步的任务很重要。本文展示如何利用Spring开发并监控线程池服务。创建线程池的其他两种方法已讲解过。

使用技术

  • JDK 1.6.0_21
  • Spring 3.0.5
  • Maven 3.0.2

第1步：创建Maven工程

下面是一个maven工程。（可以使用Maven或IDE的插件创建）。

第2步：添加依赖库

将Spring的依赖添加到Maven的pom.xml文件中。

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<!-- Spring 3 dependencies -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

使用下面的插件创建可执行jar包。

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<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
                <transformers>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                        <mainClass>com.otv.exe.Application</mainClass>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
                    </transformer>
                </transformers>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

第3步：创建任务类

创建一个实现Runnable接口的新TestTask类。这个类表示要执行的任务。

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package com.otv.task;
 
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
 
/**
 * @author onlinetechvision.com
 * @since 17 Oct 2011
 * @version 1.0.0
 *
 */
public class TestTask implementsRunnable {
 
    privatestatic Logger log = Logger.getLogger(TestTask.class);
    String taskName;
 
    publicTestTask() {
    }
 
    publicTestTask(String taskName) {
        this.taskName = taskName;
    }
 
    publicvoid run() {
        try{
            log.debug(this.taskName +" : is started.");
            Thread.sleep(10000);
            log.debug(this.taskName +" : is completed.");
        }catch (InterruptedException e) {
            log.error(this.taskName +" : is not completed!");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }      
    }
 
    @Override
    publicString toString() {
        return(getTaskName());
    }
 
    publicString getTaskName() {
        returntaskName;
    }
 
    publicvoid setTaskName(String taskName) {
        this.taskName = taskName;
    }
}

第4步：创建TestRejectedExecutionHandler类

TestRejectedExecutionHandler类实现了RejectedExecutionHandler接口。如果没有空闲线程并且队列超出限制，任务会被拒绝。这个类处理被拒绝的任务。

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package com.otv.handler;
 
import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionHandler;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
 
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
 
/**
 * @author onlinetechvision.com
 * @since 17 Oct 2011
 * @version 1.0.0
 *
 */
public class TestRejectedExecutionHandler implementsRejectedExecutionHandler {
 
    privatestatic Logger log = Logger.getLogger(TestRejectedExecutionHandler.class);
 
    publicvoid rejectedExecution(Runnable runnable, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
        log.debug(runnable.toString() +" : has been rejected");
    }
}

第5步：创建ITestThreadPoolExecutorService接口

创建ITestThreadPoolExecutorService接口。（译者注：这个接口的主要功能是通过设置的参数创建一个线程池）

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package com.otv.srv;
 
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
 
import com.otv.handler.TestRejectedExecutionHandler;
 
/**
 * @author onlinetechvision.com
 * @since 17 Oct 2011
 * @version 1.0.0
 *
 */
public interface ITestThreadPoolExecutorService {
 
    publicThreadPoolExecutor createNewThreadPool();
 
    publicint getCorePoolSize();
 
    publicvoid setCorePoolSize(intcorePoolSize);
 
    publicint getMaxPoolSize();
 
    publicvoid setMaxPoolSize(intmaximumPoolSize);
 
    publiclong getKeepAliveTime();
 
    publicvoid setKeepAliveTime(longkeepAliveTime);
 
    publicint getQueueCapacity();
 
    publicvoid setQueueCapacity(intqueueCapacity);
 
    publicTestRejectedExecutionHandler getTestRejectedExecutionHandler();
 
    publicvoid setTestRejectedExecutionHandler(TestRejectedExecutionHandler testRejectedExecutionHandler);
 
}

第6步：创建TestThreadPoolExecutorService类

TestThreadPoolExecutorService类实现了ITestThreadPoolExecutorService接口（上一步创建的接口）。这个类可以创建一个新的线程池。

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package com.otv.srv;
 
import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
import com.otv.handler.TestRejectedExecutionHandler;
 
