微信公众平台开发学习记录(2)————自定义菜单创建

公众号调用各接口时都需使用access_token，access_token是公众号的全局唯一票据，获取access_token接口的调用频率限制为2000次/天，如果每次发送客服消息、获取用户信息、群发消息之前都要先调用获取access_token接口得到接口访问凭证，这显然是不合理的，一方面会更耗时（多了一次接口调用操作），另一方面2000次/天的调用限制恐怕也不够用。因此，在实际应用中，我们需要将获取到的access_token存储起来，然后定期调用access_token接口更新它，以保证随时取出的access_token都是有效的。

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// 获取access tokenString str = "";str = HttpUtil.http("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=****&secret=******");System.out.println(str);// 获取微信服务器IP地址// 如果公众号基于消息接收安全上的考虑，需要获知微信服务器的IP地址列表，以便识别出哪些消息是微信官方推送给你的，哪些消息可能是他人伪造的，可以通过该接口获得微信服务器IP地址列表。String str2 = HttpUtil.http("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/getcallbackip?access_token=<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">access_token</span>");System.out.println(str2);}

自定义菜单创建、删除、查询、查询配置接口如下:

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// 自定义菜单删除接口String str5 = HttpUtil.http("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/delete?access_token=drnjhjklW1xANamBWNni5YrioFpgKrmok713WqRA3Ps9711fj5haRTUTLLAqbHZFmq7RooJoefzzDL1CdmSKBGeC7Qav_PKzwwaIRjHBxTMSkaKSxOQm8v6uaUZOspv5RVBiAAAWAG");System.out.println(str5);// 自定义菜单创建接口String menuStr = "{\"button\":[{\"type\":\"click\",\"name\":\"今日歌曲\",\"key\":\"V1001_TODAY_MUSIC\"},"+ "{\"name\":\"菜单\", \"sub_button\":[{\"type\":\"view\", \"name\":\"搜索\", \"url\":\"http://www.soso.com/\"},{\"type\":\"location_select\", \"name\":\"发送位置\",\"key\":\"rselfmenu_2_0\"},{\"type\":\"click\", \"name\":\"赞一下我们\",\"key\":\"V1001_GOOD\"}]},"+ " { \"name\": \"扫码\",\"sub_button\": [{\"type\": \"scancode_waitmsg\",\"name\": \"扫码带提示\",\"key\": \"rselfmenu_0_0\", \"sub_button\": [] }, {\"type\": \"scancode_push\", \"name\": \"扫码推事件\", \"key\": \"rselfmenu_0_1\",\"sub_button\": []} ] }]}";String str3 = HttpUtil.httpsPostMethod("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=drnjhjklW1xANamBWNni5YrioFpgKrmok713WqRA3Ps9711fj5haRTUTLLAqbHZFmq7RooJoefzzDL1CdmSKBGeC7Qav_PKzwwaIRjHBxTMSkaKSxOQm8v6uaUZOspv5RVBiAAAWAG",menuStr);System.out.println(str3);// 自定义菜单查询接口String str4 = HttpUtil.http("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/get?access_token=drnjhjklW1xANamBWNni5YrioFpgKrmok713WqRA3Ps9711fj5haRTUTLLAqbHZFmq7RooJoefzzDL1CdmSKBGeC7Qav_PKzwwaIRjHBxTMSkaKSxOQm8v6uaUZOspv5RVBiAAAWAG");System.out.println(str4);// 获取自定义菜单配置接口String str6 = HttpUtil.http("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_current_selfmenu_info?access_token=drnjhjklW1xANamBWNni5YrioFpgKrmok713WqRA3Ps9711fj5haRTUTLLAqbHZFmq7RooJoefzzDL1CdmSKBGeC7Qav_PKzwwaIRjHBxTMSkaKSxOQm8v6uaUZOspv5RVBiAAAWAG");System.out.println(str6);}

HttpUtil:

package com.qs.util;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.URL;import java.net.URLEncoder;import java.security.cert.CertificateException;import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Map.Entry;import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;import net.sf.json.JSONObject;public class HttpUtil {public static String http(String url) throws Exception {URL u = null;HttpURLConnection con = null;// 构建请求参数StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();// 尝试发送请求try {u = new URL(url);con = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();con.setRequestMethod("POST");con.setDoOutput(true);con.setDoInput(true);con.setUseCaches(false);con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded; text/html; charset=utf-8");OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(con.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8");osw.write(sb.toString());osw.flush();osw.close();} catch (Exception e) {throw e;} finally {if (con != null) {con.disconnect();}}// 读取返回内容StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();try {BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));String temp;while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {buffer.append(temp);}} catch (Exception e) {throw e;}return buffer.toString();}/** * Https POST *  * @throws **/public static String httpsPostMethod(String postURL, String postData) {OutputStreamWriter out = null;HttpsURLConnection conn = null;InputStream is = null;StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();try {SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");sc.init(null, new TrustManager[] { new TrustAnyTrustManager() },new java.security.SecureRandom());// 更换服务如何获取凭证URL console = new URL(postURL);conn = (HttpsURLConnection) console.openConnection();conn.setSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());conn.setHostnameVerifier(new TrustAnyHostnameVerifier());conn.setDoOutput(true);out = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream(), "utf-8");out.write(postData);out.flush();conn.connect();// 读取返回内容is = conn.getInputStream();BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8"));String temp;while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {buffer.append(temp);buffer.append("\n");}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {if (conn != null) {try {out.close();is.close();conn.disconnect();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}return buffer.toString();}// https证书验证private static class TrustAnyTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)throws CertificateException {}public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)throws CertificateException {}public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {return new X509Certificate[] {};}}private static class TrustAnyHostnameVerifier implements HostnameVerifier {public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {return true;}}}