微软企业库之数据访问模块基本使用

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工作的关系需要熟悉微软企业库。转载一些有用的教程和笔记以供自己和大家参考。附:原文链接。

微软企业库的数据访问模块封装了操作数据库的若干方法,本文基于微软企业库5.0。

1、添加程序集引用

需要在项目中添加对下列程序集的引用

Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Common.dll

Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Data.dll

Microsoft.Practices.ServiceLocation.dll

Microsoft.Practices.Unity.dll

Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Interception.dll

2、使用命名空间

using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Data;
using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Data.Sql;
using System.Data.Common;

3、配置连接字符串

<connectionStrings>
<add name="ConnectionString" connectionString="Data Source=.\sqlexpress;Initial Catalog=MySchool;Integrated Security=True" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
</connectionStrings>

4、主要方法

Database db = DatabaseFactory.CreateDatabase("ConnectionString");

4.1 执行增删改sql语句

public int Insert(Model.Subject model)
{
  string sql = "insert into subject values(@subjectname,@hours,@gradeid)";
  DbCommand cmd = db.GetSqlStringCommand(sql);
  db.AddInParameter(cmd, "@subjectname", DbType.String, model.SubjectName);
  db.AddInParameter(cmd, "@hours", DbType.Int32, model.Hours);
  db.AddInParameter(cmd, "@gradeid", DbType.Int32, model.GradeId);
  return db.ExecuteNonQuery(cmd);
}

4.2 返回第1行第1列的值

public int GetCount()
{
  string sql = "select count(*) from subject";
  DbCommand cmd = db.GetSqlStringCommand(sql);
  return Convert.ToInt32(db.ExecuteScalar(cmd));
}

4.3 返回DataSet

public DataTable GetList()
{
  string sql = "SELECT [SubjectId],[SubjectName],[Hours],[GradeName] from subject inner join grade on subject.GradeId=grade.GradeId";

  DbCommand cmd = db.GetSqlStringCommand(sql);
  DataSet ds = db.ExecuteDataSet(cmd);
  return ds.Tables[0];

}

4.4 返回IDataReader

string sql = "select * from College where CollegeId=@id";
DbCommand cmd = db.GetSqlStringCommand(sql);
db.AddInParameter(cmd,"@id",DbType.Int32,id);
using (IDataReader dr = db.ExecuteReader(cmd))
{
  if (dr.Read())
  {
    textBox1.Text = dr[0].ToString();
    textBox2.Text = dr[1].ToString();
  }
}

4.5 执行存储过程

public int Delete(int subjectId)
{
  string sql = "usp_DeleteSubject";

  DbCommand cmd=db.GetStoredProcCommand(sql);

  db.AddInParameter(cmd, "@subjectid", System.Data.DbType.Int32, subjectId);
  return db.ExecuteNonQuery(cmd);

}

4.6 使用数据库事务

private void Transaction_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
  DbCommand dc1 = db.GetStoredProcCommand("usp_College_Insert");

  db.AddInParameter(dc1, "@CollegeID", DbType.Int32, 7);
  db.AddInParameter(dc1, "@Name", DbType.String, "文旅学院");

  DbCommand dc2 = db.GetStoredProcCommand("usp_College_Insert");

  db.AddInParameter(dc2, "@CollegeID", DbType.Int32, 7);
  db.AddInParameter(dc2, "@Name", DbType.String, "化工学院");

  using (DbConnection conn = db.CreateConnection())
  {
    conn.Open();
    DbTransaction trans = conn.BeginTransaction();

    try
    {
      //添加一个ID为7的学院
      db.ExecuteNonQuery(dc1, trans);

      //添加一个ID为7的学院,主键重复,事务将回滚
      db.ExecuteNonQuery(dc2, trans);

      //提交事务.
      trans.Commit();
    }
    catch
    {
      //回滚
      trans.Rollback();
    }
    conn.Close();
  }

  //查看数据库,数据未被添加,说明事务已回滚
  ExecuteDataSet_Click(null, null);
}

4.7 将返回的数据对象化

private void DataAsObject_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
  var results = db.ExecuteSprocAccessor<College>("usp_College_LoadAll");

  MessageBox.Show(results.ElementAt(0).ToString());
}

4.8 异步执行(企业库中的异步访问数据库只支持SQL Server)

private void Async_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
  //创建新的数据库连接,属性必须添加:Asynchronous Processing=true
  String connectionString = @"server=.\sqlexpress; database=TestDB; Integrated Security=true; Asynchronous Processing=true";
  Database Sqldb = new SqlDatabase(connectionString);
  DbCommand cmd = Sqldb.GetStoredProcCommand("usp_College_LoadbyID");
  Sqldb.AddInParameter(cmd, "@CollegeID", DbType.Int32, 1);

  try
  {
    IAsyncResult result = Sqldb.BeginExecuteReader(cmd, MyEndExecuteCallback, Sqldb);
  }
  catch (Exception ex)
  {
    MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
  }
}

//当获取完毕执行该函数

private void MyEndExecuteCallback(IAsyncResult result)
{
  try
  {
    Database Sqldb = (Database)result.AsyncState;
    IDataReader reader = db.EndExecuteReader(result);

    if (reader.Read())
    {
      College c = new College((int)reader[0], (string)reader[1]);

      MessageBox.Show(c.ToString());
    }
    reader.Close();
  }
  catch(Exception ex)
  {
    MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
  }
}


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