Spring事务管理学习

jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverjdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///testspringjdbc.username=rootjdbc.password=root

参考 http://www.imooc.com/video/9330

这里使用xml配置来声明事务

准备好jar包

在数据库中创建数据:

#创建数据表account CREATE TABLE `account` (  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,  `money` double DEFAULT NULL,  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('1', 'aaa', '1000');INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('2', 'bbb', '1000');INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('3', 'ccc', '1000');

创建，applicationContext.xml,jdbc.properties,log4j.properties 等会儿再配置

创建一个转账业务接口和实现类，再对应的dao层的接口和实现类：

package com.guoke;/** *转账业务接口 */public interface AccountService {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>public void transfer(String out, String in, double money);}

package com.guoke.spring.demo1;import com.guoke.AccountDao;import com.guoke.AccountService;/** *转账业务的实现类 */public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {private AccountDao accountDao;public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {this.accountDao = accountDao;System.out.println("初始化accountDao"+accountDao);}@Overridepublic void transfer(String out, String in, double money) {accountDao.outMoney(out, money);accountDao.inMoney(in, money);}}

package com.guoke;/** *dao层接口 */public interface AccountDao {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>public void inMoney(String in,Double money);<span style="white-space:pre"></span>public void outMoney(String out,Double money);}

package com.guoke.spring.demo1;import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;import com.guoke.AccountDao;/** *dao层的实现类 */public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao{<span style="white-space:pre"></span>@Override<span style="white-space:pre"></span>public void inMoney(String in, Double money) {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>String sql="update account set money=money+? where name=?";<span style="white-space:pre"></span>this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql,money,in);<span style="white-space:pre"></span>}<span style="white-space:pre"></span>@Override<span style="white-space:pre"></span>public void outMoney(String out, Double money) {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>String sql="update account set money=money-? where name=?";<span style="white-space:pre"></span>this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, money,out);<span style="white-space:pre"></span><span style="white-space:pre"></span>}}

然后配置文件：

applicationContext.xml   :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!-- 引入外部的属性文件 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!-- 引入c3p0连接池 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span></bean><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!-- 引入dao层类 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><bean id="accountDao" class="com.guoke.spring.demo1.AccountDaoImpl"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span></bean><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!-- 引入业务层类 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><bean id="accountService" class="com.guoke.spring.demo1.AccountServiceImpl"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span></bean></beans>

jdbc.properties   :

jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverjdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///testspringjdbc.username=rootjdbc.password=root

注意：这里的testspring是自己建的数据库的名字

log4j.properties  :

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdoutlog4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.logger.org.apache=INFO

最后再创建一个转账的测试类

package com.guoke.demo1;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import com.guoke.AccountService;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")public class SpringDemo1 {@Resource(name="accountService")private AccountService accountService;@Test public void demo1(){accountService.transfer("aaa","bbb", 200d);}}

测试后， 得到的效果： 

现在是正常情况。。

由于这里没有开启事务，如果在转账过程中出错，那么就不一定有上面的效果。

先手动添加一个异常：

public void transfer(String out, String in, double money) {accountDao.outMoney(out, money);int i=1/0;//运行时抛出异常accountDao.inMoney(in, money);}

只转出，未转入

为了管理事务有编程式事务管理，声明式事务管理。

编程式的事务管理，set注入方式，哪个类需要进行事物控制，就需要在对应的BEAN中注入事物管理模板

 1.在AccountService中使用TransactionTemplate （事务管理的模板）

2.TransactionTemplate依赖DateSourceTransaction (这是管理数据库的)

3.DataSourcceTransactionManager依赖DataSource构造

PlatFormTransactionManager是管理事务的接口

编程式事务管理:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!-- 引入外部的属性文件 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!-- 引入c3p0连接池 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span></bean><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!-- 引入dao层类 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><bean id="accountDao" class="com.guoke.spring.demo1.AccountDaoImpl"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span></bean><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!--配置事务管理器 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span></bean><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!-- 配置事务管理的模板，为简化事务管理的代码而提供的类 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span></bean><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!-- 引入业务层类 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><bean id="accountService" class="com.guoke.spring.demo1.AccountServiceImpl"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao" /><span style="white-space:pre"></span><property name="transactionTemplate" ref="transactionTemplate"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span></bean></beans>

AccountServiceImpl和SpringDemo1

package com.guoke.spring.demo1;import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallbackWithoutResult;import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;import com.guoke.AccountDao;import com.guoke.AccountService;/** *转账业务的实现类 */public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>//注入事务管理的模板<span style="white-space:pre"></span>private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;<span style="white-space:pre"></span>private AccountDao accountDao;<span style="white-space:pre"></span><span style="white-space:pre"></span>public void setTransactionTemplate(TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate) {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>this.transactionTemplate = transactionTemplate;<span style="white-space:pre"></span>}<span style="white-space:pre"></span>public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>this.accountDao = accountDao;<span style="white-space:pre"></span>System.out.println("初始化accountDao"+accountDao);<span style="white-space:pre"></span>}<span style="white-space:pre"></span><span style="white-space:pre"></span>@Override<span style="white-space:pre"></span>public void transfer(final String out, final String in, final double money) {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>@Override<span style="white-space:pre"></span>protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus status) {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>accountDao.outMoney(out, money);<span style="white-space:pre"></span>//int i=1/0;<span style="white-space:pre"></span>accountDao.inMoney(in, money);<span style="white-space:pre"></span>}<span style="white-space:pre"></span>});<span style="white-space:pre"></span>}}

package com.guoke.spring.demo1;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import com.guoke.AccountService;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")public class SpringDemo1 {@Resource(name="accountService")private AccountService accountService;@Test public void demo1(){accountService.transfer("aaa","bbb", 200d);}}

运行后， 如果有异常， 失败， 则一起失败。，不会出现钱丢失的现象。

声明式事务管理有三种，这里只写一种。

基于TransactionProxyFactoryBean的方式

修改配置文件

package com.guoke.spring.demo1;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import com.guoke.AccountService;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext2.xml")public class SpringDemo1 {@Resource(name="accountService")private AccountService accountService;@Test public void demo1(){accountService.transfer("aaa","bbb", 200d);}}

package com.guoke.spring.demo2;import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallbackWithoutResult;import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;import com.guoke.AccountDao;import com.guoke.AccountService;/** *转账业务的实现类 */public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {private AccountDao accountDao;public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {this.accountDao = accountDao;System.out.println("初始化accountDao"+accountDao);}@Overridepublic void transfer(String out, String in, double money) {accountDao.outMoney(out, money);accountDao.inMoney(in, money);}}

package com.guoke.spring.demo2;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import com.guoke.AccountService;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext2.xml")public class SpringDemo2 {@Resource(name="accountServiceProxy")private AccountService accountService;@Test public void demo2(){accountService.transfer("aaa","bbb", 200d);}}

效果跟刚才一样的。

=============================================

如果报错， 异常信息给的很全， 应该仔细读。

另外： 之前applicationContext.xml老是 property-placeholder 报错：

The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element 'context:property-placeholder'

写好:

 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd

以及导包，还是出错。

后来尝试把xsd改成4.0后，property-placeholder不报错了。