构建ASP.NET MVC4+EF5+EasyUI+Unity2.x注入的后台管理系统（6）-Unity 2.x依赖注入by运行时注入[附源码]

系列目录

Unity 2.x依赖注入(控制反转)IOC，对于没有大项目经验的童鞋来说，这些都是陌生的名词，甚至有些同学还停留在拉控件的阶段。

您可以访问http://unity.codeplex.com/releases得到最新版本的Unity现在。当然，如果您在您的visual studio 中安装了Nuget 包管理器，你可以直接在Nuget中获取到最新版本的Unity。貌似最新是3了，第5讲我们糟糕的代码演示了接口如何用

这里http://unity.codeplex.com/documentation我们找到了帮助文档大家可以下载下来看看

我们采用的是构造函数注入，运行时注入。

这块的概念可以算算是本系统最模糊的，大家应该好好理解下，博客园一位大虾的 

【ASP.Net MVC3 】使用Unity 实现依赖注入 大家进去看看

这里我不再详说了。

贴出代码，告诉大家怎么做就好了。

下载http://files.cnblogs.com/ymnets/Microsoft.Practices.Unity.rar

在App.Admin创建Library放进去，以后我们要用到的类库都放到这里来，除非说明，引用的类库都是开源的。

App.Core引用Microsoft.Practices.Unity.dll , System.Web.Mvc, System.Web,3个类库和4.BLL,App.IBLL,App.DAL,App.IDAL 4个类库

添加以下2个类

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using App.BLL;using App.DAL;using App.IBLL;using App.IDAL;using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;namespace App.Core{    public class DependencyRegisterType    {        //系统注入        public static void Container_Sys(ref UnityContainer container)        {            container.RegisterType<ISysSampleBLL, SysSampleBLL>();//样例            container.RegisterType<ISysSampleRepository, SysSampleRepository>();        }    }}

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Web;using System.Web.Mvc;using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;namespace App.Core{    public class UnityDependencyResolver : IDependencyResolver    {        private const string HttpContextKey = "perRequestContainer";        private readonly IUnityContainer _container;        public UnityDependencyResolver(IUnityContainer container)        {            _container = container;        }        public object GetService(Type serviceType)        {            if (typeof(IController).IsAssignableFrom(serviceType))            {                return ChildContainer.Resolve(serviceType);            }            return IsRegistered(serviceType) ? ChildContainer.Resolve(serviceType) : null;                    }        public IEnumerable<object> GetServices(Type serviceType)        {            if (IsRegistered(serviceType))            {                yield return ChildContainer.Resolve(serviceType);            }            foreach (var service in ChildContainer.ResolveAll(serviceType))            {                yield return service;            }        }        protected IUnityContainer ChildContainer        {            get            {                var childContainer = HttpContext.Current.Items[HttpContextKey] as IUnityContainer;                if (childContainer == null)                {                    HttpContext.Current.Items[HttpContextKey] = childContainer = _container.CreateChildContainer();                }                return childContainer;            }        }                public static void DisposeOfChildContainer()        {            var childContainer = HttpContext.Current.Items[HttpContextKey] as IUnityContainer;            if (childContainer != null)            {                childContainer.Dispose();            }        }        private bool IsRegistered(Type typeToCheck)        {            var isRegistered = true;            if (typeToCheck.IsInterface || typeToCheck.IsAbstract)            {                isRegistered = ChildContainer.IsRegistered(typeToCheck);                if (!isRegistered && typeToCheck.IsGenericType)                {                    var openGenericType = typeToCheck.GetGenericTypeDefinition();                    isRegistered = ChildContainer.IsRegistered(openGenericType);                }            }            return isRegistered;        }    }    }

UnityDependencyResolver.cs

在系统开始运行时候我们就把构造函数注入。所以我们要在Global文件写入代码

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Web.Http;using System.Web.Mvc;using System.Web.Optimization;using System.Web.Routing;using App.Core;using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;namespace App.Admin{    // 注意: 有关启用 IIS6 或 IIS7 经典模式的说明，    // 请访问 http://go.microsoft.com/?LinkId=9394801    public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication    {        protected void Application_Start()        {            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();            WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);            //启用压缩            BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true;            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);            AuthConfig.RegisterAuth();            //注入 Ioc            var container = new UnityContainer();            DependencyRegisterType.Container_Sys(ref container);            DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new UnityDependencyResolver(container));        }    }}

