fragment
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Fragment
还是先来基本介绍。
Fragment –> 片段。
在Android3.0的时候被引入，它的出现主要是给大屏幕设备提供更加灵活的UI支持。通过对Activity布局进行分片，更加方便的对每块进行独立控制。这些片段可以被不同的activity复用。
fragment生命周期
每个fragment拥有自己的生命周期，但是fragment要依赖于activity存在，生命周期受到包括它的activity的生命周期控制。
来两张神图~~
左图就是fragment的生命周期图。右图是fragment与activity各自生命周期的对照。
介绍一下常用的几个生命周期函数：
onAttach(Context) –> 当fragment被绑定到activity上时回调
onCreate(Bundle) –> 当fragment对象创建的时候回调，一般在此方法里做参数接收。
onCreateView(LayoutInflater, ViewGroup, Bundle) –> 创建fragment视图时回调
onDestoryView –> 视图销毁时回调
onDestory –> 销毁fragment时回调
onDetech() –> fragment与activity失去关联时回调
fragment的使用
使用fragment可以当成一个控件，直接放到activity布局文件里；也可以在代码里面动态的添加、更新或者删除。
下面的activity布局文件中定义了一个fragment和一个frameLayout。使用标签可以称之为静态的Fragment，在activity创建的时候也会去创建并显示它，而framelayout是一个容器，我们在代码中可以动态的添加一个fragment进去。
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">LinearLayout</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:tools</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/tools"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:orientation</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"horizontal"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">tools:context</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">".fragments.ArticleActivity"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--headlines--></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">fragment</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@+id/headline_fragment"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.jacksen.demo.view.fragments.HeadlinesFragment"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"0dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_weight</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"1"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">tools:layout</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@layout/fragment_item_list"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--article--></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">FrameLayout</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@+id/article_frame_layout"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"0dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_weight</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"2"</span> /></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">LinearLayout</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"></ul>
注意：
使用标签显示Fragment的时候，需要对这个fragment设置一个id或者tag，否则会出现”Error inflating class fragment”错误。
<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">Caused <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">by</span>: java<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>lang<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>IllegalArgumentException: Binary <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">XML</span> file line <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">#10</span>: Must specify unique android:id, android:<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">tag</span>, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">or</span> have a <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">parent</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">with</span> an id for com<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>jacksen<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>demo<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>view<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>fragments<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>HeadlinesFragment</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
Fragment的子类继承的时候，如果你的minSdkVersion <= 11，需要引入V4包，然后倒入android.support.v4.app.Fragment包。如果是大于11，
直接导入android.app.Fragment包即可。
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.jacksen.demo.view.fragments;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.content.Context;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.Bundle;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.support.v4.app.Fragment;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.util.Log;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.view.LayoutInflater;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.view.View;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.view.ViewGroup;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> com.jacksen.demo.view.R;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> com.jacksen.demo.view.fragments.dummy.ArticleBean;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> com.jacksen.demo.view.fragments.dummy.ArticleBean.ArticleItem;<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HeadlinesFragment</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Fragment</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String ARG_COLUMN_COUNT = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"column-count"</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> mColumnCount = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> OnChangeArticleListener mListener; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">HeadlinesFragment</span>() { } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> HeadlinesFragment <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">newInstance</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> columnCount) { HeadlinesFragment fragment = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HeadlinesFragment(); Bundle args = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Bundle(); args.putInt(ARG_COLUMN_COUNT, columnCount); fragment.setArguments(args); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> fragment; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onAttach</span>(Context context) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onAttach(context); Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"HeadlinesFragment"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onAttach"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (context <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">instanceof</span> OnChangeArticleListener) { mListener = (OnChangeArticleListener) context; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> RuntimeException(context.toString() + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" must implement OnChangeArticleListener"</span>); } } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"HeadlinesFragment"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCreate"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (getArguments() != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { mColumnCount = getArguments().getInt(ARG_COLUMN_COUNT); } } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreateView</span>(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"HeadlinesFragment"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCreateView"</span>); View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_item_list, container, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Set the adapter</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (view <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">instanceof</span> RecyclerView) { Context context = view.getContext(); RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) view; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mColumnCount <= <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) { recyclerView.setLayoutManager(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> LinearLayoutManager(context)); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> { recyclerView.setLayoutManager(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> GridLayoutManager(context, mColumnCount)); } recyclerView.setAdapter(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HeadlinesRecyclerViewAdapter(ArticleBean.ITEMS, mListener)); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> view; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDetach</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onDetach(); Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"HeadlinesFragment"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onDetach"</span>); mListener = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">OnChangeArticleListener</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> onChangeArticle(ArticleItem item); }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">76</li></ul>动态的添加fragment就需要在代码里面通过FragmentManager等类进行操作：
