swift基本语法（总结提炼版）之008 swift 之字典

字典

/// 定义并实例化字典var dict = [String: AnyObject]()dict["name"] = "zhangsan"dict["age"] = 18print(dict)// 设置相同 key，之前的数值会被覆盖dict["name"] = "lisi"print(dict)// 删除某一个 keydict.removeValueForKey("age")print(dict)dict["title"] = "manager"print(dict)// 遍历字典(k, v可以随便写)for (k, v) in dict {    print("\(k) -- \(v)")}// 合并字典var dict2 = ["name": "wangwu", "age": 80, "title": "boss"]for (k, v) in dict2 {    dict.updateValue(v, forKey: k)}print(dict)

操练：

/*

字典定义: 键值对

OC:NSDictionary *dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"lnj" forKey:@"name"];NSLog(@"%@", dict);NSDictionary *dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"name", @"lnj", @"age", @30, nil];NSLog(@"%@", dict);NSDictionary *dict = @{@"name":@"lnj", @"age":@30};NSLog(@"%@", dict);*/// key一定要是可以hash的(String, Int, Float, Double, Bool), value没有要求var dict = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]print(dict)var dict1:Dictionary = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]print(dict1)var dict2:Dictionary<String,Any> = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]print(dict2)var dict3:[String:Any] = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]print(dict3)var dict4:[String:Any] = Dictionary(dictionaryLiteral: ("name", "lnj"), ("age", 30))print(dict4)//不可变数组:var dict5 = [:]//可变数组:let dict6  = [:]/*字典操作OC:1.获取NSDictionary *dict = @{@"name":@"lnj", @"age":@30};NSLog(@"%@", dict[@"name"]);2.修改NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"name", @"lnj", @"age", @30, nil];dict[@"name"] = @"iversion";NSLog(@"%@", dict[@"name"]);NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"name", @"lnj", @"age", @30, nil];[dict setObject:@"iversion" forKey:@"name"];NSLog(@"%@", dict[@"name"]);*///1.获取var dict7 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]print(dict7["name"]!)//2.修改var dict8 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]dict8["name"] = "iverson"print(dict8["name"]!)var dict9 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]dict9.updateValue("iverson", forKey: "name")print(dict9["name"]!)// 3.更新// updateValue返回一个可选类型, 如果字典中不存在需要更新的key, 那么返回nil, 如果存在返回原始值var dict10 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]if let orignal = dict10.updateValue("iverson", forKey: "name"){    print(dict10["name"]!)    print(orignal)}// updateValue返回一个可选类型, 如果字典中不存在需要更新的key, 那么返回nil并且会将新的键值对添加到字典中var dict11 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]if let orignal = dict11.updateValue("iverson", forKey: "abc"){    print(dict11["abc"]!)    print(orignal)}print(dict11)/*4.添加OC:NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"name", @"lnj", @"age", @30, nil];dict[@"height"] = @175;NSLog(@"%@", dict);NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"name", @"lnj", @"age", @30, nil];[dict setObject:@175 forKey:@"height"];NSLog(@"%@", dict);*/var dict12 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]dict12["height"] = 175;print(dict12)/*5.删除OC:NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"lnj", @"name", @30, @"age", nil];[dict removeObjectForKey:@"name"];NSLog(@"%@", dict);NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"lnj", @"name", @30, @"age", nil];[dict removeAllObjects];NSLog(@"%@", dict);*/var dict13 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]dict13.removeValueForKey("name")print(dict13)// removeValueForKey返回一个可选类型, 如果字典中不存在需要删除的key, 那么返回nil并且不会执行任何操作, 如果存在则删除key对应的值, 并且返回被删除的值var dict14 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]if let orignal = dict14.removeValueForKey("names"){    print(dict14)    print(orignal)}print(dict14)var dict15 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]dict15.removeAll(keepCapacity: true)/*遍历字典OC:NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"lnj", @"name", @30, @"age", nil];[dict enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(id key, id obj, BOOL *stop) {NSLog(@"key = %@ value = %@", key, obj);}];NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"lnj", @"name", @30, @"age", nil];NSArray *keys = [dict allKeys];for (NSString *key in keys) {NSLog(@"%@", key);}NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"lnj", @"name", @30, @"age", nil];NSArray *values = [dict allValues];for (NSString *value in values) {NSLog(@"%@", value);}*/var dict16 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]for (key , value) in dict16{    print("key = \(key) value = \(value)")}var dict17 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]for key in dict17.keys{    print("key = \(key)")}var dict18 = ["name":"lnj", "age":30]for value in dict18.values{    print("value = \(value)")}