Global.asax.cs

好了，我们已经把

ISysSampleBLL, SysSampleBLL

ISysSampleRepository, SysSampleRepository

注入到系统了

由于EF生成的实体模型是拥有事务状态的，我们一直希望把开销减少到最低，我们要重新构造SysSample的类

在App.Models新建文件夹Sys，如非特别说明，Sys代表系统，一个Areas区域对应一个文件，区域我们以后会用到

App.Models要引用System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations类库

using System;using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;using System.Runtime.Serialization;namespace App.Models.Sys{    public class SysSampleModel    {        [Display(Name = "ID")]        public string Id { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "名称")]        public string Name { get; set; }               [Display(Name = "年龄")]        [Range(0,10000)]        public int? Age { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "生日")]        public DateTime? Bir { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "照片")]        public string Photo { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "简介")]        public string Note { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "创建时间")]        public DateTime? CreateTime { get; set; }    }}

为什么我们要这么做？不是已经有SysSample了，我们为什么还要SysSampleModel

• 我们应该照顾到将来的系统的分布式,BLL层的分发的web服务
• 我们不应该还在controller还在操作底层，应该转为

以后的讲解中，我们会体会到好处。这里带过即可

接下来我们重新写过IBLL,BLL,controller代码，DAL，IDAL的代码是没问题的，很专注底层

BLL引用Microsoft.Practices.Unity类库

 修改后的代码

using System.Collections.Generic;using App.Models.Sys;namespace App.IBLL{    public interface ISysSampleBLL    {        /// <summary>        /// 获取列表        /// </summary>        /// <param name="pager">JQgrid分页</param>        /// <param name="queryStr">搜索条件</param>        /// <returns>列表</returns>        List<SysSampleModel> GetList(string queryStr);        /// <summary>        /// 创建一个实体        /// </summary>        /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param>        /// <param name="model">模型</param>        /// <returns>是否成功</returns>        bool Create(SysSampleModel model);        /// <summary>        /// 删除一个实体        /// </summary>        /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param>        /// <param name="id">id</param>        /// <returns>是否成功</returns>        bool Delete(string id);             /// <summary>        /// 修改一个实体        /// </summary>        /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param>        /// <param name="model">模型</param>        /// <returns>是否成功</returns>        bool Edit(SysSampleModel model);        /// <summary>        /// 根据ID获得一个Model实体        /// </summary>        /// <param name="id">id</param>        /// <returns>Model实体</returns>        SysSampleModel GetById(string id);        /// <summary>        /// 判断是否存在实体        /// </summary>        /// <param name="id">主键ID</param>        /// <returns>是否存在</returns>        bool IsExist(string id);    }}

