[从头学数学] 第68节 小数的意义和性质

剧情提要：
[机器小伟]在[工程师阿伟]的陪同下进入练气期第八层功法的修炼，
这次要修炼的目标是[小数的意义和性质]。

正剧开始：

星历2016年02月02日 10:00:05, 银河系厄尔斯星球中华帝国江南行省。
[工程师阿伟]正在和[机器小伟]一起研究小数。

>>> 零点五八三点五四十一点四七if __name__ == '__main__':    a = [0.58,3.5,41.47];    for i in range(len(a)):        print(floatNumberRead(a[i]));#### @usage   小数的读法# @author  mw# @date    2016年01月21日  星期四  09:53:40 # @param# @return####def floatNumberRead(num):    #正负号    if (num < 0):        sign = '负';    else:        sign = '';    #判断是否小数     sOfNum = str(num);    index = sOfNum.find('.');    if (index != -1):        chineseOfNumber=['零','一', '二', '三', '四', '五', '六',\                     '七', '八', '九'];        sOfNum = sOfNum[index+1:];        decimalPart = '点';        for i in range(len(sOfNum)):            decimalPart += chineseOfNumber[int(sOfNum[i])];                    import math;        intPart = numberToChinese(math.floor(abs(num)), '');        return sign+intPart+decimalPart;    else:        return sign+numberToChinese(num, '');  >>> 一点四 写作 1.4五点八 写作 5.8零点零九 写作 0.09零点八八 写作 0.88#### @usage   小数的写法# @author  mw# @date    2016年02月02日  星期二  09:19:33 # @param# @return####def floatNumberWrite(s):    #小数点位置    index = s.find('点');    #整数部分字符串    sIntPart = s[:index];    #小数部分字符串    sFloatPart = s[index+1:];    #小数精度位数    accuracy = len(sFloatPart);    #print(sIntPart);    #print(sFloatPart);    chineseOfNumber=['零','一', '二', '三', '四', '五', '六',\                     '七', '八', '九'];    floatPart = 0;    floatRate = 0.1;    for i in range(accuracy):        for j in range(10):            if chineseOfNumber[j] == sFloatPart[i]:                floatPart += j * floatRate;                floatRate*=0.1;                break;    intPart = chineseToNumber(sIntPart);    result = round(intPart + floatPart, accuracy);        return result;#### @usage   数字的中文写法 # @author  mw# @date    2016年01月08日  星期五  12:37:26 # @param# @return####def numberToChinese(num, s):    if (num < 0):        num = abs(num);    chineseOfNumber=['零','一', '二', '三', '四', '五', '六',\                     '七', '八', '九', '十','百','千','万','亿'];    bit = 0;    tmp = num;    if (tmp == 0):        s = chineseOfNumber[0];    while (tmp > 0):        tmp = tmp//10;        bit+=1;    tmp = num;    while (tmp > 0):        if (tmp < 10):            s += chineseOfNumber[tmp];            tmp -= 10;        elif (tmp < 100):            s += chineseOfNumber[tmp//10];            s += '十';            tmp = tmp%10;         elif (tmp < 1000):            s += chineseOfNumber[tmp//100];            s += '百';            tmp = tmp%100;            if tmp < 10 and tmp > 0:                s += '零';        elif (tmp < 10000):            s += chineseOfNumber[tmp//1000];            s += '千';            tmp = tmp%1000;            if tmp < 100 and tmp > 0:                s += '零';        elif (tmp < 100000000):            s1 = '';            s += numberToChinese(tmp//10000, s1);            s += '万';            tmp =tmp%10000;            if tmp < 1000 and tmp > 0:                s += '零';        elif (tmp >= 100000000):            s1 = '';            s += numberToChinese(tmp//100000000, s1);            s += '亿';            tmp = tmp%100000000;            if tmp < 10000000 and tmp > 0:                s += '零';        else:            pass;    return s;#### @usage   数字的中文写法转化为数字# @author  mw# @date    2016年01月08日  星期五  09:19:55 # @param# @return####def chineseToNumber(s):    chineseOfNumber=['零','一', '二', '三', '四', '五', '六',\                     '七', '八', '九', '十','百','千','万','亿'];    result = 0;    #每一组两个数，比如九百，一万，都是由一个值数和一个倍数组成。    #不可能两个以上的值在一块，但可能两个以上的倍数在一块，比如九九不合法，但四百万合法。        #合法表达为0，不合法为其它值    illegal = 0;    #两个长度    lengthOfStr = len(s);    lengthOfChs = len(chineseOfNumber);    #合法性判断    for i in range(lengthOfStr):        if illegal == 1:            break;        for j in range(lengthOfChs):            if s[i] == chineseOfNumber[j]:                break;            else:                if j >= lengthOfChs-1:                    print('含有非中文数字的字符，表达式不合法');                    illegal = 1;    for i in range(lengthOfStr-1):        if illegal == 1:            break;        for j in range(10):            if s[i] == chineseOfNumber[j]:                if j>0:                    for k in range(10):                        if s[i+1] == chineseOfNumber[k]:                            print('连续两个本数相连而没有倍数，表达式不合法。');                            illegal = 1;                            break;                #当这个数是零时，它后面跟零或倍数都不合法                else:                    if s[i+1] == chineseOfNumber[0]:                        print('连续两个零相连，表达式不合法。');                        illegal = 1;                        break;                                        for k in range(10, lengthOfChs):                        if s[i+1] == chineseOfNumber[k]:                            print('零后面跟上倍数，表达式不合法。');                            illegal = 1;                            break;                            for i in range(lengthOfStr-1):        if illegal == 1:            if (i > 0):                print('表达式的倍数排序不符合规范，不合法。');            break;                               if s[i] == '十':            if s[i+1] == '十' or s[i+1] == '百' or s[i+1] == '千':                illegal = 1;        elif s[i] == '百':            if s[i+1] == '十' or s[i+1] == '百' or s[i+1] == '千':                illegal = 1;        elif s[i] == '千':            if s[i+1] == '十' or s[i+1] == '百' or s[i+1] == '千':                illegal = 1;        elif s[i] == '万':            if s[i+1] == '十' or s[i+1] == '百' or s[i+1] == '千':                illegal = 1;        elif s[i] == '亿':            if s[i+1] == '十' or s[i+1] == '百' or s[i+1] == '千' or s[i+1] == '万':                illegal = 1;        else:            pass;    #合法则计算          if illegal!=0:        print('输入不合法。');    else:        value = 0;        multiple = 1;        result = 0;        #超过亿的部分，单独分出来的原因是避免再和万的倍数相乘        yiPart = 0;        #超过万的部分        wanPart = 0;        for i in range(lengthOfStr):            if s[i] == '亿':                result += value+wanPart+yiPart;                multiple = 100000000;                value = result;                result = value*multiple;                if (i < lengthOfStr-1 and s[i+1] == '亿'):                    value = 0;                else:                    yiPart = result;                    result = 0;                multiple = 1;            elif s[i] == '万':                result += value+wanPart;                multiple = 10000;                value = result;                result = value*multiple;                if (i < lengthOfStr-1 and (s[i+1] == '亿' or s[i+1] == '万')):                    value = 0;                else:                    if (result > 100000000):                        yiPart = result;                    else:                        wanPart = result;                    result = 0;                multiple = 1;            elif s[i] == '千':                multiple = 1000;                result += value*multiple;                value = 0;                multiple = 1;            elif s[i] == '百':                multiple = 100;                result += value*multiple;                value = 0;                multiple = 1;            #十这个数字，即可以作为本数，也可以作为倍数            elif s[i] == '十':                if value == 0:                    value = 10;                    multiple = 1;                    result += value*multiple;                    value = 0;                else:                    multiple = 10;                    result += value*multiple;                    value = 0;                    multiple = 1;            else:                for j in range(10):                    if s[i] == chineseOfNumber[j]:                        value = j;                        multiple = 1;                if i >= lengthOfStr-1:                    result += value * multiple;        result += wanPart + yiPart;    #print('{0} {1}'.format(s, result));    return result;