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">frameLayout = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.id</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.article</span>_frame_layout)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>articleFragment = ArticleFragment<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.newInstance</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>fragmentManager<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.beginTransaction</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.replace</span>(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.id</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.article</span>_frame_layout, articleFragment)<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.commit</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code>
Fragment的事务管理
android里通过FragmentManager类进行管理fragment，一组对fragment的操作（添加、删除、替换等）称为一个事务，通过FragmentTransaction类来提交执行。也可以把事务添加到回退栈中，进行回滚。这有点类似于数据库的事务机制。
注意：
事物操作最后必须调用commit()才能执行。
调用commit()方法之后，也不是立刻执行；如果需要立刻执行，可以使用executePendingTransactions()方法。
一次性add多个fragment，显示的是最后一个。
任务栈回退针对的是事务，而不是fragment。一次事务操作过程中可以有很多个对fragment的操作。
只能在activity处于可保存状态的情况下，进行事务操作。否则引发如下异常：
<code class="hljs erlang has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">java.lang.<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">IllegalStateException</span>: <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Can</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">not</span> perform this action <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">after</span> on<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">SaveInstanceState</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
比如，在onPause()或者onStop()中提交事务，就会出现以上问题，如果非要在这些生命周期里面进行事务提交，请使用FragmentTransaction类的commitAllowingStateLoss()方法，允许状态丢失。
- 如果activity继承的是AppCompatActivity，onBackPressed()回调函数里面是利用的V4包的getSupportFragmentManager()进行的栈回退，所以做fragment回退的时候需要注意引用的是不是V4包的Fragment类。
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Take care of popping the fragment back stack or finishing the activity * as appropriate. */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onBackPressed</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mFragments.getSupportFragmentManager().popBackStackImmediate()) { supportFinishAfterTransition(); } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li></li></ul>Fragment之间的切换
Fragment的切换就是基本就是利用add()、hide()、show()、replace()这四个方法。
情况一：采用add方式切换fragment
activity：
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">@Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.onCreate</span>(savedInstanceState)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> setContentView(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.layout</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.activity</span>_test_fragments2)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> ButterKnife<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.bind</span>(this)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> TabFragment1 tabFragment1 = TabFragment1<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.newInstance</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> fragmentManager<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.beginTransaction</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.add</span>(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.id</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.test</span>_fragments_layout, tabFragment1)<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.addToBackStack</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tab1"</span>)<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.commit</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>TabFragment1代码：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreateView</span>(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment1"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCreateView"</span>); View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tab_fragment1, container, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); ButterKnife.bind(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, view); openNextBtn.setOnClickListener(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> View.OnClickListener() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(View v) { FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager(); TabFragment2 tabFragment2 = TabFragment2.newInstance(); fragmentManager.beginTransaction().add(R.id.test_fragments_layout, tabFragment2).addToBackStack(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>).commit(); } }); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> view; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>TabFragment2代码：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Tab Fragment 2 */</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">TabFragment2</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Fragment</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TabFragment2</span>() { } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> TabFragment2 <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">newInstance</span>() { TabFragment2 fragment = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TabFragment2(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> fragment; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onAttach</span>(Context context) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onAttach(context); Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment2"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onAttach"</span>); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment2"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCreate"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (getArguments() != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { } } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreateView</span>(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment2"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCreateView"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tab_fragment2, container, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDestroyView</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onDestroyView(); Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment2"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onDestroyView"</span>); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDestroy</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onDestroy(); Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment2"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onDestroy"</span>); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDetach</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onDetach(); Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment2"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onDetach"</span>); }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li></ul>此时都是采用add的方式进行显示fragment。每次都会把添加fragment的事务叠加到回退栈上面。
在TabFragment1界面点击按钮添加TabFragment2界面，然后在按返回键回退，打印出生命周期如下：
情况二：采用replace的方式切换fragment
activity代码不变。
TabFragment1的代码如下：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreateView</span>(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment1"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCreateView"</span>); View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tab_fragment1, container, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); ButterKnife.bind(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, view); openNextBtn.setOnClickListener(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> View.OnClickListener() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(View v) { FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager(); TabFragment2 tabFragment2 = TabFragment2.newInstance(); fragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.test_fragments_layout, tabFragment2).addToBackStack(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>).commit(); } }); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> view; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>TabFragment1切换到TabFragment2的时候，使用的replace方法。replace方法的作用是remove掉所有添加到相同id的容器里的fragment，然后添加参数里的fragment。所以会回调TabFragment1的onDestoryView()方法，等到从TabFragment2返回的时候，去执行replace事务的相反操作，也就会重新创建TabFragment1的视图，回调onCreateView()方法。