/**
 * @author onlinetechvision.com
 * @since 17 Oct 2011
 * @version 1.0.0
 *
 */
public class TestThreadPoolExecutorService implementsITestThreadPoolExecutorService {
 
    privateint  corePoolSize;
    privateint  maxPoolSize;
    privatelong keepAliveTime;
    privateint  queueCapacity;
    TestRejectedExecutionHandler testRejectedExecutionHandler;
 
    publicThreadPoolExecutor createNewThreadPool() {
        ThreadPoolExecutor executor =new ThreadPoolExecutor(getCorePoolSize(),
                                                                getMaxPoolSize(),
                                                                getKeepAliveTime(),
                                                                TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                                                                newArrayBlockingQueue(getQueueCapacity()),
                                                                getTestRejectedExecutionHandler());
        returnexecutor;
    }
 
    publicint getCorePoolSize() {
        returncorePoolSize;
    }
 
    publicvoid setCorePoolSize(intcorePoolSize) {
        this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
    }
 
    publicint getMaxPoolSize() {
        returnmaxPoolSize;
    }
 
    publicvoid setMaxPoolSize(intmaxPoolSize) {
        this.maxPoolSize = maxPoolSize;
    }
 
    publiclong getKeepAliveTime() {
        returnkeepAliveTime;
    }
 
    publicvoid setKeepAliveTime(longkeepAliveTime) {
        this.keepAliveTime = keepAliveTime;
    }
 
    publicint getQueueCapacity() {
        returnqueueCapacity;
    }
 
    publicvoid setQueueCapacity(intqueueCapacity) {
        this.queueCapacity = queueCapacity;
    }
 
    publicTestRejectedExecutionHandler getTestRejectedExecutionHandler() {
        returntestRejectedExecutionHandler;
    }
 
    publicvoid setTestRejectedExecutionHandler(TestRejectedExecutionHandler testRejectedExecutionHandler) {
        this.testRejectedExecutionHandler = testRejectedExecutionHandler;
    }
}

第7步： 创建IThreadPoolMonitorService接口

创建IThreadPoolMonitorService接口

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package com.otv.monitor.srv;
 
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
 
public interface IThreadPoolMonitorService extendsRunnable {
 
    publicvoid monitorThreadPool();
 
    publicThreadPoolExecutor getExecutor();
 
    publicvoid setExecutor(ThreadPoolExecutor executor);
}

第8步：创建ThreadPoolMonitorService类

ThreadPoolMonitorService类实现了IThreadPoolMonitorService接口。这个类用来监控已创建的线程池。

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package com.otv.monitor.srv;
 
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
 
/**
 * @author onlinetechvision.com
 * @since 17 Oct 2011
 * @version 1.0.0
 *
 */
public class ThreadPoolMonitorService implementsIThreadPoolMonitorService {
 
    privatestatic Logger log = Logger.getLogger(ThreadPoolMonitorService.class);
    ThreadPoolExecutor executor;
    privatelong monitoringPeriod;
 
    publicvoid run() {
        try{
            while(true){
                monitorThreadPool();
                Thread.sleep(monitoringPeriod*1000);
            }
        }catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
 
    publicvoid monitorThreadPool() {
        StringBuffer strBuff =new StringBuffer();
        strBuff.append("CurrentPoolSize : ").append(executor.getPoolSize());
        strBuff.append(" - CorePoolSize : ").append(executor.getCorePoolSize());
        strBuff.append(" - MaximumPoolSize : ").append(executor.getMaximumPoolSize());
        strBuff.append(" - ActiveTaskCount : ").append(executor.getActiveCount());
        strBuff.append(" - CompletedTaskCount : ").append(executor.getCompletedTaskCount());
        strBuff.append(" - TotalTaskCount : ").append(executor.getTaskCount());
        strBuff.append(" - isTerminated : ").append(executor.isTerminated());
 
        log.debug(strBuff.toString());
    }
 
    publicThreadPoolExecutor getExecutor() {
        returnexecutor;
    }
 
    publicvoid setExecutor(ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
        this.executor = executor;
    }  
 
    publiclong getMonitoringPeriod() {
        returnmonitoringPeriod;
    }
 
    publicvoid setMonitoringPeriod(longmonitoringPeriod) {
        this.monitoringPeriod = monitoringPeriod;
    }
}

第9步：创建Starter类

（译者注：这个类内部维护了一个线程池服务（testThreadPoolExecutorService）和一个监控服务（threadPoolMonitorService），然后创建线程池、启动一个单独的线程执行监控服务、通过线程池执行任务）

