数据库的备份和恢复

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关系型数据库（22）

作者同类文章X

备份与恢复
1. 备份策略
2. 操作系统级备份：
让数据库脱机
USE master
GO
ALTER DATABASE [MySQLServer]
    SET OFFLINE
GO

让数据库联机
USE master
GO
ALTER DATABASE [MySQLServer]
    SET ONLINE
GO



3. 数据库全备份
BACKUP DATABASE [MySQLServer]
  TO  DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'
  WITH  DESCRIPTION = N'2008-03-11',
  NOFORMAT, INIT,  
  NAME = N'MySQLServer-Full Database Backup',
  SKIP, NOREWIND, NOUNLOAD,  STATS = 10
GO
declare @backupSetId as int
select @backupSetId = position
  from msdb..backupset
  where database_name=N'MySQLServer'
    and backup_set_id=
      (select max(backup_set_id) from msdb..backupset where database_name=N'MySQLServer' )

if @backupSetId is null
begin
  raiserror(N'Verify failed. Backup information for database ''MySQLServer'' not found.', 16, 1)
end

RESTORE VERIFYONLY
  FROM  DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'
  WITH  FILE = @backupSetId,  NOUNLOAD,  NOREWIND
GO


4. 数据库增量备份

BACKUP DATABASE [MySQLServer]
  TO  DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'
  WITH  DIFFERENTIAL , NOFORMAT, NOINIT,  
  NAME = N'MySQLServer-Differential Database Backup',
  SKIP, NOREWIND, NOUNLOAD,  STATS = 10
GO

declare @backupSetId as int
select @backupSetId = position from msdb..backupset where database_name=N'MySQLServer' and backup_set_id=(select max(backup_set_id) from msdb..backupset where database_name=N'MySQLServer' )
if @backupSetId is null begin raiserror(N'Verify failed. Backup information for database ''MySQLServer'' not found.', 16, 1) end
RESTORE VERIFYONLY FROM  DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak' WITH  FILE = @backupSetId,  NOUNLOAD,  NOREWIND
GO



5. 事务日志备份

BACKUP LOG [MySQLServer]
  TO  DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'
  WITH NOFORMAT, NOINIT,  NAME = N'MySQLServer-Transaction Log  Backup',
  SKIP, NOREWIND, NOUNLOAD,  STATS = 10
GO



6. 数据库恢复：
RESTORE DATABASE [MySQLServer]
  FROM  DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'
  WITH  FILE = 6,  NOUNLOAD,  STATS = 10
GO



RESTORE DATABASE [MySQLServer]
  FROM  DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'
  WITH  RESTRICTED_USER,  FILE = 6,  
    MOVE N'MySQLServer_PRI01' TO N'E:MySQL_PRI01.mdf',  
    MOVE N'MySQLServer_log' TO N'E:MySQL2_Log.ldf',  
    MOVE N'MySQLServer_SEC01' TO N'E:MySQL2_SEC01.ndf',  
    MOVE N'MySQLServer_SEC02' TO N'E:MySQL2_SEC02.ndf',  
  KEEP_REPLICATION,  NOUNLOAD,  REPLACE,  STATS = 10
GO

7. 分离与附加
例：数据库分离：
USE [master]
GO
EXEC master.dbo.sp_detach_db @dbname = N'MySQLServer', @keepfulltextindexfile=N'true'
GO


例：数据库附加：
CREATE DATABASE MySQLServer2
ON ( FILENAME = 'C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQLDataMySQLServer2.MDF' )
FOR ATTACH
GO