ISysSampleBLL.cs

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;using App.Models;using App.Common;using App.Models.Sys;using App.IBLL;using App.IDAL;namespace App.BLL{    public class SysSampleBLL : ISysSampleBLL    {        DBContainer db = new DBContainer();        [Dependency]        public ISysSampleRepository Rep { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 获取列表        /// </summary>        /// <param name="pager">JQgrid分页</param>        /// <param name="queryStr">搜索条件</param>        /// <returns>列表</returns>        public List<SysSampleModel> GetList(string queryStr)        {                            IQueryable<SysSample> queryData = null;                queryData = Rep.GetList(db);                return CreateModelList(ref queryData);        }        private List<SysSampleModel> CreateModelList(ref IQueryable<SysSample> queryData)        {                        List<SysSampleModel> modelList = (from r in queryData                                              select new SysSampleModel                                              {                                                  Id = r.Id,                                                  Name = r.Name,                                                  Age = r.Age,                                                  Bir = r.Bir,                                                  Photo = r.Photo,                                                  Note = r.Note,                                                  CreateTime = r.CreateTime,                                              }).ToList();            return modelList;        }        /// <summary>        /// 创建一个实体        /// </summary>        /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param>        /// <param name="model">模型</param>        /// <returns>是否成功</returns>        public bool Create( SysSampleModel model)        {            try            {                SysSample entity = Rep.GetById(model.Id);                if (entity != null)                {                    return false;                }                entity = new SysSample();                entity.Id = model.Id;                entity.Name = model.Name;                entity.Age = model.Age;                entity.Bir = model.Bir;                entity.Photo = model.Photo;                entity.Note = model.Note;                entity.CreateTime = model.CreateTime;                if (Rep.Create(entity) == 1)                {                    return true;                }                else                {                    return false;                }            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                //ExceptionHander.WriteException(ex);                return false;            }        }        /// <summary>        /// 删除一个实体        /// </summary>        /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param>        /// <param name="id">id</param>        /// <returns>是否成功</returns>        public bool Delete(string id)        {            try            {                if (Rep.Delete(id) == 1)                {                    return true;                }                else                {                    return false;                }            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                return false;            }        }           /// <summary>        /// 修改一个实体        /// </summary>        /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param>        /// <param name="model">模型</param>        /// <returns>是否成功</returns>        public bool Edit(SysSampleModel model)        {            try            {                SysSample entity = Rep.GetById(model.Id);                if (entity == null)                {                    return false;                }                entity.Name = model.Name;                entity.Age = model.Age;                entity.Bir = model.Bir;                entity.Photo = model.Photo;                entity.Note = model.Note;                if (Rep.Edit(entity) == 1)                {                    return true;                }                else                {                    return false;                }            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                //ExceptionHander.WriteException(ex);                return false;            }        }        /// <summary>        /// 判断是否存在实体        /// </summary>        /// <param name="id">主键ID</param>        /// <returns>是否存在</returns>        public bool IsExists(string id)        {            if (db.SysSample.SingleOrDefault(a => a.Id == id) != null)            {                return true;            }            return false;        }        /// <summary>        /// 根据ID获得一个实体        /// </summary>        /// <param name="id">id</param>        /// <returns>实体</returns>        public SysSampleModel GetById(string id)        {            if (IsExist(id))            {                SysSample entity = Rep.GetById(id);                SysSampleModel model = new SysSampleModel();                model.Id = entity.Id;                model.Name = entity.Name;                model.Age = entity.Age;                model.Bir = entity.Bir;                model.Photo = entity.Photo;                model.Note = entity.Note;                model.CreateTime = entity.CreateTime;                return model;            }            else            {                return new SysSampleModel();            }        }        /// <summary>        /// 判断一个实体是否存在        /// </summary>        /// <param name="id">id</param>        /// <returns>是否存在 true or false</returns>        public bool IsExist(string id)        {            return Rep.IsExist(id);        }    }}

SysSampleBLL.cs

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Web.Mvc;using App.BLL;using App.IBLL;using App.Models;using App.Models.Sys;using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;namespace App.Admin.Controllers{    public class SysSampleController : Controller    {        //        // GET: /SysSample/        /// <summary>        /// 业务层注入        /// </summary>        [Dependency]        public ISysSampleBLL m_BLL { get; set; }        public ActionResult Index()        {            List<SysSampleModel> list = m_BLL.GetList("");            return View(list);        }    }}

SysSampleController.cs

@model List<App.Models.Sys.SysSampleModel>@{    Layout = null;}<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />    <title>Index</title></head><body>    <p>        @Html.ActionLink("Create New", "Create")    </p>    <table>        <tr>            <th>               名称            </th>            <th>               年龄            </th>            <th>              生日            </th>            <th>               照片            </th>            <th>               备注            </th>            <th>                创建时间            </th>            <th></th>        </tr>        @foreach (var item in Model) {        <tr>            <td>                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Name)            </td>            <td>                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Age)            </td>            <td>                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Bir)            </td>            <td>                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Photo)            </td>            <td>                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Note)            </td>            <td>                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.CreateTime)            </td>            <td>                @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id=item.Id }) |                @Html.ActionLink("Details", "Details", new { id=item.Id }) |                @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id=item.Id })            </td>        </tr>    }        </table></body></html>

View视图

 

因为SysSample在BLL层已经被释放掉了，大家要注意一下所以视图我们要改下

大家把代码下载下来，跟我们第5讲糟糕的代码对比一下。我们的代码优化了，清晰了，构造器能自动释放内存了，无需要实例化了。

当然预览的效果是一样的

这样我们的系统实现了注入，我们需要好好理解这一讲，后面我们要演示AOP面向方面，对系统日志和异常的处理。

我们有4层异常捕获，你还怕你的系统在运行中出现不明的错误吗？？？？不过再次之前我们要将我们的系统变得更加有趣先。

下一讲，返回json格式与DataGrid结合，实现分页。

代码下载 代码不包含packages文件夹，你编译可能会出错，把你的MVC4项目下的packages复制一份到解决方案下即可