matlab五彩多图案3D烟花

使用matlab制作漂亮的烟花，核心实现在于烟花图式的控制和关于如何控制多支烟花的同时释放。烟花样式的呈现需要经过复杂的数学表达式生成，升级到发射的角度和位移事变公式等，而多支烟花的同时释放难题源于matlab对多线程的不支持，幸运的是，matlab有Timer定时器，这样，我们可以实现单线程的非阻塞式烟花齐放。先上一张烟花爆炸的图形。

程序还支持在爆炸过程中即时随机改变烟花颜色，实现五彩缤纷的效果。

在程序中，我们可以通过滚动条调整RBG动态调整烟花颜色，可以改变烟花爆炸的速度和烟花爆炸后的颗粒数量，此外，还有下落的加速度。在上侧菜单中，我们可以选择不同的爆炸风格图案，背景图片，颜色等。这些都是通过回调函数的触发动态改变。
下面附上程序源码，大家有觉得写得不好的地方或不理解的地方都可以在下面评论讨论。

function yanhuamoban()    clear all;    %定义全局变量    global ah ;%坐标轴句柄    global styleNum ;%爆炸图案样式    global multiColor; %多颜色变换    global color;%烟花颜色    global v0;%烟花爆炸速度    global n; %粒子数量    global g;%粒子重力加速度    %变量初始化开始    multiColor = 0;    styleNum = 3;    color = [1 1 0];    v0 = 250;   %烟花爆炸时的速度    n = 2000;%粒子shumu    g=1000;    %变量初始化结束    %GUI部分开始    fig = figure('units','normalized','position',[0.1 0.1 0.6 0.8],...        'menubar','none','numberTitle','off','Name','烟花欣赏','WindowButtonDownFcn',@yanhua...        );    %菜单    file_menu = uimenu(fig,'Label','文件(&f)');    sub_file_menu1 = uimenu(file_menu,'Label','退出(&q)','CallBack',@file_menu_callback);    style_menu = uimenu(fig,'Label','爆炸风格(&s)');    sub_style_menu1 = uimenu(style_menu,'Label','风格(&1)','CallBack',@style_menu_callback);    sub_style_menu2 = uimenu(style_menu,'Label','风格(&2)','CallBack',@style_menu_callback);    sub_style_menu3 = uimenu(style_menu,'Label','风格(&3)','CallBack',@style_menu_callback);    sub_style_menu4 = uimenu(style_menu,'Label','风格(&4)','CallBack',@style_menu_callback);    sub_style_menu5 = uimenu(style_menu,'Label','风格(&5)','CallBack',@style_menu_callback);    sub_style_menu6 = uimenu(style_menu,'Label','风格(&6)','CallBack',@style_menu_callback);    picture_menu = uimenu(fig,'Label','背景图片(&p)');    sub_picture_menu1 = uimenu(picture_menu,'Label','图片(&1)','CallBack',@picture_menu_callback);    sub_picture_menu2 = uimenu(picture_menu,'Label','图片(&2)','CallBack',@picture_menu_callback);    sub_picture_menu3 = uimenu(picture_menu,'Label','图片(&3)','CallBack',@picture_menu_callback);    sub_picture_menu4 = uimenu(picture_menu,'Label','图片(&4)','CallBack',@picture_menu_callback);    sub_picture_menu5 = uimenu(picture_menu,'Label','图片(&5)','CallBack',@picture_menu_callback);    color_menu = uimenu(fig,'Label','烟花颜色(&c)');    sub_color_menu1 = uimenu(color_menu,'Label','黄色(&1)','CallBack',@color_menu_callback);    sub_color_menu2 = uimenu(color_menu,'Label','紫红色(&2)','CallBack',@color_menu_callback);    sub_color_menu3 = uimenu(color_menu,'Label','青色(&3)','CallBack',@color_menu_callback);    sub_color_menu4 = uimenu(color_menu,'Label','红色(&4)','CallBack',@color_menu_callback);    sub_color_menu5 = uimenu(color_menu,'Label','绿色(&5)','CallBack',@color_menu_callback);    sub_color_menu6 = uimenu(color_menu,'Label','蓝色(&6)','CallBack',@color_menu_callback);    sub_color_menu7 = uimenu(color_menu,'Label','白色(&7)','CallBack',@color_menu_callback);    sub_color_menu8 = uimenu(color_menu,'Label','五彩变换(&8)','CallBack',@color_menu_callback);    %按钮面板    color_button_group = uibuttongroup(fig,'Title','颜色调节面板','Position',[0.83,0.55,0.16,0.44]);    speed_button_group = uibuttongroup(fig,'Title',regexprep('速度调节面板(num)','num',num2str(v0)),'Position',[0.83,0.36,0.16,0.185],'Tag','speed_panel');    number_button_group = uibuttongroup(fig,'Title',regexprep('数量调节面板(num)','num',num2str(n)),'Position',[0.83,0.005,0.16,0.35],'Tag','ammount_panel');    %颜色微调滑动条    red_slider = uicontrol(fig,'Style','slider','String','red','Position',[695,450,25,140],'Min',0,'Max',1,'Value',1,'backgroundColor',[1,0,0],'CallBack',@slider_callback);    green_slider = uicontrol(fig,'Style','slider','String','green','Position',[735,450,25,140],'Min',0,'Max',1,'Value',1,'backgroundColor',[0,0,1],'CallBack',@slider_callback);    blue_slider = uicontrol(fig,'Style','slider','String','blue','Position',[775,450,25,140],'Min',0,'Max',1,'Value',0,'backgroundColor',[0,1,0],'CallBack',@slider_callback);    %颜色参数静态文本    color_text = uicontrol(fig,'Style','text','Position',[690,395,115,50],'Tag','color_text',...        'String',char('red=1','blue=1','green=0'),'backgroundColor',[1,0.95,0.87],'FontSize',10,'HorizontalAlignment','left');    %颜色演示面板    color_panel = uipanel(fig,'Title','颜色演示面板','BackgroundColor',color,'Units','pixels','Position',[690,345,115,40]);    %修改速度按钮    fast_button = uicontrol(fig,'Style','pushbutton','Position',[700,280,100,40],'FontSize',10,'String','加快','CallBack',@button_callback);    slow_button = uicontrol(fig,'Style','pushbutton','Position',[700,230,100,40],'FontSize',10,'String','减慢','CallBack',@button_callback);    %修改数量按钮    increase_button = uicontrol(fig,'Style','pushbutton','Position',[700,160,100,40],'FontSize',10,'String','增多','CallBack',@button_callback);    decrease_button = uicontrol(fig,'Style','pushbutton','Position',[700,110,100,40],'FontSize',10,'String','减少','CallBack',@button_callback);    modNum_button = uicontrol(fig,'Style','pushbutton','Position',[700,60,100,40],'FontSize',10,'String','手动调整数量','CallBack',@button_callback);    modG_button = uicontrol(fig,'Style','pushbutton','Position',[700,10,100,40],'FontSize',10,'String','手动调整加速度','CallBack',@button_callback);    axes('DrawMode','fast','position',[0,0,0.8,1]);    II=imread('back4.jpg');    image(II)    ah = axes('DrawMode','fast','Color','none','position',[0,0,0.8,1]);    axis([-200 420 1 410])%设置坐标轴的范围    grid off    %GUI部分结束    hold on    %烟花主控函数，每次点击鼠标按钮监听器都会调用此函数。    function yanhua(src,event)        cp = get(ah,'CurrentPoint'); % 得到点击点的坐标        xt = cp(1,1);yt = cp(1,2);        if(xt < 420)%若点击在按钮面板则不放烟花            launch(xt,yt)%烟花发射函数        end    endend  %主函数调用结束%colormap(hot)%烟花发射函数function launch(xt,yt)    x=xt;    y=0;    H=plot(x,y,'w.');      %以白色,点来绘制图像。    set(H,'EraseMode','xor','MarkerSize',25)%擦除式绘图，通过在极短的时间里不断绘制新点坐标，擦出旧点坐标来实现烟花向上发射的运动效果    T = timer('TimerFcn',@timer_display1,'StopFcn',@stopFcn1,'TasksToExecute',50,'Period',0.005,'ExecutionMode','fixedSpacing');%非阻塞式定时器，以0.005秒为间隔调用TimerFcn，共调用50次。调用玩后会启动StopFcn函数，进行清尾工作，如清楚发射点图像，初始化烟花爆炸的定时器等。而烟花发射的运动，就是通过在这50次的重复调用中，不断更新点的坐标来实现的。    T.userData = {H,xt,yt,1};%定时器对象的属性。在定时函数里使用。定时器函数是不变的，但在重复调用中要实现点坐标的改变，就要通过改变定时器对象的对象属性才行。    %为什么要用对象属性而不是函数内定义的局部变量？因为局部变量在每次函数调用完毕就会被销毁，不能实现类似于静态变量的效果在下次重复调用中生效。那为什么不适用全局变量？因为全局变量是共用的，我的定时器A能用，定时器B也能用，A修改了这个变量，B中也生效了，这就有“线程安全性”问题了。    start(T);%启动定时器endfunction timer_display1(obj,event)    userData = obj.userData;%获取对象数据    H = userData{1};    x = userData{2};    yt = userData{3};    i = userData{4};    y=i/50*yt;%执行50次，就到了鼠标点击位置，预备爆炸了。这个运动模型可以结合实际的物理模型做进一步优化，感兴趣的同学不妨试试。    