【Qt】Qt之自定义界面（QMessageBox）【转】

简述

通过前几节的自定义窗体的学习，我们可以很容易的写出一套属于自己风格的界面框架，通用于各种窗体，比如：QWidget、QDialog、QMainWindow。

大多数窗体的实现都是采用控件堆积来完成的，只要思路清晰，再复杂的界面实现起来都游刃有余。下面我来列举一个由QMessageBox扩展的提示框-根据其源码实现思路来实现！

• 简述
• 效果
• 自定义提示框
  • 实现
  • 接口说明
  • 二次封装
  • 使用方式
• 源码学习

效果

自定义提示框

实现

message_box.h

#ifndef MESSAGE_BOX#define MESSAGE_BOX#include <QMessageBox>#include <QDialogButtonBox>#include <QGridLayout>#include "custom_window.h"class QLabel;class MessageBox : public CustomWindow{    Q_OBJECTpublic:    explicit MessageBox(QWidget *parent = 0, const QString &title = tr("Tip"), const QString &text = "",                        QMessageBox::StandardButtons buttons = QMessageBox::Ok, QMessageBox::StandardButton defaultButton = QMessageBox::Ok);    ~MessageBox();    QAbstractButton *clickedButton() const;    QMessageBox::StandardButton standardButton(QAbstractButton *button) const;    // 设置默认按钮    void setDefaultButton(QPushButton *button);    void setDefaultButton(QMessageBox::StandardButton button);    // 设置窗体标题    void setTitle(const QString &title);    // 设置提示信息    void setText(const QString &text);    // 设置窗体图标    void setIcon(const QString &icon);    // 添加控件-替换提示信息所在的QLabel    void addWidget(QWidget *pWidget);protected:    // 多语言翻译    void changeEvent(QEvent *event);private slots:    void onButtonClicked(QAbstractButton *button);private:    void translateUI();    int execReturnCode(QAbstractButton *button);private:    QLabel *m_pIconLabel;    QLabel *m_pLabel;    QGridLayout *m_pGridLayout;    QDialogButtonBox *m_pButtonBox;    QAbstractButton *m_pClickedButton;    QAbstractButton *m_pDefaultButton;};

message_box.cpp

#include <QLabel>#include <QPushButton>#include <QMessageBox>#include <QCheckBox>#include <QHBoxLayout>#include <QEvent>#include <QApplication>#include "message_box.h"MessageBox::MessageBox(QWidget *parent, const QString &title, const QString &text,                       QMessageBox::StandardButtons buttons, QMessageBox::StandardButton defaultButton)    : CustomWindow(parent){    setWindowIcon(QIcon(":/Images/logo"));    setWindowTitle(title);    setMinimumSize(300, 130);    setMinimizeVisible(false);    setMaximizeVisible(false);    setWidgetResizable(false);    m_pButtonBox = new QDialogButtonBox(this);    m_pButtonBox->setStandardButtons(QDialogButtonBox::StandardButtons(int(buttons)));    setDefaultButton(defaultButton);    QPushButton *pYesButton = m_pButtonBox->button(QDialogButtonBox::Yes);    if (pYesButton != NULL)    {        pYesButton->setObjectName("blueButton");        pYesButton->setStyle(QApplication::style());    }    m_pIconLabel = new QLabel(this);    m_pLabel = new QLabel(this);    QPixmap pixmap(":/Images/information");    m_pIconLabel->setPixmap(pixmap);    m_pIconLabel->setFixedSize(35, 35);    m_pIconLabel->setScaledContents(true);    m_pLabel->setAlignment(Qt::AlignLeft | Qt::AlignVCenter);    m_pLabel->setObjectName("whiteLabel");    m_pLabel->setOpenExternalLinks(true);    m_pLabel->setText(text);    m_pGridLayout = new QGridLayout();    m_pGridLayout->addWidget(m_pIconLabel, 0, 0, 2, 1, Qt::AlignTop);    m_pGridLayout->addWidget(m_pLabel, 0, 1, 2, 1);    m_pGridLayout->addWidget(m_pButtonBox, m_pGridLayout->rowCount(), 0, 1, m_pGridLayout->columnCount());    m_pGridLayout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetNoConstraint);    m_pGridLayout->setHorizontalSpacing(10);    m_pGridLayout->setVerticalSpacing(10);    m_pGridLayout->setContentsMargins(10, 10, 10, 10);    m_pLayout->addLayout(m_pGridLayout);    translateUI();    connect(m_pButtonBox, SIGNAL(clicked(QAbstractButton*)), this, SLOT(onButtonClicked(QAbstractButton*)));}MessageBox::~MessageBox(){}void MessageBox::changeEvent(QEvent *event){    switch (event->type())    {    case QEvent::LanguageChange:        translateUI();        break;    default:        CustomWindow::changeEvent(event);    }}void MessageBox::translateUI(){    QPushButton *pYesButton = m_pButtonBox->button(QDialogButtonBox::Yes);    if (pYesButton != NULL)        pYesButton->setText(tr("Yes"));    QPushButton *pNoButton = m_pButtonBox->button(QDialogButtonBox::No);    if (pNoButton != NULL)        pNoButton->setText(tr("No"));    QPushButton *pOkButton = m_pButtonBox->button(QDialogButtonBox::Ok);    if (pOkButton != NULL)        pOkButton->setText(tr("Ok"));    QPushButton *pCancelButton = m_pButtonBox->button(QDialogButtonBox::Cancel);    if (pCancelButton != NULL)        pCancelButton->setText(tr("Cancel"));}QMessageBox::StandardButton MessageBox::standardButton(QAbstractButton *button) const{    return (QMessageBox::StandardButton)m_pButtonBox->standardButton(button);}QAbstractButton *MessageBox::clickedButton() const{    return m_pClickedButton;}int MessageBox::execReturnCode(QAbstractButton *button){    int nResult = m_pButtonBox->standardButton(button);    return nResult;}void MessageBox::onButtonClicked(QAbstractButton *button){    m_pClickedButton = button;    done(execReturnCode(button));}void MessageBox::setDefaultButton(QPushButton *button){    if (!m_pButtonBox->buttons().contains(button))        return;    m_pDefaultButton = button;    button->setDefault(true);    button->setFocus();}void MessageBox::setDefaultButton(QMessageBox::StandardButton button){    setDefaultButton(m_pButtonBox->button(QDialogButtonBox::StandardButton(button)));}void MessageBox::setTitle(const QString &title){    setWindowTitle(title);}void MessageBox::setText(const QString &text){    m_pLabel->setText(text);}void MessageBox::setIcon(const QString &icon){    m_pIconLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap(icon));}void MessageBox::addWidget(QWidget *pWidget){    m_pLabel->hide();    m_pGridLayout->addWidget(pWidget, 0, 1, 2, 1);}

