ELK setup guide
来源：互联网 发布：牛股汇看盘软件下载 编辑：程序博客网 时间：2024/04/30 11:11
注意：ELK前置需要JDK7（update 55）以后版本。
<elasticsearch>
基于Lucene的分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎，用Java开发，基于RESTful web接口。
# 概念
index pattern
data set has an index, each set of data loaded to Elasticsearch has an index pattern, An index pattern is a string with optional wildcards that can match multiple indices. e.g. logstash-2015.05*
Index
相当于OS中的folder
Type
相当于OS中的Sub-folder
Document
相当于OS中的Excel File
Field
相当于OS中的Excel中的field
Shard、Replication
默认情况下，Elasticsearch中的每个索引被分片5个主分片和1个复制
# 下载
https://www.elastic.co/downloads
http://mobz.github.io/elasticsearch-head/
# 解压
tar -zvxf elasticsearch-1.1.0.tar.gz -C /appl
cd /appl/elasticsearch-2.1.1
# 配置, https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/guide/current/heap-sizing.html
vi /etc/profile
export ES_HEAP_SIZE=1g
source /etc/profile
# don't run elasticsearch as root
groupadd elasticsearch
useradd -d /home/elasticsearch -m elasticsearch -g elasticsearch -p elasticsearch
chown -R elasticsearch:elasticsearch elasticsearch-2.1.1
# 启动 as daemon
su - elasticsearch
cd /appl/elasticsearch-2.1.1/
bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid （初始调试时使用：bin/elasticsearch）
# 关闭
kill `cat pid`
# 查看
ps -ef|grep search
# 以下WARN可以不用理会
unable to install syscall filter: prctl(PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS): Invalid argument
curl 'localhost:9200/'
# 查看总体index
curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'
# 查看plugin
./bin/plugin --list
# 批量插入数据
curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/shakespeare/_bulk?pretty' --data-binary @shakespeare.json
# 插入数据
curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/dept/employee/1' -d '{ "empname": "emp1"}'
curl -XPUT http://localhost:9200/shakespeare -d '
{
"mappings" : {
"_default_" : {
"properties" : {
"speaker" : {"type": "string", "index" : "not_analyzed" },
"speech_number" : { "type" : "integer" }
}
}
}
}
';
# 查看
curl 'localhost:9200/dept/'
curl 'localhost:9200/shakespeare/'
curl "http://localhost:9200/dept/employee/_search?pretty"
curl 'localhost:9200/_search?pretty'
curl 'localhost:9200/logstash-2016.02.08/indx/1?pretty'
#删除
curl -XDELETE 'http://172.16.1.16:9200/logstash-2016.02.*'
# 开启remote端口给主机访问
/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 9200 -j ACCEPT
/etc/init.d/iptables save
service iptables restart
#ES-head插件安装
安装方法：http://mobz.github.io/elasticsearch-head/
效果图：http://www.tuicool.com/articles/eeauam
#smartcn, ES默认的中文分词
https://github.com/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-analysis-smartcn
#pinyin, 拼音分词，可用于输入拼音提示中文
https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-pinyin
#elasticsearch-rtf，针对中文集成了相关插件(rtf = Ready To Fly)
https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-rtf
# 参考
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/setup.html
http://www.tuicool.com/articles/eeauam
http://blog.csdn.net/cnbird2008/article/details/38762795
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/23520684/elasticsearch-java-apinonodeavailableexception-no-node-available
http://blog.csdn.net/cnweike/article/details/39083089
<elasticsearch-集群>
说明：Es的集群非常简单，只要在同一个局域网内，多台服务器能互相通讯，并且cluster.name是一样的，就能自动集在一起。
端口
9300:node-to-node communication
9200:HTTP traffic
lsof -i:9200
lsof -i:9300
<logstash>
对日志数据语法分析。由JRuby开发 ，基于消息（message-based）的简单架构，并运行在Java虚拟机（JVM）上。
# 下载
https://www.elastic.co/downloads
# 解压
tar -zvxf logstash-2.1.1.tar.gz -C /appl
cd /appl/logstash-2.1.1
# 测试
cd logstash-{logstash_version}
bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin { } } output { stdout {} }'
输入hello
CTRL-D退出
# 测试配置
配置语法参考：http://blog.csdn.net/textboy/article/details/45823829
Pattern语法参考：http://blog.csdn.net/textboy/article/details/45917869
（1）vi /appl/logstash-2.1.1/test.conf