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package com.otv.start;
 
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
 
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
 
import com.otv.handler.TestRejectedExecutionHandler;
import com.otv.monitor.srv.IThreadPoolMonitorService;
import com.otv.monitor.srv.ThreadPoolMonitorService;
import com.otv.srv.ITestThreadPoolExecutorService;
import com.otv.srv.TestThreadPoolExecutorService;
import com.otv.task.TestTask;
 
/**
 * @author onlinetechvision.com
 * @since 17 Oct 2011
 * @version 1.0.0
 *
 */
public class Starter {
 
    privatestatic Logger log = Logger.getLogger(TestRejectedExecutionHandler.class);
 
    IThreadPoolMonitorService threadPoolMonitorService;
    ITestThreadPoolExecutorService testThreadPoolExecutorService;
 
    publicvoid start() {
 
        // A new thread pool is created...
        ThreadPoolExecutor executor = testThreadPoolExecutorService.createNewThreadPool();
        executor.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);
 
        // Created executor is set to ThreadPoolMonitorService...
        threadPoolMonitorService.setExecutor(executor);
 
        // ThreadPoolMonitorService is started...
        Thread monitor =new Thread(threadPoolMonitorService);
        monitor.start();
 
        // New tasks are executed...
        for(inti=1;i&lt;10;i++) {
            executor.execute(newTestTask(&quot;Task&quot;+i));
        }
 
        try{
            Thread.sleep(40000);
        }catch (Exception e)   {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
 
        for(inti=10;i&lt;19;i++) {
            executor.execute(newTestTask(&quot;Task&quot;+i));
        }
 
        // executor is shutdown...
        executor.shutdown();
    }  
 
    publicIThreadPoolMonitorService getThreadPoolMonitorService() {
        returnthreadPoolMonitorService;
    }
 
    publicvoid setThreadPoolMonitorService(IThreadPoolMonitorService threadPoolMonitorService) {
        this.threadPoolMonitorService = threadPoolMonitorService;
    }
 
    publicITestThreadPoolExecutorService getTestThreadPoolExecutorService() {
        returntestThreadPoolExecutorService;
    }
 
    publicvoid setTestThreadPoolExecutorService(ITestThreadPoolExecutorService testThreadPoolExecutorService) {
        this.testThreadPoolExecutorService = testThreadPoolExecutorService;
    }
}

第10步：创建Application类

创建Application类。这个类运行应用程序。

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package com.otv.start;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
/**
 * @author onlinetechvision.com
 * @since 17 Oct 2011
 * @version 1.0.0
 *
 */
public class Application {
 
    publicstatic void main(String[] args) {
       ApplicationContext context =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(&quot;applicationContext.xml&quot;);
       Starter starter = (Starter) context.getBean(&quot;Starter&quot;);
       starter.start();
    }
}

第11步：创建applicationContext.xml文件

（译者注：在Spring中注册了上面所创建的类，并提前设置了部分相应的参数，比如将监控服务的监控周期设为5）

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<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
 
    <!-- Beans Declaration -->
    <beanid="TestTask"class="com.otv.task.TestTask"></bean>
    <beanid="ThreadPoolMonitorService"class="com.otv.monitor.srv.ThreadPoolMonitorService">
        <propertyname="monitoringPeriod" value="5"/>
    </bean>
    <beanid="TestRejectedExecutionHandler"class="com.otv.handler.TestRejectedExecutionHandler"></bean>
    <beanid="TestThreadPoolExecutorService"class="com.otv.srv.TestThreadPoolExecutorService">
        <propertyname="corePoolSize" value="1"/>
        <propertyname="maxPoolSize"  value="3"/>
        <propertyname="keepAliveTime"value="10"/>
        <propertyname="queueCapacity"value="3"/>
        <propertyname="testRejectedExecutionHandler"ref="TestRejectedExecutionHandler"/>
    </bean>
    <beanid="Starter"class="com.otv.start.Starter">
        <propertyname="threadPoolMonitorService"ref="ThreadPoolMonitorService"/>
        <propertyname="testThreadPoolExecutorService"ref="TestThreadPoolExecutorService"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

