Activiti 5.3：子流程（subProcess）

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Activiti 5.3提供了子流程的实现，包括两种基于子流程的实现：

一种是内嵌子流程：子流程元素<subProcess>内嵌在主流程元素<process>之内，只能在该流程中使用该子流程，外部是无法访问到的。这种子流程一般作为局部通用逻辑处理，或者因为特定业务需要，使得比较复杂的单个主流程设计清晰直观；

另一种是调用子流程：首先实现一个流程，在另一个流程中可以调用该流程，通常可以定义一些通用的流程作为这种调用子流程，供其他多个流程定义复用。这种子流程使用<callActivity>元素来进行调用，间接地嵌入到主流程中，用起来比较方便。

内嵌子流程

实现的基于内嵌子流程的流程，示例如图所示：

对应的流程定义文件SubProcessTest.MySubprocess.bpmn20.xml，内容如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><definitions id="definitions"    xmlns="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL" xmlns:activiti="http://activiti.org/bpmn"    targetNamespace="Examples">    <process id="MySubprocess" name="My Subprocess">        <startEvent id="theStart" />        <sequenceFlow id="flow1" sourceRef="theStart" targetRef="subProcess" />                 <subProcess id="subProcess">            <startEvent id="subProcessStart" />            <sequenceFlow id="flow2" sourceRef="subProcessStart" targetRef="subProcessFork" />            <parallelGateway id="subProcessFork" />            <sequenceFlow id="flow3" sourceRef="subProcessFork" targetRef="task1" />            <sequenceFlow id="flow4" sourceRef="subProcessFork" targetRef="task2" />            <userTask id="task1" name="Check bank" activiti:candidateGroups="engineering">                <extensionElements>                    <activiti:taskListener event="complete"                        class="org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.CheckBankTask" />                </extensionElements>            </userTask>            <sequenceFlow id="flow5" sourceRef="task1" targetRef="subProcessJoin" />            <userTask id="task2" name="Investigate software" activiti:candidateGroups="engineering" >                <extensionElements>                    <activiti:taskListener event="complete"                        class="org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.CheckMerchantTask" />                </extensionElements>            </userTask>            <sequenceFlow id="flow6" sourceRef="task2" targetRef="subProcessJoin" />            <parallelGateway id="subProcessJoin" />            <sequenceFlow id="flow7" sourceRef="subProcessJoin" targetRef="subProcessEnd" />            <endEvent id="subProcessEnd" />        </subProcess>         <sequenceFlow id="flow10" sourceRef="subProcess" targetRef="taskAfterSubProcess" />        <userTask id="taskAfterSubProcess" name="Collect message" activiti:candidateGroups="engineering" >            <extensionElements>                    <activiti:taskListener event="complete"                        class="org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.CollectMessageTask" />            </extensionElements>        </userTask>        <sequenceFlow id="flow11" sourceRef="taskAfterSubProcess" targetRef="theEnd" />        <endEvent id="theEnd" />    </process> </definitions>

流程定义中，实现了3个TaskListener，对应的代码分别如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess; import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.logging.Logger; import org.activiti.engine.delegate.DelegateTask;import org.activiti.engine.impl.pvm.delegate.TaskListener; public class CheckBankTask implements TaskListener {     private final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(CheckBankTask.class.getName());         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")    public void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask) {        log.info("i am CheckBankTask.");        System.out.println("in : " + delegateTask.getVariables());        ((HashMap<String, Object>)delegateTask.getVariables().get("in")).put("next", "CheckBankTask");        ((HashMap<String, Object>)delegateTask.getVariables().get("out")).put("reponse", "subprocess:CheckBankTask->CheckMerchantTask");    }}

package org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess; import java.util.HashMap; public class CheckMerchantTask implements TaskListener {     private final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(CheckMerchantTask.class.getName());         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")    public void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask) {        log.info("i am CheckMerchantTask.");        System.out.println("in : " + delegateTask.getVariables());        ((HashMap<String, Object>)delegateTask.getVariables().get("in")).put("previous", "CheckMerchantTask");    }}

package org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess; import java.util.Map; public class CollectMessageTask implements TaskListener {     private final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(CollectMessageTask.class.getName());         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")    public void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask) {        log.info("i am CollectMessageTask.");        System.out.println("out : " + (Map<String, Object>)delegateTask.getVariables().get("out"));        System.out.println("all : " + delegateTask.getVariables());    }}

