Python中str操作的学习

Python中str操作的学习

Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 10 2012, 23:31:26) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.>>> help(str)Help on class str in module __builtin__:class str(basestring) |  str(object) -> string |   |  Return a nice string representation of the object. |  If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object. |   |  Method resolution order:（方法解释顺序） |      str |      basestring |      object |   |  Methods defined here:（这里定义的方法） |   |  __add__(...)加法 |      x.__add__(y) <==> x+y |   |  __contains__(...)蕴含 |      x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x |   |  __eq__(...)相等 |      x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y |   |  __format__(...)格式转换 |      S.__format__(format_spec) -> string |       |      Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec. |   |  __ge__(...)大于等于 |      x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y |   |  __getattribute__(...)获取属性 |      x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name |   |  __getitem__(...)获取条目 |      x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] |   |  __getnewargs__(...) |   |  __getslice__(...)切片 |      x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j] |       |   Use of negative indices is not supported. |  （负数的使用在这里是不支持的） |  __gt__(...)大于 |      x._¬_gt__(y) <==> x>y |   |  __hash__(...)？ |      x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) |   |  __le__(...)小于等于 |      x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y |   |  __len__(...)测量长度 |      x.__len__() <==> len(x) |   |  __lt__(...)小于 |      x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y |   |  __mod__(...)取余 |      x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y |   |  __mul__(...)乘法 |      x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n |   |  __ne__(...)不等于 |      x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y |   |  __repr__(...)？ |      x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) |   |  __rmod__(...)被取余 |      x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x |   |  __rmul__(...)被乘 |      x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x |   |  __sizeof__(...)字节数 |      S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes |   |  __str__(...)返回x的str形式 |      x.__str__() <==> str(x) |   |  capitalize(...)首字母大写 |      S.capitalize() -> string  |      Return a copy of the string S with only its first character |      capitalized. |  （|返回字符串 S 的只是其第一个字符的副本首字母大写。 |  center(...)返回一个以S为中心的字符串，其余字符用fillchar填充 |      S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string |      Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is |      done using the specified fill character (default is a space) |  （返回 S 中字符串长度宽度居中。填充是完成使用指定的填充字符 (默认为空格) |  count(...)返回以start开始，以end结尾的切片子串包含的字符数 |      S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int |       |      Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in |      string S[start:end].  Optional arguments start and end are interpreted |      as in slice notation.|  （返回非重叠的子字符串中的子匹配项的数目字符串 S [开始: 结束]。可选参数的开始和结束的解释如在切片表示法。） |  decode(...)译码 |      S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object |       |      Decodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults |      to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error |      handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise |      a UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and 'replace' |      as well as any other name registered with codecs.register_error that is |      able to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors.（编码使用的编解码器的 S 注册编码。编码的默认值为默认的编码。错误可能会给以设置不同的错误处理方案。默认值是编码错误引发的 '严格' 意义UnicodeEncodeError。其他可能的值是 '忽略'，'替换' 和'xmlcharrefreplace'，以及任何其他名称注册|能够处理 UnicodeEncodeErrors 的 codecs.register_error。）| |   |  encode(...)编码 |      S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object |       |      Encodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults |      to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error |      handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise |      a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and |      'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with |      codecs.register_error that is able to handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.  （如果 S 结束以指定的后缀，假否则，返回 True。与可选的起始，测试 S 从该位置开始。随着可选结束，停止比较 S 的该位置。后缀也可以尝试的字符串的元组。）| |  endswith(...)字符串S是否以指定的后缀结尾 |      S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool |       |      Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise. |      With optional start, test S beginning at that position. |      With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. |      suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.如果 S 结束以指定的后缀，假否则，返回 True。与可选的起始，测试 S 从该位置开始。随着可选结束，停止比较 S 的该位置。后缀也可以尝试的字符串的元组。 |  expandtabs(...)替换制表符，参数是制表符包含空格数，默认8字符 |      S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> string |       |      Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces. |      If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed. （返回 S 在那里所有的制表符的一个副本被扩大使用空格。如果不给标签大小，则假定选项卡大小为 8 个字符。） |  find(...)寻找子串，返回索引最小的位置。没找到则返回-1 |      S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int（这里的sub要打引号） |       |      Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found, |      such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional |      arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. |      Return -1 on failure.（在 S 找到子字符串，返回最低的索引这样子包含在 S [开始: 结束]。可选争论就开始和结束都解释为切片表示法）失败返回-1 |  format(...)？ |      S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> string |       |      Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs. |      The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}'). |  （返回格式化后的版本的 S，使用替换参数和调用。替换由大括号 ({' 和 '}')。） |  index(...)与S.find类似，但是如果没有找到则引发ValueError |      S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int |       |      Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found. |   |  isalnum(...)如果S非空且全部字符都是字母或数字，则返回True |      S.isalnum() -> bool |       |      Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. |   |  isalpha(...)如果S非空且全部字符都是字母，则返回True |      S.isalpha() -> bool |       |      Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. |   |  isdigit(...)如果S非空且全部字符都是数字，则返回True |      S.isdigit() -> bool |       |      Return True if all characters in S are digits |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. |   |  islower(...)S为非空且全部字符均为小写字母，则返回真 |      S.islower() -> bool |       |      Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is |      at least one cased character in S, False otherwise. |   |  isspace(...)S为非空且全部字符均为空格，则返回真 |      S.isspace() -> bool |       |      Return True if all characters in S are whitespace |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. |   istitle(...)判断S是否是title，title就是字符串中所有单词首字母大写，其余小写。