百度对象存储BOS（Baidu Object Storage）进行冷存储数据备份

最近有需求就是冷存储数据进行异地灾备，同时为了更多的节省本地的存储成本，维护成本，人力资源等等，选择使用相对更为优惠的百度对象存储来进行备份数据，BOS产品介绍：BOS介绍，为了快速的，批量的上传文件，利用BOS Python SDK开发了一套分布式多任务上传解决方案，本文主要来介绍一下BOS Python SDK的使用方法，为BOS免费做了广告，怎么感谢我！

一、创建虚拟环境

# yum install python-virtualenv# mkvirtualenv bos# workon bos

使用virtualenv主要是使用虚拟环境来搭建python开发环境，将不同的python项目进行隔离，避免相关的包的冲突，简单的介绍一下virtualenv的使用：

列出虚拟环境列表：

workon/lsvirtualenv

新建虚拟环境：

mkvirtualenv [虚拟环境名称]

启动/切换虚拟环境：

workon [虚拟环境名称]

删除虚拟环境：
rmvirtualenv [虚拟环境名称]

离开虚拟环境：

deactive

二、安装BOS SDK

2.1 下载bos sdk安装包

URL：https://bce.baidu.com/doc/SDKTool/index.html#Python

wget http://sdk.bce.baidu.com/console-sdk/bce-python-sdk-0.8.8.zip

2.2 执行安装脚本

python setup.py install

三、编写配置文件

bos_sample_conf.py：

import loggingimport osimport sysfrom baidubce.bce_client_configuration import BceClientConfigurationfrom baidubce.auth.bce_credentials import BceCredentialsPROXY_HOST = 'localhost:8080'                                                                                                                                                            bos_host = "bj.bcebos.com"access_key_id = "a6748c1334a44c2d8af60fcdf098b30d"secret_access_key = "3d7621d35b0c426ea2c0dfdbfca45151"logger = logging.getLogger('baidubce.services.bos.bosclient')fh = logging.FileHandler("sample.log")fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')fh.setFormatter(formatter)logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)logger.addHandler(fh)config = BceClientConfiguration(credentials=BceCredentials(access_key_id, secret_access_key), endpoint = bos_host)

配置文件指定了上传的host，id和secret，并执行了client的初始化配置config。

四、文件上传

import os,sys,hashlibfrom baidubce import exceptionfrom baidubce.services import bosfrom baidubce.services.bos import canned_aclfrom baidubce.services.bos.bos_client import BosClientimport base64import bos_sample_conf##init a bos clientbos_client = BosClient(bos_sample_conf.config)##init a bucketbucket_name = 'wahaha'if not bos_client.does_bucket_exist(bucket_name):    bos_client.create_bucket(bucket_name)    print "init bucket:%s success" % bucket_name##upload object from stringobject_key = 'Happy Spring Festival'str = 'this is the test string'bos_client.put_object_from_string(bucket_name,object_key,str)##put object from filefile_name = "/root/baidu_object_storage/test/file_to_be_upload"response = bos_client.put_object_from_file(bucket_name, object_key + ' plus',file_name)print "response.metadata.etag = " + response.metadata.etag##get object meta dataresponse = bos_client.get_object_meta_data(bucket_name, object_key+' plus')print "response object meta data:" print response##list objects in bucketresponse = bos_client.list_objects(bucket_name)for object in response.contents:    print 'object.key = ' + object.key##get bucket listresponse = bos_client.list_buckets()for bucket in response.buckets:    print "bucket.name = " + bucket.name##get objectprint bos_client.get_object_as_string(bucket_name,object_key)#get unfinished multipart upload taskprint "get unfinished multipart upload task:"for item in bos_client.list_all_multipart_uploads(bucket_name):    print 'item.upload_id = ' + item.upload_id#abort unfinished multipart upload taskprint "abort unfinished multipart upload task"for item in bos_client.list_all_multipart_uploads(bucket_name):    bos_client.abort_multipart_upload(bucket_name, item.key.encode("utf-8"), upload_id = item.upload_id)response = bos_client.list_multipart_uploads(bucket_name)for item in response.bukcet:    print item.name

结果：

五、大文件上传

import osimport sysimport hashlibsys.path.append("../bos")import bos_sample_conffrom baidubce import exceptionfrom baidubce.services import bosfrom baidubce.services.bos import canned_aclfrom baidubce.services.bos.bos_client import BosClientdefault_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))#init a bos clientbos_client = BosClient(bos_sample_conf.config)#init a bucketbucket_name = 'wahaha'if not bos_client.does_bucket_exist(bucket_name):    bos_client.create_bucket(bucket_name)#init object keyobject_key = 'this is object_key of big file'#upload multipart objectupload_id = bos_client.initiate_multipart_upload(bucket_name,object_key).upload_idprint 'upload_id = ' + upload_idfile_name = default_path + os.path.sep + 'big_file'if os.path.isfile(file_name):    print "file_name = %s" % file_nameelse:    exit(-1)#set the beginning of multipartleft_size = os.path.getsize(file_name)#set the offset offset = 0part_number = 1part_list = []e_tag_str = ""while left_size > 0:    #set each part 50MB    print "size left: %dMB" %  (left_size/1014/1024)    part_size = 50*1024*1024    if left_size < part_size:        part_size = left_size        response = bos_client.upload_part_from_file(            bucket_name,object_key,upload_id,part_number,part_size,file_name,offset)    left_size -= part_size    offset += part_size    part_list.append({        "partNumber":part_number,        "eTag":response.metadata.etag        })    part_number += 1    e_tag_str += response.metadata.etag    print part_number, " ", response.metadata.etagprint "\n"response = bos_client.complete_multipart_upload(bucket_name,object_key,upload_id,part_list)print responsem = hashlib.md5()m.update(e_tag_str)e_tag_str_to_md5 = "-" + m.hexdigest()if e_tag_str_to_md5 == response.etag:    print "e_tag match great!!!"else:    print "etag does not match, e_tag_str_to_md5 = %s" % e_tag_str_to_md5print "\n"print response.bucketprint response.keyprint response.etagprint response.location

结果：

注：

1.对于小文件上传返回的response值的etag值就是小文件的md5值。

2.对于大文件上传，完成分块上传的etag是每一个分块上传返回的etag值相加之后再计算md5值得到的值之前再加个"-"（好抽象）。

Author：忆之独秀

Email：[e-mail]

注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/lavorange/article/details/50639849