白话Spring(中级篇)---拦截器(上)

来源:互联网 发布:网络博客公司评级 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/18 23:13

[一知半解,就是给自己挖坑]

本文我们来演示SpringMVC中使用的拦截器的配置与使用方法,作为中级篇的内容,我们将不会设计源码解读。有兴趣的读者请参考官方文档及源码进行学习。

准备工作:

a.操作系统:win7 x64

b.开发工具:eclipse mars j2ee版本,maven3.3.2,Spring 4

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.使用maven创建web-app工程interceptor工程,工程具体结构如下:


2.配置pom文件,具体内容如下:【注:此pom文件直接从别的工程复制而来,可能引入了多余的包】

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.java.maven</groupId><artifactId>interceptor</artifactId><packaging>war</packaging><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>interceptor Maven Webapp</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><properties><build.file.encoding>UTF-8</build.file.encoding><cpu.version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</cpu.version><cpu.common.version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</cpu.common.version><jsp.version>2.0</jsp.version><servlet-api.version>6.1.5</servlet-api.version><spring.version>4.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version><mybatis.version>3.3.0</mybatis.version><junit.version>4.5</junit.version><dubbo.version>2.8.4.RELEASE</dubbo.version><zkclient.version>0.1</zkclient.version><zookeeper.version>3.4.6</zookeeper.version><tomcat-jdbc.version>7.0.53</tomcat-jdbc.version><aspectj.version>1.6.11</aspectj.version><jdbc.driver.groupId>org.postgresql</jdbc.driver.groupId><jdbc.driver.artifactId>postgresql</jdbc.driver.artifactId><jdbc.driver.version>9.4-1205-jdbc4</jdbc.driver.version><uap.version>0.9-SNAPSHOT</uap.version><mybatis-spring.version>1.2.3</mybatis-spring.version><shiro.version>1.2.4</shiro.version><commons-codec.version>1.9</commons-codec.version><esapi.version>2.1.0</esapi.version><oauth2.version>1.0.0</oauth2.version><springside.version>4.3.0-RELEASE</springside.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>3.8.1</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>3.0.1</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId><artifactId>json-lib</artifactId><version>2.4</version></dependency><!-- spring --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><!--spring end --><dependency><groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId><version>${aspectj.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId><version>1.7.13</version></dependency></dependencies><build><finalName>interceptor</finalName></build></project>
3.配置web.xml文件,具体内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">    <display-name>Shiro11</display-name>    <welcome-file-list>      <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>    </welcome-file-list>      <filter>    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>    <init-param>    <param-name>encoding</param-name>    <param-value>utf-8</param-value>    </init-param>    </filter>    <filter-mapping>    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>    <url-pattern>*</url-pattern>    </filter-mapping>    <servlet>            <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>            <init-param>                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>                <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>            </init-param>        </servlet>        <servlet-mapping>            <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>        </servlet-mapping> </web-app>  
4.配置spring-mvc.xml文件,具体内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"    xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">    <context:component-scan base-package="interceptor" />    <!-- 视图处理 -->    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>    </bean>   <mvc:interceptors>   <mvc:interceptor>   <mvc:mapping path="/helloworld"/>   <bean class="interceptor.HelloWorldInterceptor"></bean>   </mvc:interceptor>   </mvc:interceptors></beans>

5.创建HelloWorldController.java文件,具体内容如下:

package interceptor;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;/***@author 作者 E-mail:ingo*@version 创建时间:2016年3月29日下午19:03:31*类说明*/@Controller@RequestMapping(value="helloworld")public class HelloWorldController {@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)public ModelAndView sayHello(String fname,String lname){System.out.println("hello");ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();System.out.println("fname:"+fname);System.out.println("lname:"+lname);mv.setViewName("/hello");return mv;}}

6.创建index.jsp,hello.jsp,具体内容如下:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>login</title></head><body>    <form action="helloworld" method="post">  <p>First name: <input type="text" name="fname" /></p>  <p>Last name: <input type="text" name="lname" /></p>  <input type="submit" value="Submit" /></form></body></html>


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"      pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  <html>  <head>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  <title>Insert title here</title>  </head>  <body>  helloworld </body>  </html>  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

准备工作完了,重头戏来了,各位看官请睁大眼睛!!!

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7.创建HelloWorldInterceptor.java文件,具体内容如下:

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;    import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;  import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;    public class  HelloWorldInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {          /**      * preHandle方法是进行处理器拦截用的,顾名思义,该方法将在Controller处理之前进行调用,SpringMVC中的Interceptor拦截器是链式的,可以同时存在      * 多个Interceptor,然后SpringMVC会根据声明的前后顺序一个接一个的执行,而且所有的Interceptor中的preHandle方法都会在      * Controller方法调用之前调用。SpringMVC的这种Interceptor链式结构也是可以进行中断的,这种中断方式是令preHandle的返      * 回值为false,当preHandle的返回值为false的时候整个请求就结束了。      */      @Override      public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,              HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {          System.out.println("preHandle");        return true;      }            /**      * 这个方法只会在当前这个Interceptor的preHandle方法返回值为true的时候才会执行。postHandle是进行处理器拦截用的,它的执行时间是在处理器进行处理之      * 后,也就是在Controller的方法调用之后执行,但是它会在DispatcherServlet进行视图的渲染之前执行,也就是说在这个方法中你可以对ModelAndView进行操      * 作。这个方法的链式结构跟正常访问的方向是相反的,也就是说先声明的Interceptor拦截器该方法反而会后调用,这跟Struts2里面的拦截器的执行过程有点像,      * 只是Struts2里面的intercept方法中要手动的调用ActionInvocation的invoke方法,Struts2中调用ActionInvocation的invoke方法就是调用下一个Interceptor      * 或者是调用action,然后要在Interceptor之前调用的内容都写在调用invoke之前,要在Interceptor之后调用的内容都写在调用invoke方法之后。      */      @Override      public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,              HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,              ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub            System.out.println("postHandle");    }        /**      * 该方法也是需要当前对应的Interceptor的preHandle方法的返回值为true时才会执行。该方法将在整个请求完成之后,也就是DispatcherServlet渲染了视图执行,      * 这个方法的主要作用是用于清理资源的,当然这个方法也只能在当前这个Interceptor的preHandle方法的返回值为true时才会执行。      */      @Override      public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,              HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)      throws Exception {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub            System.out.println("afterCompletion");    }        }  


8.测试方法:部署项目到tomcat,在浏览器中输入localhost/interceptor/helloworld观察控制台,浏览器界面变化。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

至此,白话Spring(中级篇)---拦截器(上)结束


参考资料:

spring官方文档

其他博文:http://haohaoxuexi.iteye.com/blog/1750680

0 0