实践--聊天机器人

来源：互联网发布：编程机器人2.0 攻略编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/04/30 14:55

总览

基于图灵机器人接口的聊天机器人的实现
效果如图所示，由于是在模拟器上，我无法输入中文，其实这个是可以实现中文对话的

Step1 界面布局的实现

在每条聊天条目中都包括如下内容，这样在根据消息的类型（收/发）来确定让左边的控件显示还是右边的控件显示

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    >    <LinearLayout        android:id="@+id/linearlyaout_left"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_gravity="left">        <ImageView            android:id="@+id/left_girl"            android:layout_width="50dp"            android:layout_height="50dp"            android:layout_margin="10dp"            android:src="@drawable/girl2"/>        <TextView            android:id="@+id/textView_receive"            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:background="@drawable/left"            android:textColor="#000000"            android:textSize="15dp"            android:text="你好"/>    </LinearLayout>    <LinearLayout        android:id="@+id/linearlyaout_right"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_gravity="right">        <TextView            android:id="@+id/textView_send"            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:background="@drawable/right"            android:textColor="#000000"            android:textSize="15dp"            android:text="你好"/>        <ImageView            android:id="@+id/right_girl"            android:layout_width="50dp"            android:layout_height="50dp"            android:layout_margin="10dp"            android:src="@drawable/girl1"/>    </LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

主界面的布局就通过添加一个listView，一个EditText和一个Button来实现，通过Button的点击事件，来发送消息，更新listView中数据。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical"    android:background="#BFEFFF"    tools:context="com.lingzhuo.onlyrobot.MainActivity">    <ListView        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="0dip"        android:id="@+id/listView"        android:divider="@null"        android:focusable="false"        android:focusableInTouchMode="false"        android:listSelector="#00000000"        android:cacheColorHint="#00000000"        android:layout_weight="1" />    <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content">        <EditText            android:id="@+id/editText"            android:layout_width="0dip"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:layout_weight="1"            />        <Button            android:id="@+id/btn_send"            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:text="Send"/>    </LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

这里写图片描述

这样界面的布局就基本完成了

Step2 图灵机器人接口及代码实现逻辑

聊天功能调用了图灵机器人的接口(http://www.tuling123.com/)
关于接口的使用图灵机器人的官网上面已经讲得很详细了，APIKEY只需要注册一下在个人中心就可以获取到（接口的实现很简单，请自行查阅官网，需要自己登录注册）
图灵机器人官网个人信息中查看自己的API_KEY
我们先新建一个MyMsg消息类，listView中接收的数据类型
此类用来存放消息的内容，id等等；

package com.lingzhuo.onlyrobot;/** * Created by Wang on 2016/3/19. */public class MyMsg {    public static final int TYPR_SENT=0;    public static final int TYPR_RECEIVRD=1;    private String msg;    private int type;    public MyMsg(String msg, int type) {        this.msg = msg;        this.type = type;    }    public String getMsg() {        return msg;    }    public void setMsg(String msg) {        this.msg = msg;    }    public int getType() {        return type;    }    public void setType(int type) {        this.type = type;    }}

由于要用到ListView并且向其中添加自己自定义的条目布局，所以需要自己写一个Adapter适配器，将listView和数据进行适配
复用convertView解决布局文件重复加载的问题
建立ViewHolder类，解决布局文件中重复findViewById方法的调用
通过上面两个的复用，提高ListView的效率