（2）vi /appl/logstash-2.1.1/patterns/pattern_sys_es
bin/logstash -f /appl/logstash-2.1.1/test.conf
# 参考
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/current/getting-started-with-logstash.html
#端口默认9292
#内置的web
启动：java -jar /search/logstash/logstash-1.2.1-flatjar.jar web &
查看：http://127.0.0.1:9292
<kibana>
是一个基于浏览器页面的Elasticsearch前端展示工具。全部使用HTML语言和Javascript编写的。
# 下载
https://www.elastic.co/downloads
# 解压
tar -zvxf kibana-4.3.1-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /appl
mv kibana-4.3.1-linux-x64 kibana-4.3.1
cd /appl/kibana-4.3.1
# 配置
cd /appl/kibana-4.3.1/config
cp kibana.yml kibana.yml.bak
vi kibana.yml
elasticsearch.url: "http://localhost:9200"
# 开启remote端口给主机访问
/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 5601 -j ACCEPT
/etc/init.d/iptables save
service iptables restart
# 启动
（Start Elasticsearch）
cd /appl/kibana-4.3.1
bin/kibana （默认port 5601, 访问：http://localhost:5601/）
# 验证（屏幕上直接输出日志）
#使用
（1）前提
curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'能看到logstash的output。
（2）Settings
功能一级菜单包括：Discover、Visualize、Dashboard、Settings。初次使用首先进入Settings，二级菜单又分为：Indices、Advanced、Objects、Status、About。进入Indices。由于logstash在Elasticsearch中生成的索引一般以logstash-yyyy-mm-dd的形式存在，所以使用默认的logstash-*即可匹配到logstash中的output日志信息。注意，右上
方有个刷新按键，logstash中新定义的字段（如：上面test.conf中的%{DATE:es_dt}里的es_dt），要刷新才能在后面的Visualize、Dashboard中使用。如下图：
（3）Discover
进入一级菜单中的Discover，如果看到提示说捕获不到信息，那看看最右上角，默认是15 mins，点击改长时间范围，如此应能捕获到elasticsearch的日志信息，如不能跳转（1）。左方有可选字段，如字段左边的图标是“？”跳转（2）。上方搜索栏有特定的query语法（见下面的“Query语法”）。右上角有保存搜索结果的图标，点击保存以用于后续的Visualize。
#Query语法
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current//query-dsl-query-string-query.html#query-string-syntax
（4）Visualize
右上角点击load进刚才保存的搜索结果，metrics》Slice Size》Count，buckets》Split Charts》Aggregation:Terms》测试字段。图形显示正常则可保存结果（右上角按键）以用于后续Dashboard使用。如图：
<Q&A>
Q: Kibana》Discover》Can access Kibana, but message in homepage - Unable to fetch mapping; do you have indices matching the pattern
A: （1）说明logstash没有把日志写入到elasticsearch；（2）Discover时间范围设大些
Q：Kibana》visualize》aggregation看不到logstash创建的字段
A：http://www.07net01.com/2015/12/1069635.html
Q：与flume、hadoop等结合
A：http://zh.hortonworks.com/blog/configure-elastic-search-hadoop-hdp-2-0/
Q：Kibana可以与solr结合吗
A：https://lucidworks.com/products/silk/, https://github.com/LucidWorks/banana
<每次启动命令>
su - elasticsearch
cd /appl/elasticsearch-2.1.1/
bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid
cd /appl/logstash-2.1.1
bin/logstash -f /appl/logstash-2.1.1/test.conf
cd /appl/kibana-4.3.1
2) Kibana命令
3) start
<elasticsearch>
基于Lucene的分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎，用Java开发，基于RESTful web接口。
# 概念
index pattern
data set has an index, each set of data loaded to Elasticsearch has an index pattern, An index pattern is a string with optional wildcards that can match multiple indices. e.g. logstash-2015.05*
Index
相当于OS中的folder
Type
相当于OS中的Sub-folder
Document
相当于OS中的Excel File
Field
相当于OS中的Excel中的field
Shard、Replication
默认情况下，Elasticsearch中的每个索引被分片5个主分片和1个复制
# 下载
https://www.elastic.co/downloads
http://mobz.github.io/elasticsearch-head/
# 解压
tar -zvxf elasticsearch-1.1.0.tar.gz -C /appl
cd /appl/elasticsearch-2.1.1
# 配置, https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/guide/current/heap-sizing.html
vi /etc/profile
export ES_HEAP_SIZE=1g
source /etc/profile
# don't run elasticsearch as root
groupadd elasticsearch
useradd -d /home/elasticsearch -m elasticsearch -g elasticsearch -p elasticsearch
chown -R elasticsearch:elasticsearch elasticsearch-2.1.1
# 启动 as daemon
su - elasticsearch
cd /appl/elasticsearch-2.1.1/
bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid （初始调试时使用：bin/elasticsearch）
# 关闭
kill `cat pid`
# 查看
ps -ef|grep search
# 以下WARN可以不用理会
unable to install syscall filter: prctl(PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS): Invalid argument