set(H,'XData',x,'YData',y)%更新烟花坐标    drawnow;%重画页面，使烟花"H"出现在新位置    i=i+1;%这是控制烟花位移的关键    obj.userData = {H,x,yt,i};%更新对象数据，再下次重复调用时再取出使用endfunction stopFcn1(obj,event)%定时器1完成了它的50次调用使命，使烟花（点）到达爆炸处（鼠标位置），这个烟花（点)在这里被消除，然后开始了烟花爆炸的定时器初始化、启动工作    global n;    global color;    userData = obj.userData;    H = userData{1}    xt = userData{2};    yt = userData{3};    x=-20;y=-20;    set(H,'XData',x,'YData',y);    %上述程序使得烟花到达鼠标的位置后消失在视野内    %*************烟花的爆炸过程        x=zeros(n,1);%爆炸后的颗粒数为n    y=zeros(n,1);    h=plot(x,y,'.');%烟花爆炸后的形状    set(h,'Color',color);    set(h,'erasemode','xor','MarkerSize',5)    T = timer('TimerFcn',@timer_display2,'StopFcn',@stopFcn2,'TasksToExecute',40,'Period',0.05,'ExecutionMode','fixedSpacing');    T.userData = {h,xt,yt,0};    start(T);endfunction timer_display2(obj,event)    global n v0 styleNum multiColor g;    userData = obj.userData;    h = userData{1};    x0 = userData{2};    y0 = userData{3};    t = userData{4};    theta=rand(n,1)*2*pi;%粒子的仰角    fy=rand(n,1)*2*pi;%粒子的方位角    theta1=round(12*rand(n,1))/6*pi;    for i=1:n %绘制粒子下落过程，        switch(styleNum)%图案判定,通过菜单修改全局变量控制            case 1                x(i)=2*v0*cos(fy(i))*cos(theta(i)+t*pi)*t+x0;                y(i)=1.2*v0*cos(fy(i))*sin(theta(i)+i*pi)*t-g*t.^2+y0;            case 2                if(mod(theta(i),0.4*pi)<=0.1*pi)                    x(i)=2*v0*cos(fy(i))*cos(theta(i)-4*t*pi)*t+x0;                    y(i)=1.2*v0*cos(fy(i))*sin(theta(i)-4*t*pi)*t-g*t.^2+y0;                else                     x(i)=(mod(theta(i),0.4*pi)*2.5/pi+0.4)*2*v0*cos(fy(i))*cos(theta(i)-4*t*pi)*t+x0;                    y(i)=(mod(theta(i),0.4*pi)*2.5/pi+0.4)*1.2*v0*cos(fy(i))*sin(theta(i)-4*t*pi)*t-g*t.^2+y0;                end            case 3                x(i)=2*v0*cos(fy(i))*cos(theta(i)+i*t*pi)*t+x0;                y(i)=1.2*v0*cos(fy(i))*sin(theta(i)+i*t*pi)*t-g*t.^2+y0;            case 4                x(i)=0.8*fy(i)/pi*2*v0*cos(fy(i))*cos(theta(i)+i*pi)*t+x0;                y(i)=0.8*fy(i)/pi*(1.2*v0*cos(fy(i))*sin(theta(i)+i*pi)*t-g*t.^2)+y0;            case 5                 x(i)=4*v0*cos(fy(i))*cos(theta1(i))*t+x0;                 y(i)=(4*v0*cos(fy(i))*sin(theta1(i)-cos(fy(i))*cos(theta1(i))*0.3*t*pi)*t-4*t.^2)+y0;            case 6                                       x(i)=v0*cos(fy(i))*cos(theta1(i)+4*t*pi)*t+x0;                y(i)=v0*cos(fy(i))*sin(theta1(i))*t-g*t.^2+y0;                  end    end    set(h,'xdata',x,'ydata',y);    if(multiColor == 1)        set(h,'Color',rand(1,3));    end    drawnow;    t = t + 0.01;    obj.userData = {h,x0,y0,t};endfunction stopFcn2(obj,event)    %下述程序使爆炸的烟花消失    global n;    userData = obj.userData;    h = userData{1};    x=zeros(n,1);    y=zeros(n,1);    set(h,'xdata',x,'ydata',y);end%hObject  eventdata handles%按钮回调函数function button_callback(object,data,handles)    global v0 n g;    switch(object.String)        case '加快'            v0 = v0 + 50;            speed_panel = findobj(gcf,'Tag','speed_panel');            speed_panel.Title = regexprep(speed_panel.Title,'\d*',num2str(v0));%正则表达式替换        case '减慢'            v0 = v0 - 50;            speed_panel = findobj(gcf,'Tag','speed_panel');            speed_panel.Title = regexprep(speed_panel.Title,'\d*',num2str(v0));%正则表达式替换        