public class MyAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<MyMsg> {    private int item_layout;    public MyAdapter(Context context,int textViewResourceId, List<MyMsg> objects) {        super(context,textViewResourceId, objects);        item_layout=textViewResourceId;    }    @Override    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {        MyMsg myMsg=getItem(position);        View view;        ViewHolder viewHolder;        if (convertView==null){            view= LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(item_layout,null);            viewHolder=new ViewHolder();            viewHolder.textView_receive= (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.textView_receive);            viewHolder.textView_send= (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.textView_send);            viewHolder.leftImageView= (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.left_girl);            viewHolder.rightImageView= (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.right_girl);            viewHolder.leftLinearLayout= (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.linearlyaout_left);            viewHolder.rightLinearLayout= (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.linearlyaout_right);        view.setTag(viewHolder);        }else{            view=convertView;            viewHolder= (ViewHolder) view.getTag();        }        if (MyMsg.TYPR_SENT==myMsg.getType()){            viewHolder.textView_receive.setVisibility(View.GONE);            viewHolder.leftImageView.setVisibility(View.GONE);            viewHolder.textView_send.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);            viewHolder.rightImageView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);            viewHolder.textView_send.setText(myMsg.getMsg());        }else if (MyMsg.TYPR_RECEIVRD==myMsg.getType()){            viewHolder.textView_send.setVisibility(View.GONE);            viewHolder.rightImageView.setVisibility(View.GONE);            viewHolder.textView_receive.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);            viewHolder.leftImageView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);            viewHolder.textView_receive.setText(myMsg.getMsg());        }        return view;    }    class ViewHolder{        TextView textView_receive;        TextView textView_send;        ImageView leftImageView;        ImageView rightImageView;        LinearLayout leftLinearLayout;        LinearLayout rightLinearLayout;    }}

由于主线程中不能进行过于耗时的操作，所以我们在点击SEND按钮的时候，就开启一个新的线程，而在自己开启的线程里面不能更新UI，所以使用了handler将获取到的消息传递给UI线程，在新线程中将消息发送到图灵机器人的接口上，同时更新listView中的信息，并且解析返回的数据，将返回的数据通过handler将获取到的消息传递给UI线程。

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private ListView listView;    private EditText editText;    private Button button;    private List<MyMsg> data = new ArrayList<>();    private MyAdapter adapter;    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_send);        listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView);        editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText);        adapter = new MyAdapter(getApplicationContext(), R.layout.item_layout, data);        listView.setAdapter(adapter);        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                new Thread(new Runnable() {                    @Override                    public void run() {                        String str = editText.getText().toString();                        MyMsg mysendMsg = new MyMsg(str, MyMsg.TYPR_SENT);                        Message sendMessage = new Message();                        sendMessage.obj = mysendMsg;                        sendMessage.what=0;                        handler.sendMessage(sendMessage);                        String responString=getBackMsg(str);                        MyMsg myReceiveMsg = new MyMsg(responString, MyMsg.TYPR_RECEIVRD);                        Message receiveMessage = new Message();                        receiveMessage.obj = myReceiveMsg;                        handler.sendMessage(receiveMessage);                    }                }).start();            }        });    }    private Handler handler = new Handler() {        @Override        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {            MyMsg myMsg= (MyMsg) msg.obj;            if (msg.what==0){                editText.setText("");            }            data.add(myMsg);            scrollMyListViewToBottom();            adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();        }    };    private void scrollMyListViewToBottom() {        listView.post(new Runnable() {            @Override            public void run() {                // Select the last row so it will scroll into view...                listView.setSelection(adapter.getCount() - 1);            }        });    }    public static String getBackMsg(String str){        URL url;        String backString = null;        try {            url = new URL("http://www.tuling123.com/openapi/api");            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();            conn.setRequestMethod("POST");            conn.setConnectTimeout(1000);            conn.setDoOutput(true);            conn.setDoInput(true);            sendMessage(conn,str);            backString=receiveMessage(conn);        } catch (MalformedURLException e1) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e1.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }        return backString;    }    private static void sendMessage(HttpURLConnection conn,String str) {        //图灵机器人官网个人信息中查看自己的API_KEY        String API_KEY = "**************************";        String requestString = "key=" + API_KEY + "&info=" + str;        OutputStream outputStream;        try {            outputStream = conn.getOutputStream();            outputStream.write(requestString.getBytes("UTF-8"));            outputStream.flush();        } catch (IOException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    private static String receiveMessage(HttpURLConnection conn){        BufferedReader reader;        String responseString = "";        String line="";        JSONObject jsonObject=null;        try {            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));            String temp="";            while ((temp = reader.readLine()) != null) {                responseString += temp;            }            jsonObject=new JSONObject(responseString);            line=jsonObject.getString("text");        } catch (IOException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (JSONException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return line;    }}

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