SmartWeatherAPI_Lite_WebAPI C# 获取key加密

来源：互联网发布：java switch 枚举编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/05 00:49

中国气象局面向网络媒体、手机厂商、第三方气象服务机构等用户，通过 web 方式提供数据气象服务的官方载体。

在一周前已经申请到appid，但是苦于没有C#版的key 的算法，一直验证不通过，经过几天查询资料，现在提供一份C#版的HMAC-SHA1的加密算法

比较简单，分项给大家，大家可以参考一下。

string GetKey(string appid, string privateKey, string areaId, string date, string type)        {            //使用SHA1的HMAC            HMAC hmac = HMACSHA1.Create();            var publicKey = "http://webapi.weather.com.cn/data/?areaid={0}&type={1}&date={2}&appid={3}";            var data = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format(publicKey, areaId, type, date, appid));            //密钥            var key = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(privateKey);            hmac.Key = key;            //对数据进行签名            var signedData = hmac.ComputeHash(data);            return Convert.ToBase64String(signedData);        }

类型和接口已经修改，请看最新的代码：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.IO;using System.Linq;using System.Net;//项目添加System.Runtime.Serialization引用using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;using System.Security.Cryptography;using System.Web;namespace MvcApplication1{    public class Weather    {        //天气编码对应表        private Dictionary<string, string> weatherInfo = new Dictionary<string, string>();        //风力编码对应表        private Dictionary<string, string> WindInfo = new Dictionary<string, string>();        //风力方向对应表        private Dictionary<string, string> WindInfoDir = new Dictionary<string, string>();        private DataContractJsonSerializer ser;        private byte[] buff = new byte[5 * 1024];        public Weather()        {            #region 初始化编码表            weatherInfo.Add("00", "晴");            weatherInfo.Add("01", "多云");            weatherInfo.Add("02", "阴");            weatherInfo.Add("03", "阵雨");            weatherInfo.Add("04", "雷阵雨");            weatherInfo.Add("05", "雷阵雨伴有冰雹");            weatherInfo.Add("06", "雨夹雪");            weatherInfo.Add("07", "小雨");            weatherInfo.Add("08", "中雨");            weatherInfo.Add("09", "大雨");            weatherInfo.Add("10", "暴雨");            weatherInfo.Add("11", "大暴雨");            weatherInfo.Add("12", "特大暴雨");            weatherInfo.Add("13", "阵雪");            weatherInfo.Add("14", "小雪");            weatherInfo.Add("15", "中雪");            weatherInfo.Add("16", "大雪");            weatherInfo.Add("17", "暴雪");            weatherInfo.Add("18", "雾");            weatherInfo.Add("19", "冻雨");            weatherInfo.Add("20", "沙尘暴");            weatherInfo.Add("21", "小到中雨");            weatherInfo.Add("22", "中到大雨");            weatherInfo.Add("23", "大到暴雨");            weatherInfo.Add("24", "暴雨到大暴雨");            weatherInfo.Add("25", "大暴雨到特大暴雨");            weatherInfo.Add("26", "小到中雪");            weatherInfo.Add("27", "中到大雪");            weatherInfo.Add("28", "大到暴雪");            weatherInfo.Add("29", "浮尘");            weatherInfo.Add("30", "扬沙");            weatherInfo.Add("31", "强沙尘暴");            weatherInfo.Add("53", "雾霾");            weatherInfo.Add("99", "无");            WindInfoDir.Add("0", "无持续风向");            WindInfoDir.Add("1", "东北风");            WindInfoDir.Add("2", "东风");            WindInfoDir.Add("3", "东南风");            WindInfoDir.Add("4", "南风");            WindInfoDir.Add("5", "西南风");            WindInfoDir.Add("6", "西风");            WindInfoDir.Add("7", "西北风");            WindInfoDir.Add("8", "北风");            WindInfoDir.Add("9", "旋转风");            WindInfo.Add("0", "微风");            WindInfo.Add("1", "3-4级");            WindInfo.Add("2", "4-5级");            WindInfo.Add("3", "5-6级");            WindInfo.Add("4", "6-7级");            WindInfo.Add("5", "7-8级");            WindInfo.Add("6", "8-9级");            WindInfo.Add("7", "9-10级");            WindInfo.Add("8", "10-11级");            WindInfo.Add("9", "11-12级");            #endregion            ser = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(WeatherJson));        }        public void RefreshWeather()        {            bool update = false;            //string baseurl = "";            string baseurl = "http://open.weather.com.cn/data/?areaid={0}&type={1}&date={2}&appid={3}";            var cityCode = "101180901";            //指数:index_f(基础接口)；index_v(常规接口) 3天预报:forecast_f(基础接口)；forecast_v(常规接口)            var weatherType = "forecast_f";            var appID = "appID";            var private_key = "private_key";            string url = GetSmartWeatherApi(baseurl, cityCode, weatherType, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmm"), appID, private_key);            int l = 0;            try            {                HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);                request.UserAgent = @"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.0; zh-CN; rv:1.8.1.4) Gecko/20070515 Firefox/2.0.0.4";                //从指定的URL中获取天气信息（JSON数据）                HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();                Stream rs = response.GetResponseStream();                l = rs.Read(buff, 0, buff.Length);                rs.Close();            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                //网络连接失败;            }            //反序列化为实体            var mStream = new MemoryStream(buff, 0, l);            WeatherJson w;            try            {                w = (WeatherJson)ser.ReadObject(mStream);                if (w != null)                {                    foreach (var item in w.f.f1)                    {                        item.fa_des = weatherInfo.ContainsKey(item.fa) ? weatherInfo[item.fa] : string.Empty;                        item.fb_des = weatherInfo.ContainsKey(item.fb) ? weatherInfo[item.fb] : string.Empty;                        item.fe_des = WindInfoDir.ContainsKey(item.fe) ? WindInfoDir[item.fe] : string.Empty;                        item.ff_des = WindInfoDir.ContainsKey(item.ff) ? WindInfoDir[item.ff] : string.Empty;                        item.fg_des = WindInfo.ContainsKey(item.fg) ? WindInfo[item.fg] : string.Empty;                        item.fh_des = WindInfo.ContainsKey(item.fh) ? WindInfo[item.fh] : string.Empty;                    }                }            }            catch (System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException)            {                //反序列化失败                throw;            }            //获取天气预报            foreach (var item in w.f.f1)            {                string weather = (item.fa == item.fb) ? item.fa_des : item.fa_des + "转" + item.fb_des;                string temperature = item.fc + "℃ ~ " + item.fd + "℃";                string wind = item.fg == "0" ? item.fg_des : item.fe_des + " " + item.fg_des;            }        }        private string GetSmartWeatherApi(string _baseUrl, string _areaId, string _type, string _date, string _appID, string _privateKey)        {            string publicKey = string.Format(_baseUrl, _areaId, _type, _date, _appID);            string fullUrl = string.Format(_baseUrl, _areaId, _type, _date, _appID.Substring(0, 6));            fullUrl = string.Format("{0}&key={1}", fullUrl, GetSmartWeatherKeyCode(publicKey, _privateKey));            return fullUrl;        }        private string GetSmartWeatherKeyCode(string _publicKey, string _privateKey)        {            //使用SHA1的HMAC            HMAC hmac = HMACSHA1.Create();            Byte[] data = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_publicKey);            //密钥            Byte[] key = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_privateKey);            hmac.Key = key;            //对数据进行签名            var signedData = hmac.ComputeHash(data);            string keyCode = Convert.ToBase64String(signedData);            keyCode = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(keyCode);            return keyCode;        }    }    #region 天气实体类，用于获取气象局json数据反序列化    public class WeatherJson    {        /// <summary>        /// 城市        /// </summary>        public WeatherC c { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 预报        /// </summary>        public WeatherF f { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 实况        /// </summary>        public WeatherL l { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 指数        /// </summary>        public WeatherI i { get; set; }    }    /// <summary>    /// 实况，type=observe    /// 示例：    /// "l":{     /// "l1":8"    /// "l2":"38"    /// "l3":"6"    /// "l4":"3"    /// "l7":"11:00"    /// }    /// </summary>    public class WeatherL    {        /// <summary>        /// 当前温度(摄氏度)        /// </summary>        public string l1 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 当前湿度(单位%)        /// </summary>        public string l2 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 当前风力(单位是级，无需根据风力编码表取值，直接显示即可)        /// </summary>        public string l3 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 当前风向编号        /// </summary>        public string l4 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 实况发布时间        /// </summary>        public string l7 { get; set; }    }    /// <summary>    /// 指数，type=index    /// 示例：    /// "i":[    /// {    /// "i1":"ct",    /// "i2":"穿衣指数",    /// "i3":"" ,    /// "i4":"热”,    /// "i5":"天气热，建议着短裙、短裤、短薄外套、T 恤等夏季服装。"    /// },    /// ]    /// </summary>    public class WeatherI    {        /// <summary>        /// 指数简称        /// </summary>        public string i1 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 指数中文名称        /// </summary>        public string i2 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 指数中文别名        /// </summary>        public string i3 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 指数级别        /// </summary>        public string i4 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 指数内容        /// </summary>        public string i7 { get; set; }    }    /// <summary>    /// 预报，城市信息，type=forecast3d    /// </summary>    public class WeatherC    {        /// <summary>        /// 区域 ID         /// </summary>        public string c1 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市英文名         /// </summary>        public string c2 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市英文名         /// </summary>        public string c3 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市所在市英文名         /// </summary>        public string c4 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市所在市中文名        /// </summary>        public string c5 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市所在省英文名         /// </summary>        public string c6 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市所在省中文名         /// </summary>        public string c7 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市所在国家英文名         /// </summary>        public string c8 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市所在国家中文名        /// </summary>        public string c9 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市级别         /// </summary>        public string c10 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市区号         /// </summary>        public string c11 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 城市区号         /// </summary>        public string c12 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 经度        /// </summary>        public string c13 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 纬度         /// </summary>        public string c14 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 海拔         /// </summary>        public string c15 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 雷达站号         /// </summary>        public string c16 { get; set; }    }    /// <summary>    /// 预报，type=forecast3d    /// </summary>    public class WeatherF    {        /// <summary>        /// 预报发布时间        /// </summary>        public string f0 { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 3天的天气预报        /// </summary>        public WeatherF1[] f1 { get; set; }    }    public class WeatherF1    {        /// <summary>        /// 白天天气现象编号        /// </summary>        public string fa { get; set; }        public string fa_des { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 晚上天气现象编号        /// </summary>        public string fb { get; set; }        public string fb_des { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 白天天气温度(摄氏度)        /// </summary>        public string fc { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 晚上天气温度(摄氏度)        /// </summary>        public string fd { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 白天风向编号        /// </summary>        public string fe { get; set; }        public string fe_des { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 晚上风向编号        /// </summary>        public string ff { get; set; }        public string ff_des { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 白天风力编号        /// </summary>        public string fg { get; set; }        public string fg_des { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 晚上风力编号        /// </summary>        public string fh { get; set; }        public string fh_des { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 日出日落时间(中间用|分割)        /// </summary>        public string fi { get; set; }    }    #endregion}

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