remove：
我们在TabFragment2界面中调用remove方法，把TabFragment1移除掉。
TabFragment1.java:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreateView</span>(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment1"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCreateView"</span>); View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tab_fragment1, container, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); ButterKnife.bind(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, view); openNextBtn.setOnClickListener(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> View.OnClickListener() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(View v) { FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager(); TabFragment2 tabFragment2 = TabFragment2.newInstance(); fragmentManager.beginTransaction().add(R.id.test_fragments_layout, tabFragment2).addToBackStack(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>).commit(); } }); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> view; }</code>TabFragment2.java:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> onBtnClickListener onBtnClickListener; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TabFragment2</span>() { } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> TabFragment2 <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">newInstance</span>() { TabFragment2 fragment = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TabFragment2(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> fragment; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onAttach</span>(Context context) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onAttach(context); Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment2"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onAttach"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (context <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">instanceof</span> onBtnClickListener){ onBtnClickListener = (TabFragment2.onBtnClickListener) context; }<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span>{ <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> RuntimeException(context.toString() + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" must implement onBtnClickListener"</span>); } } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment2"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCreate"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (getArguments() != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { } } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreateView</span>(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment2"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCreateView"</span>); View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tab_fragment2, container, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); ButterKnife.bind(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, view); removeFragmentBtn.setOnClickListener(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> View.OnClickListener() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(View v) { onBtnClickListener.removeFragment1(); } }); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> view; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">onBtnClickListener</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> removeFragment1(); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li></ul>activity:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">removeFragment1</span>() { fragmentManager.beginTransaction().remove(tabFragment1).commit(); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>从代码里看到，remove操作的事务没有添加到回退栈中，所以从TabFragment2中返回的时候，直接退到了activity界面。
但是从界面来看，从TabFragment2会退到activity之后，再次按返回键并没有退出activity，然后再按返回键的时候才会退出activity。原因就是，虽然remove了TabFragment1，但是只是回调了onDestoryView()方法销毁了视图，此时TabFragment1的对象资源和与activity的关联还没有断开。所以点击返回键的时候会有一个没有“响应”。
下面看看我们把reomve()操作添加到回退栈的情况：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">removeFragment1</span>() { fragmentManager.beginTransaction().remove(tabFragment1).addToBackStack(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"remove"</span>).commit(); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>
与上面的情况相比，多了TabFragment1的onCreateView()这一步。这是因为把remove事务添加到了任务栈，回退的时候逆向执行该操作。
使用replace()方法和remove()方法会导致视图销毁，所以，切换fragment的时候，如果需要视图保留视图，就不能用这两个方法。
Fragment与Activity之间传值
fragment –> activity 99%的做法都是通过接口回调来做的。定义一个接口，activity中实现此接口方法，在fragment里面调用接口方法
activity –> fragment 通过findFragmentById()后者findFragmentByTag()方法获取fragment实例调用fragment里的public方法即可。
接着往下看~~
TabFragment2调用接口方法：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> View <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreateView</span>(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { Log.d(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TabFragment2"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCreateView"</span>); View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tab_fragment2, container, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); ButterKnife.bind(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, view); removeFragmentBtn.setOnClickListener(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> View.OnClickListener() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(View v) { onBtnClickListener.removeFragment1(); } }); tellSthBtn.setOnClickListener(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> View.OnClickListener() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(View v) { onBtnClickListener.tellSth(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"这是我要对你说的话！"</span>); } }); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> view; } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 回调接口 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">onBtnClickListener</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> removeFragment1(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> tellSth(String str); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li></ul>activity实现该接口的方法：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">TestFragments</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AppCompatActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">TabFragment2</span>.<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">onBtnClickListener</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Bind</span>(R.id.test_fragments_layout) FrameLayout testFragmentsLayout; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> FragmentManager fragmentManager; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> TabFragment1 tabFragment1; <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_test_fragments2); ButterKnife.bind(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>); fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager(); tabFragment1 = TabFragment1.newInstance(); fragmentManager.beginTransaction().add(R.id.test_fragments_layout, tabFragment1, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tab1"</span>).addToBackStack(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tab1"</span>).commit(); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onBackPressed</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onBackPressed(); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">removeFragment1</span>() { fragmentManager.beginTransaction().remove(tabFragment1).addToBackStack(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"remove"</span>).commit(); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">tellSth</span>(String str) { ((TabFragment1)fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tab1"</span>)).showSth(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"hello: "</span> + str); }}</code>在TabFragment1中定义方法供activity调用：
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">showSth</span>(String str) { getSthEt.setText(str); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>
Fragment与Fragment传值
activity给fragment传值你回了，fragment给activity传值你也会了。那么这个问题就不要问我了！！！
