管理oracle 11g RAC

原文链接：http://candon123.blog.51cto.com/704299/336023

1、检查集群状态：

[grid@rac02 ~]$ crsctl check cluster
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online

2、所有 Oracle 实例 —（数据库状态）:

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl status database -d racdb
Instance racdb1 is running on node rac01
Instance racdb2 is running on node rac02

3、检查单个实例状态：

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl status instance -d racdb -i racdb1
Instance racdb1 is running on node rac01

4、节点应用程序状态：

[grid@rac02 ~]$  srvctl status nodeapps
VIP rac01-vip is enabled
VIP rac01-vip is running on node: rac01
VIP rac02-vip is enabled
VIP rac02-vip is running on node: rac02
Network is enabled
Network is running on node: rac01
Network is running on node: rac02
GSD is disabled
GSD is not running on node: rac01
GSD is not running on node: rac02
ONS is enabled
ONS daemon is running on node: rac01
ONS daemon is running on node: rac02
eONS is enabled
eONS daemon is running on node: rac01
eONS daemon is running on node: rac02

5、列出所有的配置数据库：

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl config database
racdb

6、数据库配置：

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl config database -d racdb -a
Database unique name: racdb
Database name: racdb
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +RACDB_DATA/racdb/spfileracdb.ora
Domain: xzxj.edu.cn
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Server pools: racdb
Database instances: racdb1,racdb2
Disk Groups: RACDB_DATA,FRA
Services: 
Database is enabled
Database is administrator managed

7、ASM状态以及ASM配置：

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl status asm
ASM is running on rac01,rac02
[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl config asm -a
ASM home: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
ASM listener: LISTENER
ASM is enabled.

8、TNS监听器状态以及配置：

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl status listener
Listener LISTENER is enabled
Listener LISTENER is running on node(s): rac01,rac02

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl config listener -a
Name: LISTENER
Network: 1, Owner: grid
Home: <CRS home>
  /u01/app/11.2.0/grid on node(s) rac02,rac01
End points: TCP:1521

9、SCAN状态以及配置：

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl status scan
SCAN VIP scan1 is enabled
SCAN VIP scan1 is running on node rac02

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl config scan
SCAN name: rac-scan.xzxj.edu.cn, Network: 1/192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0/eth0
SCAN VIP name: scan1, IP: /rac-scan.xzxj.edu.cn/192.168.1.55

10、VIP各个节点的状态以及配置：

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl status vip -n rac01
VIP rac01-vip is enabled
VIP rac01-vip is running on node: rac01
[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl status vip -n rac02
VIP rac02-vip is enabled
VIP rac02-vip is running on node: rac02
[grid@rac02 ~]$  srvctl config vip -n rac01
VIP exists.:rac01
VIP exists.: /rac01-vip/192.168.1.53/255.255.255.0/eth0
[grid@rac02 ~]$  srvctl config vip -n rac02
VIP exists.:rac02
VIP exists.: /rac02-vip/192.168.1.54/255.255.255.0/eth0

11、节点应用程序配置 —（VIP、GSD、ONS、监听器）

[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl config nodeapps -a -g -s -l
-l option has been deprecated and will be ignored.
VIP exists.:rac01
VIP exists.: /rac01-vip/192.168.1.53/255.255.255.0/eth0
VIP exists.:rac02
VIP exists.: /rac02-vip/192.168.1.54/255.255.255.0/eth0
GSD exists.
ONS daemon exists. Local port 6100, remote port 6200
Name: LISTENER
Network: 1, Owner: grid
Home: <CRS home>
  /u01/app/11.2.0/grid on node(s) rac02,rac01
End points: TCP:1521

12、验证所有集群节点间的时钟同步:

[grid@rac02 ~]$ cluvfy comp clocksync -verbose

Verifying Clock Synchronization across the cluster nodes

Checking if Clusterware is installed on all nodes...
Check of Clusterware install passed

Checking if CTSS Resource is running on all nodes...
Check: CTSS Resource running on all nodes
  Node Name                             Status                  
  ------------------------------------  ------------------------
  rac02                                 passed                  
Result: CTSS resource check passed

Querying CTSS for time offset on all nodes...
Result: Query of CTSS for time offset passed

Check CTSS state started...
Check: CTSS state
  Node Name                             State                   
  ------------------------------------  ------------------------
  rac02                                 Active                  
CTSS is in Active state. Proceeding with check of clock time offsets on all nodes...
Reference Time Offset Limit: 1000.0 msecs
Check: Reference Time Offset
  Node Name     Time Offset               Status                  
  ------------  ------------------------  ------------------------
  rac02         0.0                       passed                 

Time offset is within the specified limits on the following set of nodes: 
"[rac02]" 
Result: Check of clock time offsets passed

Oracle Cluster Time Synchronization Services check passed

Verification of Clock Synchronization across the cluster nodes was successful.