curl命令参考：http://blog.csdn.net/textboy/article/details/50638179
curl 'localhost:9200/'
# 查看总体index
curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'
# 查看plugin
./bin/plugin --list
# 批量插入数据
curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/shakespeare/_bulk?pretty' --data-binary @shakespeare.json
# 插入数据
curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/dept/employee/1' -d '{ "empname": "emp1"}'
curl -XPUT http://localhost:9200/shakespeare -d '
{
"mappings" : {
"_default_" : {
"properties" : {
"speaker" : {"type": "string", "index" : "not_analyzed" },
"speech_number" : { "type" : "integer" }
}
}
}
}
';
# 查看
curl 'localhost:9200/dept/'
curl 'localhost:9200/shakespeare/'
curl "http://localhost:9200/dept/employee/_search?pretty"
curl 'localhost:9200/_search?pretty'
curl 'localhost:9200/logstash-2016.02.08/indx/1?pretty'
#删除
curl -XDELETE 'http://172.16.1.16:9200/logstash-2016.02.*'
# 开启remote端口给主机访问
/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 9200 -j ACCEPT
/etc/init.d/iptables save
service iptables restart
#ES-head插件安装
安装方法：http://mobz.github.io/elasticsearch-head/
效果图：http://www.tuicool.com/articles/eeauam
#smartcn, ES默认的中文分词
https://github.com/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-analysis-smartcn
#pinyin, 拼音分词，可用于输入拼音提示中文
https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-pinyin
#elasticsearch-rtf，针对中文集成了相关插件(rtf = Ready To Fly)
https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-rtf
# 参考
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/setup.html
http://www.tuicool.com/articles/eeauam
http://blog.csdn.net/cnbird2008/article/details/38762795
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/23520684/elasticsearch-java-apinonodeavailableexception-no-node-available
http://blog.csdn.net/cnweike/article/details/39083089
<elasticsearch-集群>
说明：Es的集群非常简单，只要在同一个局域网内，多台服务器能互相通讯，并且cluster.name是一样的，就能自动集在一起。
curl 'localhost:9200/_cluster/health/'
<elasticsearch-使用hostname代替localhost>
curl '<hostname>:9200/_cluster/health/'
node1 - elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: es-clusternode.name: es-node-1node.master: truenode.data: truenetwork.host: centos1transport.tcp.port: 9300http.port: 9200
node2 - elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: es-clusternode.name: es-node-2node.master: falsenode.data: truenetwork.host: centos2transport.tcp.port: 9300http.port: 9200
端口
9300:node-to-node communication
9200:HTTP traffic
lsof -i:9200
lsof -i:9300
<logstash>
对日志数据语法分析。由JRuby开发 ，基于消息（message-based）的简单架构，并运行在Java虚拟机（JVM）上。
# 下载
https://www.elastic.co/downloads
# 解压
tar -zvxf logstash-2.1.1.tar.gz -C /appl
cd /appl/logstash-2.1.1
# 测试
cd logstash-{logstash_version}
bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin { } } output { stdout {} }'
输入hello
CTRL-D退出
# 测试配置
配置语法参考：http://blog.csdn.net/textboy/article/details/45823829
Pattern语法参考：http://blog.csdn.net/textboy/article/details/45917869
（1）vi /appl/logstash-2.1.1/test.conf
input{ file { path => "/mk/test/elasticsearch.log.2016-02-06_02" start_position => beginning type => "eslogs" codec => multiline { pattern => "^\s" what => "previous" } }}filter { if [type] == "eslogs" { grok { patterns_dir => ["/appl/logstash-2.1.1/patterns"] match => { "message" => "%{ES_LOG}"} } }}output{ elasticsearch {} stdout {codec => rubydebug} file { path => "/appl/logstash-2.1.1/logs/test.log" }}（2）vi /appl/logstash-2.1.1/patterns/pattern_sys_es
# 启动
bin/logstash -f /appl/logstash-2.1.1/test.conf --configtest (先测试配置语法)bin/logstash -f /appl/logstash-2.1.1/test.conf
# 参考
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/current/getting-started-with-logstash.html
#端口默认9292
#内置的web
启动：java -jar /search/logstash/logstash-1.2.1-flatjar.jar web &
查看：http://127.0.0.1:9292
<kibana>
是一个基于浏览器页面的Elasticsearch前端展示工具。全部使用HTML语言和Javascript编写的。
# 下载
https://www.elastic.co/downloads