测试用例，代码如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess; import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map; import org.activiti.engine.repository.Deployment;import org.activiti.engine.runtime.ProcessInstance;import org.activiti.engine.task.Task;import org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.AbstractTest; /** * <a href="http://my.oschina.net/arthor" class="referer" target="_blank">@author</a> shirdrn */public class MySubProcessTest extends AbstractTest {     @Override    protected void initialize() throws Exception {        Deployment deployment = repositoryService        .createDeployment()        .addClasspathResource(                "diagrams/SubProcessTest.MySubprocess.bpmn20.xml")        .deploy();          deploymentId = deployment.getId();    }     @Override    protected void destroy() throws Exception {        repositoryService.deleteDeployment(deploymentId, true);     }         public void testSubProcess() {        // prepare data packet        Map<String, Object> variables = new HashMap<String, Object>();        Map<String, Object> subVariables = new HashMap<String, Object>();        variables.put("maxTransCount", 1000000);        variables.put("merchant", new Merchant("ICBC"));        variables.put("protocol", "UM32");        variables.put("repository", "10.10.38.99:/home/shirdrn/repository");        variables.put("in", subVariables);        variables.put("out", new HashMap<String, Object>());                 // start process instance        ProcessInstance pi = runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey("MySubprocess", variables);                 // enter subprocess        List<Task> tasks = taskService.createTaskQuery().processInstanceId(pi.getId()).orderByTaskName().asc().list();        assertEquals(2, tasks.size());                 for(Task task : tasks) {            taskService.complete(task.getId());        }                 // leave subprocess        Task collectTask = taskService.createTaskQuery().processInstanceId(pi.getId()).singleResult();        assertEquals("Collect message", collectTask.getName());                 Map<String, Object> taskVariables = new HashMap<String, Object>();        taskVariables.put("att", "anything you need");        taskService.setVariable(collectTask.getId(), "oper", "shirdrn");        taskService.complete(collectTask.getId(), taskVariables);    } }

运行结果信息，如下所示：

2011-3-24 17:36:36 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.CheckBankTask notify信息: i am CheckBankTask.in : {protocol=UM32, repository=10.10.38.99:/home/shirdrn/repository, merchant=Merchant[ICBC], maxTransCount=1000000, in={}, out={}}2011-3-24 17:36:36 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.CheckMerchantTask notify信息: i am CheckMerchantTask.in : {protocol=UM32, repository=10.10.38.99:/home/shirdrn/repository, merchant=Merchant[ICBC], maxTransCount=1000000, in={next=CheckBankTask}, out={reponse=subprocess:CheckBankTask->CheckMerchantTask}}2011-3-24 17:36:36 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.CollectMessageTask notify信息: i am CollectMessageTask.out : {reponse=subprocess:CheckBankTask->CheckMerchantTask}all : {protocol=UM32, repository=10.10.38.99:/home/shirdrn/repository, merchant=Merchant[ICBC], oper=shirdrn, att=anything you need, maxTransCount=1000000, in={previous=CheckMerchantTask, next=CheckBankTask}, out={reponse=subprocess:CheckBankTask->CheckMerchantTask}}

调用子流程

实现的子流程，示例如图所示：

对应的流程定义文件Subprocess.Check.bpmn20.xml，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><definitions xmlns="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:activiti="http://activiti.org/bpmn" xmlns:bpmndi="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/DI" xmlns:omgdc="http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DC" xmlns:omgdi="http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DI" typeLanguage="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" expressionLanguage="http://www.w3.org/1999/XPath" targetNamespace="http://www.activiti.org/test">  <process id="CheckSubprocess" name="CheckSubprocess">    <startEvent id="startevent4" name="Start"></startEvent>    <serviceTask id="servicetask4" name="Check User" activiti:class="org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.BusinessCheck"></serviceTask>    <endEvent id="endevent4" name="End"></endEvent>    <sequenceFlow id="flow7" name="" sourceRef="startevent4" targetRef="servicetask4"></sequenceFlow>    <sequenceFlow id="flow8" name="" sourceRef="servicetask4" targetRef="endevent4"></sequenceFlow>  </process></definitions>

