Android apk的安装、卸载、更新升级（通过Eclipse实现静默安装）

一、通过Intent消息机制发送消息，调用系统应用进行，实现apk的安装/卸载   。   
（1）  调用系统的安装应用，让系统自动进行apk的安装   

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String fileName = "/data/data/com.zlc.ipanel.operate/FileOperate.apk";

        Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(newFile(fileName));

        Intent intent = newIntent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);

        intent.setDataAndType(uri,"application/vnd.android.package-archive");

        startActivity(intent);

    上诉安装不仅可以安装新的apk（从无到有），也可以用于更新旧的apk（版本更新），在进行版本更新的时候，必须保证两个apk的签名是一致的。  
    如果是一般应用，安装到data/分区下面，新的apk会替换旧的apk。  
    如果是系统应用，一般安装到system/app下面，更新之后，  system/app/下的旧apk仍然存在，系统会将新的apk被复制到data/app下。虽然同时存在两新旧apk，但运行时系统选择data分区的新apk运行，   如果执行卸载则是删除data分区的apk，再次启动程序运行的是system目录下旧的apk。   
（2）启动系统的卸载应用，让系统自动卸载apk  

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//通过程序的包名创建URI

Uri packageURI = Uri.parse("package:com.zlc.ipanel");

//创建Intent意图

Intent intent = newIntent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE,packageURI);

//执行卸载程序

startActivity(intent);

与apk安装不同的是，Intent消息这里改了：ACTION_DELETE，apk安装使用的是（ACTION_VIEW）

二、通过调用系统提供的接口packageManager对apk进行卸载、安装、获取权限等（静默安装）
（1）需要平台签名（写个Android.mk在源码下编译最省事，当然网上也有很多其他方法，比如：singapk命令行签名）
（2）由于调用的是未公开的API，所以需要引入源码（仅仅做一个马甲，不参与编译）
（3）在AndroidManifest.xml添加安装apk的权限
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES" />
（4）如果升级失败出现 Unable to open zip '/data/FileOperate.apk': Permission denied，说明是权限不够，有可能当前apk只有（-rw-------）权限，通过Runtime.exec方法修改权限之后再进行升级是可以成功的。

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PackageManager pm = this.getPackageManager();

        File file = newFile("/data/data/com.zlc.ipanel.operate/FileOperate.apk");

        pm.installPackage(Uri.fromFile(file),null,

                PackageManager.INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING,"com.zlc.ipanel");

（5）下面举一个例子通过Eclipse来实现静默安装/卸载。
    1）按照我们上面讲的静默安装需求一步步实现我们的操作。首先准备马甲（静默安装需要调用的接口）
    由于调用了系统未公开的接口，而这些接口有些是通过aidl实现的，下面我们把需要的马甲修改一下。
    PackageManager.java

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/*

 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project

 *

 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

 * You may obtain a copy of the License at

 *

 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 *

 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

 * limitations under the License.

 */

 

packageandroid.content.pm;

 

importandroid.content.Context;

importandroid.net.Uri;

 

/**

 * Class for retrieving various kinds of information related to the application

 * packages that are currently installed on the device.

 *

 * You can find this class through {@link Context#getPackageManager}.

 */

publicabstract class PackageManager {

 

    /**

     * Flag parameter for {@link #installPackage} to indicate that you want to replace an already

     * installed package, if one exists.

     * @hide

     */

    publicstatic final int INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING = 0x00000002;

 

 

    /**

     * @hide

     *

     * Install a package. Since this may take a little while, the result will

     * be posted back to the given observer.  An installation will fail if the calling context

     * lacks the {@link android.Manifest.permission#INSTALL_PACKAGES} permission, if the

     * package named in the package file's manifest is already installed, or if there's no space

     * available on the device.

     *

     * @param packageURI The location of the package file to install.  This can be a 'file:' or a

     * 'content:' URI.

     * @param observer An observer callback to get notified when the package installation is

     * complete. {@link IPackageInstallObserver#packageInstalled(String, int)} will be

     * called when that happens.  observer may be null to indicate that no callback is desired.

     * @param flags - possible values: {@link #INSTALL_FORWARD_LOCK},

     * {@link #INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING}, {@link #INSTALL_ALLOW_TEST}.

     * @param installerPackageName Optional package name of the application that is performing the

     * installation. This identifies which market the package came from.

     */

    publicabstract void installPackage(

            Uri packageURI, IPackageInstallObserver observer, intflags,

            String installerPackageName);

 

 

    /**

     * Attempts to delete a package.  Since this may take a little while, the result will

     * be posted back to the given observer.  A deletion will fail if the calling context

     * lacks the {@link android.Manifest.permission#DELETE_PACKAGES} permission, if the

     * named package cannot be found, or if the named package is a "system package".

