Android 定位GPS的使用

　　刚开始研究android本身的GPS定位，很多东西还不够清楚，只想将自己学到的进行记录。关于gps定位的测试可以使用Genymotion模拟器也可以使用真机测试，如果使用真机测试需要注意：Android的GPS定位只有在没有遮盖物的情况下才能获得Location！=null，否则获取不到经纬度信息。比如你在室内是获得不到位置信息的，另外这里只是介绍一下如何获取到经纬度信息，对于地理位置的解析由于无法获取google服务因此无法对地理位置进行解析，因此平时使用的定位基本都是百度地图或是高德地图的sdk。

获取LocationManager

要想使用Android自带的定位服务就要先获取这项服务也就是获得LocationManager

LocationManager mLocationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(mContext.LOCATION_SERVICE);

LocationProvider

所有种类的Provider

LocationProvider可以获取多种，下面的方法是获取所有的provider的方式。

/**     * 显示定位的Provider的类型     */    private void showLocationType() {        List<String> locationtype = new ArrayList<String>();        locationtype = mLocationManager.getAllProviders();        StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();        strb.append("LocationProvider类型:\n");        for (int i = 0; i < locationtype.size(); i++) {            strb.append("类型" + i +":"+ locationtype.get(i) + "\n");        }        mTextViewLocationType.setText(strb);    }

筛选的Provider

对于LocationProvider的筛选是通过Criteria进行筛选的。

/**     * 显示有选择的Provider的信息，通过Criteria进行过滤     */    private void showSelectedLocationProvider() {        //获取各种类型的LocationProvider的方式，这里作为一种补充//      // 获取passive locationprovider//      LocationProvider locattionprovider_passive = mLocationManager//              .getProvider(LocationManager.PASSIVE_PROVIDER);//      // 获取gps locationprovider//      LocationProvider locattionprovider_gps = mLocationManager//              .getProvider(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);//      // 获取network locationprovider//      LocationProvider locattionprovider_network = mLocationManager//              .getProvider(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);        // LocationProvider        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();        // 设置LocationProvider是免费的        criteria.setCostAllowed(false);        // 设置LocationProvider提供高度信息        criteria.setAltitudeRequired(true);        // 设置LocationProvider提供方向信息        criteria.setBearingRequired(true);        List<String> providerName = mLocationManager.getProviders(criteria,                true);        StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();        for (int i = 0; i < providerName.size(); i++) {            strb.append("类型" + i + providerName.get(i) + "\n");        }        mTextViewLocationSele.setText(strb);    }

获取经纬度

为了进行实时定位需要对LocationManager进行监听，刚开始的时候由于LocationManager获得的location是上次的location而上次的location还未进行检测与监听因此可能出现为空的情况，不过LocationManager进行监听之后Location将不再为空。

// 进行定位的实时监听，每5秒或者每10米监听一次        mLocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER,                50, 10, this);          if(mLocationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)){                 mLocation = mLocationManager                        .getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);             }

具体位置信息由location获得。

/**     *  显示具体位置信息     * @param location     */    private void showLocationInfo(Location location) {        StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();        strb.append("位置信息:" + "\n");        if(location!=null){            strb.append("经度：" + location.getLongitude() + "\n");            strb.append("纬度：" + location.getLatitude() + "\n");            strb.append("高度：" + location.getAltitude() + "\n");            strb.append("速度：" + location.getSpeed() + "\n");        }        mTextViewLocationInfo.setText(strb);    }

测量两点距离

// 显示两点距离    private void showDistanceBetweenTwoPoint() {        final float[] results = new float[3];        Location.distanceBetween(30.333, 30.333, 40.444, 40.444, results);        mTextViewLocationDist.setText(results[0] + "米");    }