第12步：创建线程池的另一方法

Spring提供的ThreadPoolTaskExecutor类也可以创建线程池。

（译者注：上面通过我们自己创建的TestThreadPoolExecutorService类来设置线程池的各项参数并创建线程池，但实际上Spring也提供了功能类似的类，就是ThreadPoolTaskExecutor。所以也可以使用这种方式创建线程池）

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<beanid="threadPoolTaskExecutor"class="org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor">
  <propertyname="corePoolSize" value="1"/>
  <propertyname="maxPoolSize"  value="3"/>
  <propertyname="queueCapacity"value="3"/>
</bean>
 
<beanid="testTaskExecutor"class="TestTaskExecutor">
  <constructor-argref="threadPoolTaskExecutor"/>
</bean>

第13步：构建项目

OTV_Spring_ThreadPool工程被build后，就会产生一个OTV_Spring_ThreadPool-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar包。

第14步：运行工程

OTV_Spring_ThreadPool-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar运行后，输出日志如下：

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18.10.201120:08:48DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task7 : has been rejected
18.10.201120:08:48DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task8 : has been rejected
18.10.201120:08:48DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task9 : has been rejected
18.10.201120:08:48DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task1 : is started.
18.10.201120:08:48DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task6 : is started.
18.10.201120:08:48DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :3 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :2 - CompletedTaskCount :0 - TotalTaskCount :5 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:08:48DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task5 : is started.
18.10.201120:08:53DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :3 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :3 - CompletedTaskCount :0 - TotalTaskCount :6 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:08:58DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task6 : is completed.
18.10.201120:08:58DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task1 : is completed.
18.10.201120:08:58DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task3 : is started.
18.10.201120:08:58DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task2 : is started.
18.10.201120:08:58DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :3 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :3 - CompletedTaskCount :2 - TotalTaskCount :6 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:08:58DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task5 : is completed.
18.10.201120:08:58DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task4 : is started.
18.10.201120:09:03DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :3 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :3 - CompletedTaskCount :3 - TotalTaskCount :6 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:09:08DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task2 : is completed.
18.10.201120:09:08DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task3 : is completed.
18.10.201120:09:08DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task4 : is completed.
18.10.201120:09:08DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :3 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :0 - CompletedTaskCount :6 - TotalTaskCount :6 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:09:13DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :3 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :0 - CompletedTaskCount :6 - TotalTaskCount :6 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:09:18DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :0 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :0 - CompletedTaskCount :6 - TotalTaskCount :6 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:09:23DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :0 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :0 - CompletedTaskCount :6 - TotalTaskCount :6 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:09:28DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task10 : is started.
18.10.201120:09:28DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task16 : has been rejected
18.10.201120:09:28DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task17 : has been rejected
18.10.201120:09:28DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task18 : has been rejected
18.10.201120:09:28DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task14 : is started.
18.10.201120:09:28DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task15 : is started.
18.10.201120:09:28DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :3 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :3 - CompletedTaskCount :6 - TotalTaskCount :12 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:09:33DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :3 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :3 - CompletedTaskCount :6 - TotalTaskCount :12 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:09:38DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task10 : is completed.
18.10.201120:09:38DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task11 : is started.
18.10.201120:09:38DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task14 : is completed.
18.10.201120:09:38DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task15 : is completed.
18.10.201120:09:38DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task12 : is started.
18.10.201120:09:38DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task13 : is started.
18.10.201120:09:38DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :3 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :3 - CompletedTaskCount :9 - TotalTaskCount :12 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:09:43DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :3 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :3 - CompletedTaskCount :9 - TotalTaskCount :12 - isTerminated :false
18.10.201120:09:48DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task11 : is completed.
18.10.201120:09:48DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task13 : is completed.
18.10.201120:09:48DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task12 : is completed.
18.10.201120:09:48DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :0 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :0 - CompletedTaskCount :12 - TotalTaskCount :12 - isTerminated :true
18.10.201120:09:53DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize :0 - CorePoolSize :1 - MaximumPoolSize :3 - ActiveTaskCount :0 - CompletedTaskCount :12 - TotalTaskCount :12 - isTerminated :true

第15步：下载

  • OTV_Spring_ThreadPool
原文链接： dzone 翻译： ImportNew.com - 文 学敏
译文链接： http://www.importnew.com/14163.html
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