Fragment切换动画
Fragment的切换动画可以使用系统的标准动画，也可以自定义动画。
使用系统的需要用到setTransition()，但是只能设置系统提供的有限的动画效果。
FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_OPEN
FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_CLOSE
FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_FADE
自定义动画需要用到的类：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Set specific animation resources to run for the fragments that are * entering and exiting in this transaction. These animations will not be * played when popping the back stack. */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">abstract</span> FragmentTransaction <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">setCustomAnimations</span>(@AnimRes <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> enter, @AnimRes <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> exit);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * Set specific animation resources to run for the fragments that are * entering and exiting in this transaction. The <code>popEnter</code> * and <code>popExit</code> animations will be played for enter/exit * operations specifically when popping the back stack. */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">abstract</span> FragmentTransaction <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">setCustomAnimations</span>(@AnimRes <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> enter, @AnimRes <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> exit, @AnimRes <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> popEnter, @AnimRes <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> popExit);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>
注意：
setCustomAnimations()必须在add()、remove()、replace()调用之前设置，否则不起作用。
比如：有两个fragment A和B，从A切换到B的时候
@AnimRes int enter
表示Fragment B的进入动画@AnimRes int exit
表示Fragment A的退出动画@AnimRes int popEnter
表示当从B界面pop回到A时，Fragment A的进入动画@AnimRes int popExit
表示当从B界面pop回到A是，Fragment B的退出动画
如果使用add的方式显示下一个fragment，则只会触发enter 和 popExit动画，因为这种情况下A并没有被移除，只是触发了与B相关的动画。
比如：
从TabFragment1使用add()方式显示TabFragment2：
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>TabFragment2 tabFragment2 = TabFragment2<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.newInstance</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.beginTransaction</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>fragmentTransaction<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setCustomAnimations</span>(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.anim</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.slide</span>_in_from_right, R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.anim</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.slide</span>_out_to_left, R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.anim</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.slide</span>_in_from_top, R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.anim</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.slide</span>_out_to_bottom)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>fragmentTransaction<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.add</span>(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.id</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.test</span>_fragments_layout, tabFragment2, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tab2"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>fragmentTransaction<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.addToBackStack</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tab2"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>fragmentTransaction<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.commit</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
4个动画都是使用的简单的view动画，用属性动画可以做出更加绚丽的动画：
slide_in_from_right.xml
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">translate</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:duration</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"800"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:fromXDelta</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"100.0%"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:interpolator</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@android:interpolator/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:toXDelta</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"0.0"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
slide_out_to_left.xml
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">translate</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:duration</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"800"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:fromXDelta</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"0.0"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:interpolator</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@android:interpolator/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:toXDelta</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"-100%"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
slide_in_from_top.xml
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">translate</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:duration</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"1000"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:fromYDelta</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"-100.0%"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:interpolator</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@android:interpolator/accelerate_decelerate"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:toYDelta</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"0.0"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
slide_out_to_bottom.xml
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">translate</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:duration</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"1000"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:fromYDelta</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"0"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:interpolator</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@android:interpolator/accelerate_decelerate"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:toYDelta</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"100%p"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
效果图：
如果采用的replace的方式，则会正常的触发4个动画。
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>TabFragment2 tabFragment2 = TabFragment2<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.newInstance</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.beginTransaction</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>fragmentTransaction<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setCustomAnimations</span>(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.anim</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.slide</span>_in_from_right, R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.anim</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.slide</span>_out_to_left, R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.anim</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.slide</span>_in_from_top, R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.anim</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.slide</span>_out_to_bottom)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>fragmentTransaction<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.replace</span>(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.id</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.test</span>_fragments_layout, tabFragment2, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tab2"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>fragmentTransaction<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.addToBackStack</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tab2"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>fragmentTransaction<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.commit</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
这里只介绍了setCustomAnimations()的用法，setTransition()方式的动画很简单，就不介绍了。
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