上面的流程定义，和通常定义流程的方式是相同的。流程中，对应的JavaDelegate的实现类，代码如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess; import java.util.logging.Logger; import org.activiti.engine.delegate.DelegateExecution;import org.activiti.engine.delegate.JavaDelegate; public class BusinessCheck implements JavaDelegate {         private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(BusinessCheck.class.getName());         @Override    public void execute(DelegateExecution execution) throws Exception {        // varOutFromMainprocess<->varInSubprocess        String varInSubprocess = (String)execution.getVariable("varInSubprocess");        log.info("in subprocess get(varInSubprocess): " + varInSubprocess);                 log.info("variavles=" + execution.getVariables());        execution.setVariable("s:bc", "Subprocess:BusinessCheck");        log.info("I am BusinessCheck in subprocess.");                   execution.setVariable("varInSubprocess", "BBBB");        log.info("in subprocess set(varInSubprocess): " + varInSubprocess);    }}

该BusinessCheck类简单用来校验用户数据。

下面看一下主流程，如图所示：

上面的callSubprocess结点对应的就是流程定义中的<callActivity>元素，调用了外部流程。对应的流程定义文件Subprocess.Mainprocess.bpmn20.xml，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><definitions xmlns="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:activiti="http://activiti.org/bpmn"    xmlns:bpmndi="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/DI" xmlns:omgdc="http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DC"    xmlns:omgdi="http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DI" typeLanguage="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"    expressionLanguage="http://www.w3.org/1999/XPath" targetNamespace="http://www.activiti.org/test">    <process id="Mainprocess" name="Main Process">        <startEvent id="startevent1" name="Start"></startEvent>        <sequenceFlow id="flow1" name="" sourceRef="startevent1" targetRef="servicetask1"></sequenceFlow>        <serviceTask id="servicetask1" name="System Initialization" activiti:class="org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.Initialization"></serviceTask>        <sequenceFlow id="flow2" name="" sourceRef="servicetask1" targetRef="callSubprocess"></sequenceFlow>        <callActivity id="callSubprocess" calledElement="CheckSubprocess" >           <extensionElements>                   <activiti:in source="varOutFromMainprocess" target="varInSubprocess" />                   <activiti:out source="varInSubprocess" target="varOutFromSubprocess" />           </extensionElements>         </callActivity>        <sequenceFlow id="flow3" name="" sourceRef="callSubprocess" targetRef="servicetask2"></sequenceFlow>        <serviceTask id="servicetask2" name="Do Transaction" activiti:class="org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.DoTransaction"></serviceTask>        <sequenceFlow id="flow4" name="" sourceRef="servicetask2" targetRef="endevent1"></sequenceFlow>        <endEvent id="endevent1" name="End"></endEvent>    </process></definitions>

需要说明的是，对于主流程与子流程之间进行数据交换，需要在<callActivity>元素中进行配置，通过执行“传入”、“传出”变量的方式来进行。片段如下所示：

<callActivity id="callSubprocess" calledElement="CheckSubprocess" >   <extensionElements>       <activiti:in source="varOutFromMainprocess" target="varInSubprocess" />       <activiti:out source="varInSubprocess" target="varOutFromSubprocess" />   </extensionElements> </callActivity>