<span style="font-size:18px;">>>> 6.5 读作 六点五0.04 读作 零点零四6.72 读作 六点七二0.058 读作 零点零五八340.09 读作 三百四十点零九三百点七一 写作 300.71五点零六 写作 5.06零点零八九 写作 0.089def readNumber():    a = [6.5,0.04,6.72,0.058,340.09];    for i in range(len(a)):        print('{0} 读作 {1}'.format(a[i], floatNumberRead(a[i])));def writeNumber():    a = ['三百点七一', '五点零六', '零点零八九'];    for i in range(len(a)):        print('{0} 写作 {1}'.format(a[i], floatNumberWrite(a[i])));    if __name__ == '__main__':    readNumber();    writeNumber();</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">>>> 29.5 读作 二十九点五0.84 读作 零点八四1.2 读作 一点二1.8 读作 一点八8844.43 读作 八千八百四十四点四三</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">>>> 零点五五七 写作 0.557四万零七十五点六九 写作 40075.69十四点八五九 写作 14.859九十九点七九 写作 99.79</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">>>> 0.358, 0.385, 0.538, 0.583, 0.835, 0.853, 符合条件(1)的总共有6个数。8.035, 8.053, 8.305, 8.503, 符合条件(2)的总共有4个数。30.58 读作 三十点五八30.85 读作 三十点八五50.38 读作 五十点三八50.83 读作 五十点八三80.35 读作 八十点三五80.53 读作 八十点五三符合条件(3)的总共有6个数。def tmp():    a = [3, 0, 5, 8];    p = perm(a);    size = len(p);    set1 = set([]);    set2 = set([]);    for i in range(size):        #最后一位小数不为0        if (p[i][3] != 0):            num = p[i][0] + 0.1*p[i][1] + 0.01*p[i][2]+0.001*p[i][3];            set1.add(round(num,3));    list1 = list(set1);    list1.sort();    count = 0;    for i in range(len(list1)):        if (list1[i] < 1):            print(list1[i], end = ', ');            count+=1;    print('符合条件(1)的总共有{0}个数。'.format(count));    count = 0;    for i in range(len(list1)):        if (list1[i] > 8):            print(list1[i], end = ', ');            count+=1;    print('符合条件(2)的总共有{0}个数。'.format(count));    for i in range(size):        if (p[i][0] != 0 and p[i][3] != 0):            num = p[i][0]*10 + p[i][1] + 0.1*p[i][2]+0.01*p[i][3];            set2.add(round(num,2));    list2 = list(set2);    list2.sort();    count = 0;    for i in range(len(list2)):        s = floatNumberRead(list2[i]);        if (s.find('零') == -1):            print('{0} 读作 {1}'.format(list2[i], s));            count+=1;    print('符合条件(3)的总共有{0}个数。'.format(count));</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">>>> [2.84, 2.88, 2.93, 3.05]def tmp():    list1 = list([3.05, 2.84, 2.88, 2.93]);    list1.sort();    print(list1);</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">def tmp():    list1 = list([3.05, 2.84, 2.88, 2.93]);    list1.sort();    print(list1);    list1.reverse();    print(list1);</span>

本节到此结束，欲知后事如何，请看下回分解。