是则输出true |      S.istitle() -> bool |       |      Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one |      character in S, i.e. uppercase characters may only follow uncased |      characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. Return False |      otherwise. |   |  isupper(...)S为非空且全部字符均为大写字母，则返回真 |      S.isupper() -> bool |       |      Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is |      at least one cased character in S, False otherwise. |   |  join(...)在iterable中的每两个元素之间放一个S |      S.join(iterable) -> string |       |      Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the |      iterable.  The separator between elements is S. |   |  ljust(...)左对齐，默认空格补齐 |      S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> string |       |      Return S left-justified in a string of length width. Padding is |      done using the specified fill character (default is a space). |   |  lower(...)返回S的小写副本 |      S.lower() -> string |       |      Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase. |   |  lstrip(...)去掉左边的空白字符（回车、空格、tab之类） |      S.lstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode |       |      Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed. |      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. |      If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping |   |  partition(...) |      S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail) |       |      Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it, |      the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not |      found, return S and two empty strings. |  （在S中寻找sep，并且返回sep的之前的部分。他的分隔符本身。还有spe之后的部分。如果分隔符不能找到，则返回S和两个空的字符串。） |  replace(...)用new替换S中的old，count表示替换几个 |      S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string |       |      Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring |      old replaced by new.  If the optional argument count is |      given, only the first count occurrences are replaced. |  （返回子字符串的所有匹配项的字符串 S 的副本取而代之的是new。如果可选参数计数给出了，只有第一张事件所取代。）| |  rfind(...)在S中找sub子串，返回索引最大的那个，失败就返回-1。从右开始查找，返回引用计数 |      S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int |       |      Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found, |      such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional |      arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. |       |      Return -1 on failure. |   |  rindex(...)和s.rfind类似，但是如果找不到就返回valueerror |      S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int |       |      Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found. |   |  rjust(...)右对齐，默认用空格补齐 |      S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> string |       |      Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is |      done using the specified fill character (default is a space) |   |  rpartition(...) |      S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail) |       |      Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return |      the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the |      separator is not found, return two empty strings and S. |  （如果分隔符不能找到，则返回S和两个空的字符串。） |  rsplit(...)把S根据sep分割成一个list |      S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings |       |      Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the |      delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and working |      to the front.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are |      done. If sep is not specified or is None, any whitespace string |      is a separator. |  （在S中返回一个列表，使用sep作为定界符字符串，从字符串结尾开始并到开头。如果如果给出了 maxsplit，在大多数 maxsplit 分裂都完成。如果 sep 未指定或没有任何空格的字符串是一个分隔符。 |  rstrip(...)去除右边的字串 |      S.rstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode |       |      Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed. |      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. |      If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping |  （返回字符串 S 的副本与移除尾随空格。如果给出了字符并不是没有，相反在字符删除字符。如果字符是 unicode，S 将剥离之前转换为 unicode） |  split(...)分割 |      S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings |       |      Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the |      delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit |      splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any |      whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are removed |      from the result. |  （在 S，使用 sep 作为字符串返回一个单词列表分隔符的字符串。如果 maxsplit 给定，顶多 maxsplit进行了拆分。如果 sep 未指定，或没有，任何空白字符串是一个分隔符和空字符串中移除从结果。） |  splitlines(...)? |      S.splitlines([keepends]) -> list of strings |       |      Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries. |      Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends |      is given and true. |  (在 S，打破在行边界返回行的列表。换行符不包含在结果列表中，除非 keepends是给定和真实。 |  startswith(...)是否以prefix开头 |      S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool |       |      Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise. |      With optional start, test S beginning at that position. |      With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. |      prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try. |  (如果 S 开始以指定的前缀，假否则，返回 True。与可选的起始，测试 S 从该位置开始。随着可选结束，停止比较 S 的该位置。前缀还可以尝试的字符串的元组。 |  strip(...)去除两边的空格 |      S.strip([chars]) -> string or unicode |       |      Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing |      whitespace removed. |      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. |      If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping |  (返回字符串 S 的前导和尾随的副本空格删除。如果给出了字符并不是没有，相反在字符删除字符。如果字符是 unicode，S 将剥离之前转换为 unicode) |  swapcase(...)大写变小写，小写变大写 |      S.swapcase() -> string |       |      Return a copy of the string S with uppercase characters |      converted to lowercase and vice versa. |  (返回字符串 S 的大写字符的副本转换为小写，反之亦然。) |  title(...)首字母大写 |      S.title() -> string |       |      Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with uppercase |      characters, all remaining cased characters have lowercase. |  (返回一个 titlecased 版本的 S，即单词开头大写字符，所有剩余的字符都小写。) |  translate(...)？翻译 |      S.translate(table [,deletechars]) -> string |       |      Return a copy of the string S, where all characters occurring |      in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the |      remaining characters have been mapped through the given |      translation table, which must be a string of length 256 or None. |      If the table argument is None, no translation is applied and |      the operation simply removes the characters in deletechars. |   |  upper(...)返回一个S的大写副本 |      S.upper() -> string |       |      Return a copy of the string S converted to uppercase. |   |  zfill(...)0左填充 |      S.zfill(width) -> string |       |      Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field |      of the specified width.  The string S is never truncated. |   |  ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |  Data and other attributes defined here: |   |  __new__ = <built-in method __new__ of type object> |      T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T>>>