# 解压
tar -zvxf kibana-4.3.1-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /appl
mv kibana-4.3.1-linux-x64 kibana-4.3.1
cd /appl/kibana-4.3.1
# 配置
cd /appl/kibana-4.3.1/config
cp kibana.yml kibana.yml.bak
vi kibana.yml
elasticsearch.url: "http://localhost:9200"
# 开启remote端口给主机访问
/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 5601 -j ACCEPT
/etc/init.d/iptables save
service iptables restart
# 启动
（Start Elasticsearch）
cd /appl/kibana-4.3.1
bin/kibana （默认port 5601, 访问：http://localhost:5601/）
# 验证（屏幕上直接输出日志）
log [16:18:51.309] [info][status][plugin:table_vis] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [16:18:51.338] [info][listening] Server running at http://0.0.0.0:5601 log [16:18:56.460] [info][status][plugin:elasticsearch] Status changed from yellow to yellow - No existing Kibana index found log [16:19:00.183] [info][status][plugin:elasticsearch] Status changed from yellow to green - Kibana index ready
#使用
（1）前提
curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'能看到logstash的output。
（2）Settings
功能一级菜单包括：Discover、Visualize、Dashboard、Settings。初次使用首先进入Settings，二级菜单又分为：Indices、Advanced、Objects、Status、About。进入Indices。由于logstash在Elasticsearch中生成的索引一般以logstash-yyyy-mm-dd的形式存在，所以使用默认的logstash-*即可匹配到logstash中的output日志信息。注意，右上
方有个刷新按键，logstash中新定义的字段（如：上面test.conf中的%{DATE:es_dt}里的es_dt），要刷新才能在后面的Visualize、Dashboard中使用。如下图：
（3）Discover
进入一级菜单中的Discover，如果看到提示说捕获不到信息，那看看最右上角，默认是15 mins，点击改长时间范围，如此应能捕获到elasticsearch的日志信息，如不能跳转（1）。左方有可选字段，如字段左边的图标是“？”跳转（2）。上方搜索栏有特定的query语法（见下面的“Query语法”）。右上角有保存搜索结果的图标，点击保存以用于后续的Visualize。
#Query语法
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current//query-dsl-query-string-query.html#query-string-syntax
（4）Visualize
右上角点击load进刚才保存的搜索结果，metrics》Slice Size》Count，buckets》Split Charts》Aggregation:Terms》测试字段。图形显示正常则可保存结果（右上角按键）以用于后续Dashboard使用。如图：
<Q&A>
Q: Kibana》Discover》Can access Kibana, but message in homepage - Unable to fetch mapping; do you have indices matching the pattern
A: （1）说明logstash没有把日志写入到elasticsearch；（2）Discover时间范围设大些
Q：Kibana》visualize》aggregation看不到logstash创建的字段
A：http://www.07net01.com/2015/12/1069635.html
Q：与flume、hadoop等结合
A：http://zh.hortonworks.com/blog/configure-elastic-search-hadoop-hdp-2-0/
Q：Kibana可以与solr结合吗
A：https://lucidworks.com/products/silk/, https://github.com/LucidWorks/banana
<每次启动命令>
su - elasticsearch
cd /appl/elasticsearch-2.1.1/
bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid
cd /appl/logstash-2.1.1
bin/logstash -f /appl/logstash-2.1.1/test.conf
cd /appl/kibana-4.3.1
bin/kibana
<Plugin>
以集群健康监控插件marvel为例：
1) elasticsearch命令
cd /<ES path>/bin./plugin install license./plugin install marvel-agent
2) Kibana命令
cd /<Kibana path>/bin./kibana plugin --install elasticsearch/marvel/2.2.0(或直接下载：https://download.elastic.co/elasticsearch/marvel/marvel-2.2.0.tar.gz，copy到plugin目录即可)
3) start
cd /<ES path>/bin./elasticsearchcd /<Kibana path>/bin./kibanaES 日志
[elasticsearch@centos2 bin]$ ./elasticsearch[2016-04-29 16:21:11,964][WARN ][bootstrap ] unable to install syscall filter: seccomp unavailable: requires kernel 3.5+ with CONFIG_SECCOMP and CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER compiled in[2016-04-29 16:21:12,622][INFO ][node ] [Nick Fury] version[2.2.0], pid[2594], build[8ff36d1/2016-01-27T13:32:39Z][2016-04-29 16:21:12,623][INFO ][node ] [Nick Fury] initializing ...[2016-04-29 16:21:13,492][INFO ][plugins ] [Nick Fury] modules [lang-groovy, lang-expression], plugins [marvel-agent, license], sites [][2016-04-29 16:21:13,529][INFO ][env ] [Nick Fury] using [1] data paths, mounts [[/ (/dev/sda2)]], net usable_space [8.2gb], net total_space [13.6gb], spins? [possibly], types [ext4][2016-04-29 16:21:13,530][INFO ][env ] [Nick Fury] heap size [1015.6mb], compressed ordinary object pointers [true][2016-04-29 16:21:16,326][INFO ][node ] [Nick Fury] initialized[2016-04-29 16:21:16,327][INFO ][node ] [Nick Fury] starting ...