C++实现学生信息管理系统

来源：互联网发布：openwrt nginx服务器编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/06 09:48

利用线性链表实现学生成绩管理系统，具体功能：输入、输出、插入、删除、查找、追加、读入、显示、保存、拷贝、排序、索引、分类合计、退出，并能在屏幕上输出操作前后的结果。
1. 写出系统需求分析,并建模。
2. 编程实现,界面友好。
3. 输出操作前后的结果
1.头文件

#define MAX_NUM 10#include <String>#include <fstream>using namespace std;bool quit = false;struct StuNode{    int num;    int math, eng, yuwen;    int sum;    StuNode *nextstu;};class SInfo{    StuNode *StuListHead;public:    SInfo();      //构造函数    ~SInfo();     //析构函数    void CreatSinfo();  //创建学生信息    void StuInsert(int snum, int smath, int seng, int syuwen);  //插入学生信息    void StuDelete(int snum);    //删除学生信息    StuNode *StuFind(int snum);   //查找学生信息，传入参数学号    void StuModify(int snum, int smath, int seng, int syuwen);   //修改学生信息    void StuCopy(StuNode *ptemp, StuNode *p);  //学生信息拷贝    void StuSort(char ch);    void StuClassfy();     //分类合计    void StuRead();        //从文件读入学生信息    void StuSave();        //保存学生信息到文件    int IsRead();    void StuQuit();    void ShowInfo();           //遍历输出学生信息};int Systemdoor(){    string username = "Hecoz", password = "password";    string name, temp;    int number = 3;    while (1)    {        cout << "                用 户 名：";        cin >> name;        cout << "                密    码：";        cin >> temp;        if (name != username || temp != password)        {            number--;            if (number >0)            {                cout << "          用户名/密码错误!你还有" << number << "次机会" << endl;            }            else                cout << "用户名/密码错误!" << endl, exit(0);        }        else        {            cout << "********************密码正确********************" << endl<<endl;            return 1;        }    }}void ShowMenu(){    cout << "********************************************" << endl;    cout << "******     学  生  信  息  系  统    ******" << endl;    cout << "******       0.安全退出系统          ******" << endl;    cout << "******       1.文件读入学生信息      ******" << endl;    cout << "******       2.录入新的学生信息      ******" << endl;    cout << "******       3.添加新的学生信息      ******" << endl;    cout << "******       4.删除已有学生信息      ******" << endl;    cout << "******       5.查找已有学生信息      ******" << endl;    cout << "******       6.修改已有学生信息      ******" << endl;    cout << "******       7.已有学生信息排序      ******" << endl;    cout << "******       8.分类合计学生信息      ******" << endl;    cout << "******       9.输出所有学生信息      ******" << endl;    cout << "******      10.保存现有学生信息      ******" << endl;    cout << "\n\t\n\t\t请选择：";}SInfo::SInfo()   //构造函数{    StuListHead = new StuNode;    StuListHead->nextstu = NULL;}SInfo::~SInfo()       //析构函数{    StuNode *p;    while (StuListHead)    {        p = StuListHead;        StuListHead = StuListHead->nextstu;        delete p;    }    StuListHead = NULL;}void SInfo::CreatSinfo()     //创建学生信息表{    int n;    StuNode *p, *s;    p = StuListHead;    cout << "请输入学生人数：";    cin >> n;    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)    {        s = new StuNode;        cin >> s->num >> s->math>>s->eng>>s->yuwen;        s->sum = s->math + s->eng + s->yuwen;        s->nextstu = p->nextstu;        p->nextstu = s;        p = p->nextstu;    }    if (p == NULL)   //判断学生信息表是否创建成功    {        cout << "创建失败请重新创建！" << endl;        CreatSinfo();    }}void SInfo::ShowInfo()      //遍历输出{    StuNode *p;    cout << "学号" << '\t' << "数学" << '\t' << "英语" << '\t' << "语文" << '\t' << "总分" << endl;    for (p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu)    {        cout << p->num << '\t' << p->math << '\t' << p->eng << '\t' << p->yuwen << '\t' << p->sum << endl;    }}void SInfo::StuInsert(int snum, int smath,int seng,int syuwen)     //插入学生信息（头插法）{    StuNode *s,*p;    s = new StuNode;    s->num = snum;    s->math = smath;    s->eng = seng;    s->yuwen = syuwen;    s->sum = s->math + s->eng + s->yuwen;    p = StuListHead;    s->nextstu = p->nextstu;    p->nextstu = s;}void SInfo::StuDelete(int snum){    StuNode *p, *ptemp;    p = StuListHead;    ptemp = p;    while (p->nextstu && p->num!