我们可以通过在主流程中设置一个变量为varOutFromMainprocess，并指定对应的输入数据，根据流程定义，会将变量 varOutFromMainprocess对应的值，传递给子流程中的变量varInSubprocess，只需要在子流程中获取变量 varInSubprocess的值即可。从子流程中传出数据的道理是类似的。上面实现了2个JavaDelegate处理类，代码分别如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess; import java.util.logging.Logger; public class Initialization implements JavaDelegate {         private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Initialization.class.getName());         @Override    public void execute(DelegateExecution execution) throws Exception {        log.info("variavles=" + execution.getVariables());        execution.setVariable("m:i", "Mainprocess:Initialization");        log.info("I am Initialization in mainprocess.");                 execution.setVariable("varOutFromMainprocess", "AAAA");        log.info("in mainprocess set(varOutFromMainprocess): " + execution.getVariable("varOutFromMainprocess"));    }}

package org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess; import java.util.logging.Logger; public class DoTransaction implements JavaDelegate {         private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(DoTransaction.class.getName());         @Override    public void execute(DelegateExecution execution) throws Exception {        // varInSubprocess<->varOutFromSubprocess        String varOutFromSubprocess = (String)execution.getVariable("varOutFromSubprocess");        log.info("in mainprocess get(varOutFromSubprocess): " + varOutFromSubprocess);                 log.info("variavles=" + execution.getVariables());        execution.setVariable("m:dt", "Mainprocess:DoTransaction");        log.info("I am DoTransaction in mainprocess.");    }}

实现的测试用例，代码如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess; import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map; import org.activiti.engine.repository.Deployment;import org.activiti.engine.runtime.ProcessInstance;import org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.AbstractTest; /** * <a href="http://my.oschina.net/arthor" class="referer" target="_blank">@author</a> shirdrn */public class MainprocessTest extends AbstractTest {     @Override    protected void initialize() throws Exception {        Deployment deployment = repositoryService        .createDeployment()        .addClasspathResource(                "diagrams/Subprocess.Check.bpmn20.xml")        .deploy();          deploymentIdList.add(deployment.getId());                 deployment = repositoryService        .createDeployment()        .addClasspathResource(                "diagrams/Subprocess.Mainprocess.bpmn20.xml")        .deploy();          deploymentIdList.add(deployment.getId());    }     @Override    protected void destroy() throws Exception {        for(String deployment : deploymentIdList) {            repositoryService.deleteDeployment(deployment, true);           }    }         public void testSubProcess() {        // prepare data packet        Map<String, Object> variables = new HashMap<String, Object>();        Map<String, Object> subVariables = new HashMap<String, Object>();        variables.put("protocol", "UM32");        variables.put("repository", "10.10.38.99:/home/shirdrn/repository");        variables.put("in", subVariables);        variables.put("out", new HashMap<String, Object>());                 // start process instance        ProcessInstance pi = runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey("Mainprocess", variables);                 assertEquals(true, pi.isEnded());    } }

代码中org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.AbstractTest类可以参考： Activiti 5.3：流程活动自动与手工触发执行里面。上述测试程序运行结果如下所示：

2011-3-24 17:52:13 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.Initialization execute信息: variavles={protocol=UM32, repository=10.10.38.99:/home/shirdrn/repository, in={}, out={}}2011-3-24 17:52:13 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.Initialization execute信息: I am Initialization in mainprocess.2011-3-24 17:52:13 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.Initialization execute信息: in mainprocess set(varOutFromMainprocess): AAAA2011-3-24 17:52:13 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.BusinessCheck execute信息: in subprocess get(varInSubprocess): AAAA2011-3-24 17:52:13 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.BusinessCheck execute信息: variavles={varInSubprocess=AAAA}2011-3-24 17:52:13 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.BusinessCheck execute信息: I am BusinessCheck in subprocess.2011-3-24 17:52:13 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.BusinessCheck execute信息: in subprocess set(varInSubprocess): AAAA2011-3-24 17:52:13 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.DoTransaction execute信息: in mainprocess get(varOutFromSubprocess): BBBB2011-3-24 17:52:13 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.DoTransaction execute信息: variavles={protocol=UM32, repository=10.10.38.99:/home/shirdrn/repository, varOutFromSubprocess=BBBB, varOutFromMainprocess=AAAA, in={}, out={}, m:i=Mainprocess:Initialization}2011-3-24 17:52:13 org.shirdrn.workflow.activiti.subprocess.DoTransaction execute信息: I am DoTransaction in mainprocess.

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