[2016-04-29 16:21:16,399][INFO ][transport ] [Nick Fury] publish_address {127.0.0.1:9300}, bound_addresses {127.0.0.1:9300}[2016-04-29 16:21:16,417][INFO ][discovery ] [Nick Fury] elasticsearch/qp4x0XBQTNWeprcpiwKOHA[2016-04-29 16:21:19,502][INFO ][cluster.service ] [Nick Fury] new_master {Nick Fury}{qp4x0XBQTNWeprcpiwKOHA}{127.0.0.1}{127.0.0.1:9300}, reason: zen-disco-join(elected_as_master, [0] joins received)[2016-04-29 16:21:19,525][INFO ][http ] [Nick Fury] publish_address {127.0.0.1:9200}, bound_addresses {127.0.0.1:9200}[2016-04-29 16:21:19,528][INFO ][node ] [Nick Fury] started[2016-04-29 16:21:19,731][INFO ][gateway ] [Nick Fury] recovered [0] indices into cluster_state[2016-04-29 16:21:20,121][INFO ][license.plugin.core ] [Nick Fury] license [ad573b54-b122-45cd-b50a-6ed30b4329ab] - valid[2016-04-29 16:21:20,124][ERROR][license.plugin.core ] [Nick Fury] ## License will expire on [Sunday, May 29, 2016]. If you have a new license, please update it.# Otherwise, please reach out to your support contact.# # Commercial plugins operate with reduced functionality on license expiration:# - marvel# - The agent will stop collecting cluster and indices metrics[2016-04-29 16:21:26,952][INFO ][cluster.metadata ] [Nick Fury] [.marvel-es-2016.04.29] creating index, cause [auto(bulk api)], templates [.marvel-es], shards [1]/[1], mappings [cluster_stats, indices_stats, node_stats, index_recovery, node, shards, index_stats, _default_, nodes, cluster_state, cluster_info][2016-04-29 16:21:27,493][INFO ][cluster.metadata ] [Nick Fury] [.marvel-es-data] creating index, cause [auto(bulk api)], templates [.marvel-es], shards [1]/[1], mappings [cluster_stats, node_stats, indices_stats, index_recovery, node, shards, index_stats, nodes, _default_, cluster_state, cluster_info][2016-04-29 16:21:27,686][INFO ][cluster.routing.allocation] [Nick Fury] Cluster health status changed from [RED] to [YELLOW] (reason: [shards started [[.marvel-es-data][0], [.marvel-es-data][0]] ...]).[2016-04-29 16:21:27,925][INFO ][cluster.metadata ] [Nick Fury] [.marvel-es-2016.04.29] update_mapping [cluster_stats][2016-04-29 16:21:28,010][INFO ][cluster.metadata ] [Nick Fury] [.marvel-es-2016.04.29] update_mapping [node_stats]d[2016-04-29 16:21:38,282][INFO ][cluster.metadata ] [Nick Fury] [.marvel-es-2016.04.29] update_mapping [cluster_stats][2016-04-29 16:21:38,321][INFO ][cluster.metadata ] [Nick Fury] [.marvel-es-2016.04.29] update_mapping [indices_stats]Kibana日志[elasticsearch@centos2 bin]$ ./kibana log [16:33:49.293] [info][status][plugin:kibana] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [16:33:49.335] [info][status][plugin:elasticsearch] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [16:33:49.360] [info][status][plugin:marvel] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [16:33:49.397] [info][status][plugin:kbn_vislib_vis_types] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [16:33:49.423] [info][status][plugin:markdown_vis] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [16:33:49.438] [info][status][plugin:metric_vis] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [16:33:49.469] [info][status][plugin:spyModes] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [16:33:51.297] [info][status][plugin:statusPage] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [16:33:51.317] [info][status][plugin:table_vis] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [16:33:51.341] [info][status][plugin:elasticsearch] Status changed from yellow to green - Kibana index ready log [16:33:51.380] [info][listening] Server running at http://centos2:5601 log [16:33:51.389] [info][status][plugin:marvel] Status changed from yellow to green - Marvel index ready4) 结果
0 0
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