JAVA实现最简单的双向链表、队列与栈(内部使用链表形式存储)

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链表很灵活,长度不固定,分散存储弥补了数组长度固定的不足。链表有单链表,双向链表,循环链表

我就写了个双向链表,实现了一些简单功能~

队列和栈可以用链表的形式和数组的形式实现,两者的区别在于前者的存储空间是分散的,后者是连续并且固定的。

一、实现双向链表

/**
 * @author linqh0806
 * @param <U>
 */
public class DoubleLinkedList<U> {

public static class Node<T> {

private Node<T> pre;

private Node<T> next;

private T val;

public Node() {

this.val = null;

this.pre = null;

this.next = null;

}

public Node(T val, Node<T> pre, Node<T> next) {

this.val = val;

this.pre = pre;

this.next = next;

}

}

private Node<U> nil;

private int size;

private Node<U> head;

public DoubleLinkedList() {

this.size = 0;

this.nil = new Node();

nil.next = nil;

nil.pre = nil; // 保证链表安全,在初始化链表为空时,插入数据不会报空指针错误

}

/**

* 在链表头插入数据

* @param val

*/

public void insert(U val) {

Node<U> newNode = new Node<U>();

newNode.val = val;

newNode.next = nil.next;

newNode.pre = nil;

nil.next.pre = newNode;

nil.next = newNode;

size++;

}

/**

* 删除链表中的node

* @param node

* @return

*/

public boolean delete(Node<U> node) {

Node<U> head = null;

head = nil;

while (head.next != nil) {

if (head.next.val == node.val) {

Node<U> nodetodelete = head.next; //将要删除的节点。这里很重要,如果使用node.next或者next.pre将造成空指针

                                                           //因为node是我们自己放进去的,他并不是在链表中的node

head.next = nodetodelete.next;    

nodetodelete.next.pre = head;

nodetodelete=null;

size--;

return true;

}else

head=head.next;

}

return false;

}

// 正向输出链表

public void traverse() {

Node head = nil;

while (head.next != nil) {

System.out.println(head.next.val);

head = head.next;

}

}

//反向输出

public void reversOutput(){

Stack<U> stack=new Stack<U>();

Node head=nil;

while(head.next!=nil){

stack.push((U) head.next.val);

head=head.next;

}

while(!stack.empty()){

System.out.println(stack.pop());

}

}

public static void main(String[] args){

DoubleLinkedList<Character> doubleLinkedList=new DoubleLinkedList<>();

for(int i=48;i<60;i++){

doubleLinkedList.insert((char)i);

}

doubleLinkedList.delete(new Node<Character>('5',null,null));

doubleLinkedList.traverse();

System.out.println("-==-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-");

doubleLinkedList.reversOutput(); //测试反向输出

}

}


二、实现链式队列

public class Queue<T> {

/**

 * 内部类,定义结点结构。

 * @author linqh0806

 * @param <U>

 */

class Node<U> {

U val;

Node<U> next;

Node() {

this.val = null;

this.next = null;

}

public Node(U val, Node<U> next) {

this.val = val;

this.next = next;

}

}

private int size;//声音队列的长度

Node<T> front;//指向队列的头引用

Node<T> rear;//指向队列末尾的引用


public Queue() {

Node<T> p = new Node<T>();

p.val = null;

p.next = null;

front = rear = p; //很重要,开始时将指向队列头尾的引用指向同一个结点。不然后面进队,出队会报空指针异常。

size = 0;

}

public void enqueue(T val) {

// Node<T> s = new Node<T>(val, null);

Node<T> s = new Node<T>();

s.val = val;

s.next = null;

rear.next = s;  //新加入的结点放在末尾的后一位

rear = s; //将末尾引用指向新加入的结点

size++;

}

public T dequeue() {

if (size == 0)

return null;

else {

size--;

Node<T> p = front.next;  //取出头结点,一开始头结点是空的,在构造函数初始化里面头尾引用指向一个空结点。因此第一个结点的front.next

front.next = p.next;

if (rear == p) {        //相当于回到初始状态

rear = front;

}

}



return p.val;

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

String str = "Happy Weekend We are family";

Queue<String> queue = new Queue<String>();

for (String s : str.split(" ")) {

queue.enqueue(s);

}

while (queue.size > 0) {

System.out.println(queue.dequeue());

}

}

}

运行结果如下(先进先出FIFO):

Happy

Weekend
We
are
family


三、实现链式栈

public class LinkedStack<T> {

public static class Node<U> {

private U val;

private Node<U> next;

Node() {

this.val = null;

this.next = null;

}

Node(U val, Node<U> next) {

this.val = val;

this.next = next;

}

boolean isEnd() {return this.next == null && this.val == null;}

}

public Node<T> top = new Node<>();

public void push(T val) {

top = new Node(val, top);

}

public T pop() {

if (top.isEnd())

return null;

else {

T val = top.val;

top = top.next;

return val;

}

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

String str = "Happy Weekend We are family";

LinkedStack<String> linkedStack = new LinkedStack<String>();

for (String s : str.split(" ")) {

linkedStack.push(s);

}

while (!linkedStack.top.isEnd()) {

System.out.println(linkedStack.pop());

}

}

}

运行结果如下(先进后出FILO):

family

are
We
Weekend
Happy

代码比较简单,部分给出了说明,欢迎交流讨论~

写的不好的地方欢迎指出 (怎么调行间距,知道的求指导~)


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