接口说明

• CustomWindow

  主要对界面的无边框可拖动进行了封装

• MessageBox

  整体界面布局及事件处理参考了QMessageBox源码，接口包含：设置标题、提示信息、默认按钮及事件触发等操作。

二次封装

针对于各种提示框，我们可以再次进行封装，将常用的提取出来，作为全局函数来使用。

QMessageBox::StandardButton showInformation(QWidget *parent, const QString &title,                                            const QString &text, QMessageBox::StandardButtons buttons,                                            QMessageBox::StandardButton defaultButton){    MessageBox msgBox(parent, title, text, buttons, defaultButton);    msgBox.setIcon(":/Images/information");    if (msgBox.exec() == -1)        return QMessageBox::Cancel;    return msgBox.standardButton(msgBox.clickedButton());}QMessageBox::StandardButton showError(QWidget *parent, const QString &title,                                      const QString &text, QMessageBox::StandardButtons buttons,                                      QMessageBox::StandardButton defaultButton){    MessageBox msgBox(parent, title, text, buttons, defaultButton);    msgBox.setIcon(":/Images/error");    if (msgBox.exec() == -1)        return QMessageBox::Cancel;    return msgBox.standardButton(msgBox.clickedButton());}QMessageBox::StandardButton showSuccess(QWidget *parent, const QString &title,                                        const QString &text, QMessageBox::StandardButtons buttons,                                        QMessageBox::StandardButton defaultButton){    MessageBox msgBox(parent, title, text, buttons, defaultButton);    msgBox.setIcon(":/Images/success");    if (msgBox.exec() == -1)        return QMessageBox::Cancel;    return msgBox.standardButton(msgBox.clickedButton());}QMessageBox::StandardButton showQuestion(QWidget *parent, const QString &title,                                         const QString &text, QMessageBox::StandardButtons buttons,                                         QMessageBox::StandardButton defaultButton){    MessageBox msgBox(parent, title, text, buttons, defaultButton);    msgBox.setIcon(":/Images/question");    if (msgBox.exec() == -1)        return QMessageBox::Cancel;    return msgBox.standardButton(msgBox.clickedButton());}QMessageBox::StandardButton showWarning(QWidget *parent, const QString &title,                                        const QString &text, QMessageBox::StandardButtons buttons,                                        QMessageBox::StandardButton defaultButton){    MessageBox msgBox(parent, title, text, buttons, defaultButton);    msgBox.setIcon(":/images/warning");    if (msgBox.exec() == -1)        return QMessageBox::Cancel;    return msgBox.standardButton(msgBox.clickedButton());}QMessageBox::StandardButton showCritical(QWidget *parent, const QString &title,                                         const QString &text, QMessageBox::StandardButtons buttons,                                         QMessageBox::StandardButton defaultButton){    MessageBox msgBox(parent, title, text, buttons, defaultButton);    msgBox.setIcon(":/Images/warning");    if (msgBox.exec() == -1)        return QMessageBox::Cancel;    return msgBox.standardButton(msgBox.clickedButton());}QMessageBox::StandardButton showCheckBoxQuestion(QWidget *parent, const QString &title,                                                 const QString &text, QMessageBox::StandardButtons buttons,                                                 QMessageBox::StandardButton defaultButton){    MessageBox msgBox(parent, title, text, buttons, defaultButton);    msgBox.setIcon(":/Images/question");    QCheckBox *pCheckBox = new QCheckBox(&msgBox);    pCheckBox->setText(text);    msgBox.addWidget(pCheckBox);    if (msgBox.exec() == -1)        return QMessageBox::Cancel;    QMessageBox::StandardButton standardButton = msgBox.standardButton(msgBox.clickedButton());    if (standardButton == QMessageBox::Yes)    {        return pCheckBox->isChecked() ? QMessageBox::Yes : QMessageBox::No;    }    return QMessageBox::Cancel;}

使用方式

showInformation(this, QStringLiteral("提示"), QStringLiteral("这是一个普通的提示框-Information！"));showQuestion(this, QStringLiteral("提示"), QStringLiteral("这是一个普通的提示框-Question！"));showSuccess(this, QStringLiteral("提示"), QStringLiteral("这是一个普通的提示框-Success！"));showError(this, QStringLiteral("提示"), QStringLiteral("这是一个普通的提示框-Error！"));

源码学习

其实Qt中有很多自带的比较好的效果，里面用了很好的实现方式，建议安装的时候把源码download下来，随时可以研究并学习。例如：D:\Qt\Qt5.5.1\5.5\Src\qtbase\src\widgets\dialogs下面包含了所有关于dialog的实现-QProgressDialog、QMessageBox、QFileDialog。。。

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原文作者：一去丶二三里作者博客：去作者博客空间