     * (TODO: include pointer to documentation on "system packages")

     *

     * @param packageName The name of the package to delete

     * @param observer An observer callback to get notified when the package deletion is

     * complete. {@link android.content.pm.IPackageDeleteObserver#packageDeleted(boolean)} will be

     * called when that happens.  observer may be null to indicate that no callback is desired.

     * @param flags - possible values: {@link #DONT_DELETE_DATA}

     *

     * @hide

     */

    publicabstract void deletePackage(

            String packageName, IPackageDeleteObserver observer, intflags);

 

   

}

安装成功的回调接口IPackageInstallObserver.java（修改过的马甲）

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packageandroid.content.pm;

 

importandroid.os.RemoteException;

 

publicinterface IPackageInstallObserver {

    publicclass Stub implementsIPackageInstallObserver{

        publicvoid packageInstalled(String packageName, intreturnCode)

                throwsRemoteException {

            // TODO Auto-generated method stub

             

        }

    }

}

卸载成功的回调接口IPackageDeleteObserver.java（修改过的马甲） 

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packageandroid.content.pm;

 

publicinterface IPackageDeleteObserver {

    publicclass Stub implementsIPackageDeleteObserver{

        publicvoid packageDeleted(String packageName, intreturnCode) {

            // TODO Auto-generated method stub     

        }

    }  

}

    2）马甲准备好之后，就开始实现我们的操作逻辑。 
    实现静默安装/卸载的方法，并且注册回调（无论失败成功都会返回对应值）   

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//静默安装

publicstatic void installApkDefaul(Context context,String fileName,String pakcageName){

    Log.d(TAG,"jing mo an zhuang");

    File file = newFile(fileName);

    intinstallFlags = 0;

    if(!file.exists())

        return;

    Log.d(TAG,"jing mo an zhuang  out");

    installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING; 

    PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();

    IPackageInstallObserver observer = newMyPakcageInstallObserver();

    pm.installPackage(Uri.fromFile(file), observer, installFlags, pakcageName);

}

//静默卸载

publicstatic void uninstallApkDefaul(Context context,String packageName){

    PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();

    IPackageDeleteObserver observer = newMyPackageDeleteObserver();

    pm.deletePackage(packageName, observer, 0);

}

//静默卸载回调

privatestatic class MyPackageDeleteObserver extendsIPackageDeleteObserver.Stub{

    @Override

    publicvoid packageDeleted(String packageName, intreturnCode) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        Log.d(TAG,"returnCode = "+returnCode);//返回1代表卸载成功

    }

 

}

//静默安装回调

privatestatic class MyPakcageInstallObserver extendsIPackageInstallObserver.Stub{

    @Override

    publicvoid packageInstalled(String packageName, intreturnCode)

            throwsRemoteException {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

         Log.i(TAG,"returnCode = " + returnCode);//返回1代表安装成功 

    }

}

    3）主要的逻辑实现之后，在AndroidManifest.xml 添加安装和卸载的权限 

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<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES"/>

<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.DELETE_PACKAGES"/>

    4）运行Eclipse，生成该应用的apk，下面就要进行系统签名了。写一个脚本来来实现替换成系统签名 
    使用签名包签名首先我们要去源码里面取出下面这几个文件platform.x509.pem、platform.pk8、signapk.jar 
      
     脚本1.bat （ 和生成的apk以及上面三个文件放到同一个目录下面，一般为工程下面的bin目录）

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java -jar  signapk.jar  platform.x509.pem  platform.pk8 FileUpdateControl.apk 1.apk

adb uninstall com.zlc.ipanel.operate

adb install1.apk

    5）当下载到系统里面的apk权限不够时（静默安装提示权限问题， 有可能当前apk只有（-rw-------）权限 ） 
    可以使用下面三种方式修改权限 

    1.使用Runtime来启动一个线程修改权限

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try{

            Runtime.getRuntime().exec("chmod 777 " + file.getCanonicalPath());

        }catch(IOException e) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    2.写一个native接口直接通过jni调用c的接口修改权限。
    3.使用FileUtils，这个类默认是隐藏的，官方sdk中不包含这个类，所以代码如果要使用这个类，需要将工程放到android源码中编译
          FileUtils.setPermissions(f.getAbsolutePath(), FileUtils.S_IRUSR | FileUtils.S_IWUSR | FileUtils.S_IRGRP | FileUtils.S_IROTH, -1, -1) ;

三、其他apk安装的方法

    （1）通过cmd窗口 adb 命令，install / uninstall apk。 
    （2）cp apk 到 system/app目录下，系统会自动安装  
    （3）直接通过代码调用pm命令执行apk的安装和卸载  

1、
execCommand("pm", "install", "-f", filePath);//安装apk，filePath为apk文件路径，如/sdcard/operate.apk2、

   execCommand("pm", "uninstall", packageName);//卸载apk，packageName为包名，如com.zlc.ipanel

静默安装依赖源码包下载