case '增多'            n = n + 100;            ammount_panel = findobj(gcf,'Tag','ammount_panel');            ammount_panel.Title = regexprep(ammount_panel.Title,'\d*',num2str(n));%正则表达式替换        case '减少'            n = n - 100;            ammount_panel = findobj(gcf,'Tag','ammount_panel');            ammount_panel.Title = regexprep(ammount_panel.Title,'\d*',num2str(n));%正则表达式替换        case '手动调整数量'            ammount_input = inputdlg('请输入爆炸后烟花颗粒的数量','修改烟花数量',1);            num=str2num(ammount_input{1});            if isempty(num)              errordlg('必须输入有效数字','错误');            else                n = num;                ammount_panel = findobj(gcf,'Tag','ammount_panel');                ammount_panel.Title = regexprep(ammount_panel.Title,'\d*',num2str(n));%正则表达式替换            end        case '手动调整加速度'        ammount_input = inputdlg(strcat('请输入爆炸后烟花加速度值,当前值为：',num2str(g)),'修改加速度',1);        num=str2num(ammount_input{1});        if isempty(num)          errordlg('必须输入有效数字','错误');        else            g = num;        end    endend%烟花样式改变菜单function style_menu_callback(object,data,handles)    global styleNum;    number = regexp(object.Label,'\d','match');    styleNum = str2num(number{1});endfunction file_menu_callback(object,data,handles)    switch(object.Label)        case '退出(&q)'            close(gcf);    endendfunction picture_menu_callback(object,data,handles)    global ah;    number = regexp(object.Label,'\d','match');    imageName = strcat(strcat('back',number),'.jpg');    axes('DrawMode','fast','position',[0,0,0.8,1]);    II=imread(imageName{1});    image(II);    ah = axes('DrawMode','fast','Color','none','position',[0,0,0.8,1]);    axis([-200 420 1 410])%设置坐标轴的范围    grid off    hold on;endfunction color_menu_callback(object,data,handles)    global color multiColor;    disp(object.Label);    multiColor = 0;%初始化颜色状态    switch(object.Label)        case '黄色(&1)'            color = [1 1 0];        case '紫红色(&2)'            color = [1 0 1];        case '青色(&3)'            color = [0 1 1];        case '红色(&4)'            color = [1 0 0];        case '绿色(&5)'            color = [0 0 1];        case '蓝色(&6)'            color = [0 1 0];        case '白色(&7)'            color = [1 1 1];        case '五彩变换(&8)'            color = [0 0 0];            multiColor = 1;     end    parseColor(color);endfunction slider_callback(obj,event)    global color ;    red_slider = findobj(gcf,'String','red');    blue_slider = findobj(gcf,'String','blue');    green_slider = findobj(gcf,'String','green');    color = [red_slider.Value,blue_slider.Value,green_slider.Value];    parseColor(color);endfunction[rbgStr] = parseColor(color)    color_text = findobj(gcf,'Tag','color_text');    rbgStr = char(strcat('red=',num2str(color(1))),...        strcat('blue=',num2str(color(2))),...        strcat('green=',num2str(color(3))));    color_text.String = rbgStr;    color_panel = findobj(gcf,'Title','颜色演示面板');    color_panel.BackgroundColor = color;end

可能大家还是不太明白，为什么有了定时器，即时没有多线程也能实现多支烟花同时爆炸呢？我们可以这样想，matlab永远只有一条主线程在跑，现在有3个烟花A,B,C要爆炸，只能让主线程在for循环中不断改变A的位移来控制A运动爆炸，然后再到B,但如果用定时器Ta,Tb来控制，我们可以让主线程控制Ta让烟花A移动一下，然后Ta睡眠0.0.5s，主线程控制Tb让烟花B移动，然后Tb睡眠，Ta调用…Ta，Tb调用间隔极短（短到人眼无法识别），看起来就是Ta,Tb一起让烟花A,B运动爆炸了。