Tomcat集群与Session共享 + Nginx负载

虽然曾经做过，却经常性忘记，特将其记录，以备后续查看。
相关资料：
Linux下Tomcat运行环境搭建详见另一片博文：http://blog.csdn.net/xiadi934/article/details/50911175
Tomcat7.0官方集群文档，具体细节参数请到该处查阅：http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/cluster-howto.html
Linux下搭建Nginx + Tomcat还有问题的请绕过。

思路

1. 使用两台机器，本机（window，IP：192.168.1.108） + 虚拟机（Linux，IP：192.168.25.132）
2. Linux上部署 nginx + tomcat7 + web，Window上部署 ： tomcat7 + web
3. 参考Tomcat官方集群例子, 采用Tomcat本身自带集群与Session共享

实现

• Window上Tomcat下server.xml文件配置，其余配置均不变，只修改以下配置

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat127">    <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8">        <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"          expireSessionsOnShutdown="false" notifyListenersOnReplication="true" />        <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">          <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"            address="228.0.0.4" port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000" /><!--广播地址与端口采用默认-->          <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"            address="192.168.1.108" port="4000" autoBind="100" selectorTimeout="5000"            maxThreads="6" /><!--本机局域网IP，端口默认-->          <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">            <Transport              className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender" />          </Sender>          <Interceptor            className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector" />          <Interceptor            className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor" />        </Channel>        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"          filter="" />        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve" />        <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"          tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/" deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/" watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"          watchEnabled="false" />        <ClusterListener          className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>        <ClusterListener            className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>      </Cluster> ... </Engine>

• Linux上Tomcat下server.xml文件配置，其余配置均不变，加上同上配置

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat132">    <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8">        <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"          expireSessionsOnShutdown="false" notifyListenersOnReplication="true" />        <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">          <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"            address="228.0.0.4" port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000" />          <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"            address="192.168.25.132" port="4000" autoBind="100" selectorTimeout="5000"            maxThreads="6" /><!-- 虚拟机的局域网IP -->            ...      </Cluster> ... </Engine>

• 修改Nginx配置，加入负载均衡

upstream backendServer{       ip_hash; #可选，根据来源IP方式选择web服务器，省略的话按默认的轮循方式选择web服务器    server 127.0.0.1:8080; #虚拟机本机Tomcat    server 192.168.1.108:8080; #Window上Tomcat}server {    #设置监听端口    listen 80;    charset utf-8;    #设置服务器域名(IP访问和多域名访问可不设置)    #server_name _*;    #server_name  www.test.com;    #开启shtml支持    ssi on;    ssi_silent_errors on;    ssi_types text/shtml;    #设置主访问日志    #access_log logs/access.log main;    access_log  /dev/null;    error_page  404                  /404.html;    error_page  500 502 503 504      /50x.html;    location /    {        proxy_pass http://backendServer;        include proxy.conf;    }}

• 修改两个Tomcat下conf/web.xml，尾部加入以下代码

<distributable/> <!-- 允许Session分配 -->

• 加入测试页面，在两个Tomcat/webapps下创建文件夹test，并创建index.jsp，代码如下

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>    <base href="<%=basePath%>">    <title>首页</title>    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">    <!--    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">    -->  </head>  <body>    <p>sessionID：<%=session.getId() %></p>    <p>session创建时间：<%=session.getCreationTime() %></p>    <p>服务器IP：<%=request.getRemoteHost() %></p>  </body></html>

测试

启动两个Tomcat，测试结果如下，则说明配置负载+集群+Session共享成功。
Nginx默认是就近IP访问本机Linux下tomcat，效果图如下

关闭Linux下的tomcat，刷新后，则是访问Window下tomcat

请注意查看Session的创建时间，是一致的说明成功了。