13、集群中所有正在运行的实例 — (SQL):

SELECT inst_id , instance_number inst_no , instance_name inst_name , parallel , status , database_status db_status , active_state state , host_name host FROM gv$instance ORDER BY inst_id;

14、所有数据库文件及它们所在的 ASM 磁盘组 — (SQL):

15、ASM 磁盘卷:

16、启动和停止集群：

以下操作需用root用户执行。

(1)、在本地服务器上停止Oracle Clusterware 系统：

[root@rac01 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crsd' on 'rac01'
CRS-2790: Starting shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'rac01'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on 'rac01'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.CRS.dg' on 'rac01'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.racdb.db' on 'rac01'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.registry.acfs' on 'rac01'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.rac01.vip' on 'rac01'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.rac01.vip' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.rac01.vip' on 'rac02'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.registry.acfs' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.rac01.vip' on 'rac02' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.CRS.dg' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.racdb.db' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.FRA.dg' on 'rac01'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.RACDB_DATA.dg' on 'rac01'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.FRA.dg' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.RACDB_DATA.dg' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'rac01'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ons' on 'rac01'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.eons' on 'rac01'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ons' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.net1.network' on 'rac01'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.net1.network' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.eons' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2792: Shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'rac01' has completed
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crsd' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'rac01'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ctssd' on 'rac01'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'rac01'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'rac01'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ctssd' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssd' on 'rac01'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssd' on 'rac01' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.diskmon' on 'rac01'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.diskmon' on 'rac01' succeeded

注：在运行“crsctl stop cluster”命令之后，如果 Oracle Clusterware 管理的资源中有任何一个还在运行，则整个命令失败。使用 -f 选项无条件地停止所有资源并停止 Oracle Clusterware 系统。

另请注意，可通过指定 -all 选项在集群中所有服务器上停止 Oracle Clusterware 系统。如下所示，在rac01和rac02上停止oracle clusterware系统：

[root@rac02 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster –all

在本地服务器上启动oralce clusterware系统：

[root@rac01 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl start cluster

注：可通过指定 -all 选项在集群中所有服务器上启动 Oracle Clusterware 系统。

[root@rac02 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl start cluster –all

还可以通过列出服务器（各服务器之间以空格分隔）在集群中一个或多个指定的服务器上启动 Oracle Clusterware 系统：

[root@rac01 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl start cluster -n rac01 rac02

使用 SRVCTL 启动/停止所有实例:

[oracle@rac01 ~]#srvctl stop database -d racdb

[oracle@rac01 ~]#srvctl start database -d racdb 

 

安装的后置任务：

1．官方建议的两个安装后置任务

(1) 备份 root.sh 脚本

官方建议在完成安装后要备份root.sh脚本文件。如果在Oracle Home目录中又安装其它的产品，安装时OUI会升级已存在的root.sh文件。如果需要root.sh内的原始信息，就可以在备份中找到。

cd $ORACLE_HOME;cp root.sh root.sh.bak

(2)重新编译无效对象

运行 utlrp.sql 脚本立即重新编译所有无效的 PL/SQL 程序包，而不是在首次访问它们时再重新编译。这是个可选步骤，但建议您选择该步骤。

[oracle@racnode1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL&gt; @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql2.

在 RAC 环境中启用存档日志

(1)、以 oracle 用户身份登录到一个节点（即 racnode1），通过在当前实例中将 cluster_database 设置为 FALSE 来禁用集群实例参数：

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL&gt; alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile sid='racdb1';

System altered.

(2)、以 oracle 用户身份关闭所有 访问集群化数据库的实例：

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d racdb

(3)、使用本地实例，挂载数据库：

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Nov 21 19:26:47 2009 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance.

SQL&gt; startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes

Fixed Size 2213896 bytes

Variable Size 1073743864 bytes

Database Buffers 570425344 bytes

Redo Buffers 7135232 bytes

(4)、启用存档功能：

SQL&gt; alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

(5)、通过在当前实例中将实例参数 cluster_database 修改为 TRUE，重新启用对集群的支持：

SQL&gt; alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile sid='racdb1';

System altered.

(6)、关闭本地实例：

SQL&gt; shutdown immediate

ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

(7)、以 oracle 帐户身份使用 srvctl 命令重启所有实例：

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ srvctl start database -d racdb

(8)、登录到本地实例，验证存档日志模式已启用：

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Nov 21 19:33:38 2009 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL&gt; archive log list

Database log mode Archive Mode

Automatic archival Enabled

Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

 Oldest online log sequence 69

Next log sequence to archive 70

Current log sequence 703

在两个RAC节点都备份spfile初始化参数文件:创建一个备份目录：

[oracle@rac02 ~]$ mkdir $ORACLE_HOME/spfile_bak

[oracle@rac02 ~]$ sqlplus “/as sysdba”