自定义控件的自定义的属性attrs.xml下的declare-styleable中format详解
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最近在摸索自定义控件,查找到一些自定义属性的一些资料,解决转载记载下来:看了此详解才方便理解!
我们在做项目的时候,由于android自带的属性不能满足需求,android提供了自定义属性的方法,其中的format是做什么用的?以及如何使用它?下面列出一些常用的。
1. reference:参考某一资源ID。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "名称"> <attr name = "background" format = "reference" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <ImageView android:layout_width = "42dip" android:layout_height = "42dip" android:background = "@drawable/图片ID" />
2. color:颜色值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "名称"> <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <TextView android:layout_width = "42dip" android:layout_height = "42dip" android:textColor = "#00FF00" />
3. boolean:布尔值。(1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "名称"> <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <Button android:layout_width = "42dip" android:layout_height = "42dip" android:focusable = "true" />
4. dimension:尺寸值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "名称"> <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <Button android:layout_width = "42dip" android:layout_height = "42dip" />
5. float:浮点值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation"> <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" /> <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <alpha android:fromAlpha = "1.0" android:toAlpha = "0.7" />
6. integer:整型值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable"> <attr name = "visible" /> <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" /> <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" /> <attr name = "pivotX" /> <attr name = "pivotY" /> <attr name = "drawable" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <animated-rotate xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID" android:pivotX = "50%" android:pivotY = "50%" android:framesCount = "12" android:frameDuration = "100" />
7. string:字符串。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "MapView"> <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <com.google.android.maps.MapView android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "fill_parent" android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g" />
8. fraction:百分数。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable"> <attr name = "visible" /> <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" /> <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" /> <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" /> <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" /> <attr name = "drawable" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <rotate xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID" android:fromDegrees = "0" android:toDegrees = "360" android:pivotX = "200%" android:pivotY = "300%" android:duration = "5000" android:repeatMode = "restart" android:repeatCount = "infinite" />
9. enum:枚举值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="orientation"> <enum name="horizontal" value="0" /> <enum name="vertical" value="1" /> </attr> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation = "vertical" android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "fill_parent" > </LinearLayout>
10. flag:位或运算。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="windowSoftInputMode"> <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" /> <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" /> <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" /> <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" /> <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" /> <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" /> <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" /> <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" /> <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" /> <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" /> </attr> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <activity android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity" android:label = "@string/app_name" android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged | stateHidden"> <intent-filter> <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity>特别要注意: 属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "名称"> <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <ImageView android:layout_width = "42dip" android:layout_height = "42dip" android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00" />
参考鸿洋
例如下面这个例子
1、自定义View的属性,首先在res/values/ 下建立一个attrs.xml , 在里面定义我们的属性和声明我们的整个样式。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <attr name="titleText" format="string" /> <attr name="titleTextColor" format="color" /> <attr name="titleTextSize" format="dimension" /> <declare-styleable name="CustomTitleView"> <attr name="titleText" /> <attr name="titleTextColor" /> <attr name="titleTextSize" /> </declare-styleable> </resources>
我们定义了字体,字体颜色,字体大小3个属性,format是值该属性的取值类型:
然后在布局中声明我们的自定义View
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" xmlns:custom="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.example.customview01" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" > <com.example.customview01.view.CustomTitleView android:layout_width="200dp" android:layout_height="100dp" custom:titleText="3712" custom:titleTextColor="#ff0000" custom:titleTextSize="40sp" /> </RelativeLayout>
一定要引入 xmlns:custom=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.example.customview01”我们的命名空间,后面的包路径指的是项目的package
public CustomTitleView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) { super(context, attrs, defStyle); /** * 获得我们所定义的自定义样式属性 */ TypedArray a = context.getTheme().obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CustomTitleView, defStyle, 0); int n = a.getIndexCount(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int attr = a.getIndex(i); switch (attr) { case R.styleable.CustomTitleView_titleText: mTitleText = a.getString(attr); break; case R.styleable.CustomTitleView_titleTextColor: // 默认颜色设置为黑色 mTitleTextColor = a.getColor(attr, Color.BLACK); break; case R.styleable.CustomTitleView_titleTextSize: // 默认设置为16sp,TypeValue也可以把sp转化为px mTitleTextSize = a.getDimensionPixelSize(attr, (int) TypedValue.applyDimension( TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_SP, 16, getResources().getDisplayMetrics())); break; } } a.recycle();
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