=snum)   //循环终止条件为p->nextstu不为空 而且没有找到相应学号的学生    {        ptemp = p;        p = p->nextstu;    }    if (p->num == snum)    {        ptemp->nextstu = p->nextstu;        delete p;    }    else    {        cout << "未找到该学生信息！" << endl;    }}StuNode *SInfo::StuFind(int snum){    StuNode *p;    p = StuListHead->nextstu;    while (p->nextstu && p->num != snum)   //循环终止条件为p->nextstu不为空 而且没有找到相应学号的学生    {        p = p->nextstu;    }    if (p->num == snum)    {        return p;    }    else    {        cout << "未找到该学生信息！" << endl;        return NULL;    }}void SInfo::StuModify(int snum, int smath, int seng, int syuwen){    StuNode *ItemStu = StuFind(snum);   //直接调用查找函数    if (ItemStu != NULL)    {        ItemStu->math = smath;        ItemStu->num = snum;        ItemStu->math = smath;        ItemStu->eng = seng;        ItemStu->yuwen = syuwen;        ItemStu->sum = ItemStu->math + ItemStu->eng + ItemStu->yuwen;    }}void SInfo::StuCopy(StuNode *ptemp, StuNode *p)  //拷贝学生信息(将p的信息拷贝到ptemp中){    if (p == NULL)    {        cout << "拷贝目标为空！" << endl;    }    else    {        ptemp->num = p->num;        ptemp->math = p->math;        ptemp->eng = p->eng;        ptemp->yuwen = p->yuwen;        ptemp->sum = p->sum;        //ptemp->nextstu = p->nextstu;   //只是信息拷贝,next不能拷贝否则信息丢失    }}void SInfo::StuSort(char ch)   //根据 总分排序{    if (ch == '>')    {        for (StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu)        {            for (StuNode *q = StuListHead->nextstu; q != NULL; q = q->nextstu)            {                if (p->sum > q->sum)                {                    StuNode *ptemp = new StuNode;                    StuCopy(ptemp, p);                    StuCopy(p, q);                    StuCopy(q, ptemp);                }            }        }    }    else if (ch == '<')    {        for (StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu)        {            for (StuNode *q = StuListHead->nextstu; q != NULL; q = q->nextstu)            {                if (p->sum < q->sum)                {                    StuNode *ptemp = new StuNode;                    StuCopy(ptemp, p);                    StuCopy(p, q);                    StuCopy(q, ptemp);                }            }        }    }    else if (ch == 'o')    {        for (StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu)        {            for (StuNode *q = StuListHead->nextstu; q != NULL; q = q->nextstu)            {                if (p->num < q->num)                {                    StuNode *ptemp = new StuNode;                    StuCopy(ptemp, p);                    StuCopy(p, q);                    StuCopy(q, ptemp);                }            }        }    }    else    {        cout << "排序条件出错！" << endl;    }}void SInfo::StuClassfy()  //根据学生总分分类{    int grade[5] = {0};    StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu;    while (p != NULL)    {        if (89 < p->math)        {            grade[0]++;        }        else if (79 < p->math && p->math < 90)        {            grade[1]++;        }        else if (69 < p->math && p->math < 80)        {            grade[2]++;        }        else if (59 < p->math && p->math < 70)        {            grade[3]++;        }        else        {            grade[4]++;        }        p = p->nextstu;    }    cout << "A" << '\t' << "B" << '\t' << "C" << '\t' << "D" << '\t' << "E" << endl;    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)    {        cout << grade[i] << '\t';    }    cout << endl;}void SInfo::StuRead()    //从文件读入数据{    StuNode *p;    p = StuListHead;    ifstream in("StudentList.txt");    if (!in) { cout << "没有学生信息，请先录入学生信息!" << endl; return; }    while (!in.eof())    {        int num, math, eng, yuwen, sum;        in >> num >> math >> eng >> yuwen >>sum;        StuInsert(num,math,eng,yuwen);    }}void SInfo::StuSave()   //保存学生信息{    StuNode *p;    p = StuListHead->nextstu;    ofstream out("StudentList.txt");    if (!out) { cout << "不能打开文件！" << endl; return; }    while (p != NULL)    {        out << p->num << '\t' << p->math << '\t' << p->eng << '\t' << p->yuwen << '\t' << p->sum << '\n';        p = p->nextstu;    }}void SInfo::StuQuit()   //学生信息写入文件{    char choice;    cout << "是否保存学生信息：？（Y/N）";    cin >> choice;    if (choice == 'y' || choice == 'Y')    {        StuSave();        cout << "学生信息已保存..." << endl;    }}