完整代码

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements LocationListener {    private TextView mTextViewLocationType;    private TextView mTextViewLocationInfo;    private TextView mTextViewLocationSele;    private TextView mTextViewLocationDist;    private LocationManager mLocationManager;    private Context mContext;    private Location mLocation;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        mTextViewLocationType = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_locationType);        mTextViewLocationInfo = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_locationInfo);        mTextViewLocationSele = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_locationSelected);        mTextViewLocationDist = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_locationdistance);        mContext = getApplicationContext();        mLocationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(mContext.LOCATION_SERVICE);        showLocationType();        showSelectedLocationProvider();        // 进行定位的实时监听，每5秒或者每10米监听一次        mLocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER,                50, 10, this);          if(mLocationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)){                 mLocation = mLocationManager                        .getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);             }        showLocationInfo(mLocation);        showDistanceBetweenTwoPoint();    }    // 显示两点距离    private void showDistanceBetweenTwoPoint() {        final float[] results = new float[3];        Location.distanceBetween(30.333, 30.333, 40.444, 40.444, results);        mTextViewLocationDist.setText(results[0] + "米");    }    /**     *  显示具体位置信息     * @param location     */    private void showLocationInfo(Location location) {        StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();        strb.append("位置信息:" + "\n");        if(location!=null){            strb.append("经度：" + location.getLongitude() + "\n");            strb.append("纬度：" + location.getLatitude() + "\n");            strb.append("高度：" + location.getAltitude() + "\n");            strb.append("速度：" + location.getSpeed() + "\n");        }        mTextViewLocationInfo.setText(strb);    }    /**     * 显示有选择的Provider的信息，通过Criteria进行过滤     */    private void showSelectedLocationProvider() {        //获取各种类型的LocationProvider的方式，这里作为一种补充//      // 获取passive locationprovider//      LocationProvider locattionprovider_passive = mLocationManager//              .getProvider(LocationManager.PASSIVE_PROVIDER);//      // 获取gps locationprovider//      LocationProvider locattionprovider_gps = mLocationManager//              .getProvider(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);//      // 获取network locationprovider//      LocationProvider locattionprovider_network = mLocationManager//              .getProvider(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);        // LocationProvider        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();        // 设置LocationProvider是免费的        criteria.setCostAllowed(false);        // 设置LocationProvider提供高度信息        criteria.setAltitudeRequired(true);        // 设置LocationProvider提供方向信息        criteria.setBearingRequired(true);        List<String> providerName = mLocationManager.getProviders(criteria,                true);        StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();        for (int i = 0; i < providerName.size(); i++) {            strb.append("类型" + i + providerName.get(i) + "\n");        }        mTextViewLocationSele.setText(strb);    }    /**     * 显示定位的Provider的类型     */    private void showLocationType() {        List<String> locationtype = new ArrayList<String>();        locationtype = mLocationManager.getAllProviders();        StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();        strb.append("LocationProvider类型:\n");        for (int i = 0; i < locationtype.size(); i++) {            strb.append("类型" + i +":"+ locationtype.get(i) + "\n");        }        mTextViewLocationType.setText(strb);    }    @Override    public void onLocationChanged(Location arg0) {        // GPS位置发生变化时，更新信息        showLocationInfo(arg0);    }    @Override    public void onProviderDisabled(String arg0) {        // TODO Auto-generated method stub    }    @Override    public void onProviderEnabled(String arg0) {        // 当GPS location Provider可用时,更新位置        showLocationInfo(mLocationManager.getLastKnownLocation(arg0));    }    @Override    public void onStatusChanged(String arg0, int arg1, Bundle arg2) {        // TODO Auto-generated method stub    }}

布局

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical"    tools:context=".MainActivity" >    <ScrollView        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent" >        <LinearLayout            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:orientation="vertical" >            <TextView                android:id="@+id/textview_locationType"                android:layout_width="wrap_content"                android:layout_height="wrap_content"                android:layout_margin="10dp"                android:text="@string/hello_world" />            <View                android:layout_width="match_parent"                android:layout_height="2px"                android:background="#00f" />            <TextView                android:id="@+id/textview_locationSelected"                android:layout_width="wrap_content"                android:layout_height="wrap_content"                android:layout_margin="10dp"                android:text="@string/hello_world" />            <View                android:layout_width="match_parent"                android:layout_height="2px"                android:background="#00f" />            <TextView                android:id="@+id/textview_locationInfo"                android:layout_width="wrap_content"                android:layout_height="wrap_content"                android:layout_margin="10dp"                android:text="@string/hello_world" />            <View                android:layout_width="match_parent"                android:layout_height="2px"                android:background="#00f" />            <TextView                android:id="@+id/textview_locationdistance"                android:layout_width="wrap_content"                android:layout_height="wrap_content"                android:layout_margin="10dp"                android:text="@string/hello_world" />        </LinearLayout>    </ScrollView></LinearLayout>

权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_MOCK_LOCATION" />