2.源程序

#include<iostream>#include "SInfo.h"#include<cstdlib>using namespace std;int main(){    Systemdoor();    int x = 100, pnum,pmath,peng,pyuwen;    StuNode *pfind;    SInfo stu;    cout <<"   ******************************************" << endl;    cout <<"   ******************************************" << endl;    cout <<"   ******                              ******" << endl;    cout <<"   ******   欢迎进入学生信息管理系统   ******" << endl;    cout <<"   ******                              ******" << endl;    cout <<"   ******************************************" << endl;    cout <<"   ******************************************" << endl;    while (x != 0)    {        system("pause");        system("cls");      //清屏        ShowMenu();        cin >> x;        switch (x)        {        case 0:            stu.StuQuit();            break;        case 1:            stu.StuRead();            cout << "读入学生信息表：" << endl;            stu.ShowInfo();            break;        case 2:            stu.CreatSinfo();            cout << "请核对输入学生信息！" << endl;            stu.ShowInfo();            break;        case 3:            cout << "请输入添加学生信息：";            cin >> pnum >> pmath >> peng >> pyuwen;            stu.StuInsert(pnum, pmath, peng, pyuwen);            cout << "更新学生信息表..." << endl;            stu.ShowInfo();            break;        case 4:            cout << "请输入要删除学生学号：";            cin >> pnum;            stu.StuDelete(pnum);            cout << "更新学生信息表..." << endl;            stu.ShowInfo();            break;        case 5:            cout << "请输入要查找学生学号：";            cin >> pnum;            pfind = stu.StuFind(pnum);            cout << "查找学生学号：" << pfind->num <<" 数学 "<<pfind->math<<" 英语 "<<pfind->eng<<" 语文 "<<pfind->yuwen <<" 总分 " << pfind->sum << endl;            break;        case 6:            cout << "请输入要修改学生学号：";            cin >> pnum;            cout << "请重新输入学生分数：";            cin >> pmath >> peng >> pyuwen;            stu.StuModify(pnum, pmath, peng, pyuwen);            cout << "修改成功！" << endl;            cout << "更新学生信息表..." << endl;            stu.ShowInfo();            break;        case 7:            cout << "升序排序（1）降序排序（0）学号排序（10）：";            cin >> pnum;            if (pnum == 1)            {                stu.StuSort('<');                stu.ShowInfo();            }            else if (pnum == 0)            {                stu.StuSort('>');                stu.ShowInfo();            }            else if (pnum == 10)            {                stu.StuSort('o');                stu.ShowInfo();            }            else            {                cout << "请输入正确选择！" << endl;            }            break;        case 8:            stu.StuClassfy();            break;        case 9:            stu.ShowInfo();            break;        case 10:            stu.StuSave();            break;        }    }    system("pause");    return 0;}

0 0