nginx

nginx的信号控制

ITEM,INT

Quick shutdown

QUIT

Graceful shutdown 优雅的关闭进程,即等请求结束后再关闭

HUP

Configuration reload ,Start the new worker processes with
a new configuration Gracefully shutdown the old worker processes
改变配置文件,平滑的重读配置文件

USR1

Reopen the log files 重读日志,在日志按月/日分割时有用

USR2

Upgrade Executable on the fly 平滑的升级

WINCH

Gracefully shutdown the worker processes 优雅关闭旧的进程(配合USR2来进行升级)

nginx配置段

//全局区work_processes 1;           //有一个工作的子进程，一般设置为CPU数*核数Event{                      //配置nginx连接特性    work_connections 1024;  //一个子进程最大允许1024个连接}http{    server{                 //虚拟主机段        listen 80;          //监听端口        server_name a.com;  //监听域名        location{            root html;      //根目录定位            index index.html;        }    }}

日志轮替

#!/bin/bashLOGPATH =/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.logBASEPATH=/usr/local/nginx/data/$(date -d yesterday +%Y%m)mkdir -p $(BASEPATH)bak=$BASEPATH/$(date -d yesterday +%d%H%M).access.logmv $LOGPATH $baktouch $LOGPATHkill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`

location

location =/                             //精准匹配location  /                             //普通匹配location ~                             //正则匹配

rewrite

location /ecshop {index index.php;rewrite goods-([\d]+)\.html$ /ecshop/goods.php?id=$1;rewrite article-([\d]+)\.html$ /ecshop/article.php?id=$1;rewrite category-(\d+)-b(\d+)\.html /ecshop/category.php?id=$1&brand=$2;// 注意:用url重写时, 正则里如果有”{}”,正则要用双引号包起来}

nginx+php的编译

// apache一般是把php当做自己的一个模块来启动的.//而nginx则是把http请求变量(如get,user_agent等)转发给 php进程,即php独立进程,与nginx进行通信. 称为 fastcgi运行方式//注意: 我们编译的PHP 要有如下功能://连接mysql, gd, ttf, 以fpm(fascgi)方式运行./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/fastphp \--with-mysql=mysqlnd \--enable-mysqlnd \--with-gd \--enable-gd-native-ttf \--enable-gd-jis-conv \--enable-fpmcp /usr/local/src/php/php.ini-development ./lib/php.inicp etc/php-fpm.conf.default  etc/php-fpm.conf

gzip配置常用参数

gzip on|off                 //gzip_buffers 32 4K | 16 8K  //缓冲(压缩在内存中缓冲几块? 每块多大?)gzip_comp_level[1-9]        //级别越高,压的越小,越浪费CPU计算资源gzip_disable                //正则匹配UA 什么样的Uri不进行gzipgzip_min_length 200         // 开始压缩的最小长度(再小就不要压缩了)gzip_http_version 1.0|1.1   //开始压缩的http协议版本gzip_proxied                //设置请求者代理服务器,该如何缓存内容gzip_types text/plain  application/xml  //对哪些类型的文件用压缩 如txt,xml,html ,cssgzip_vary on|off            //是否传输gzip压缩标志

反向代理

location ~ \.php${        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr    proxy_pass http://192.168.1.1:8080;//把请求的PHP文件代理到Apache服务器。    //修改httpd.conf。allowoverride all引入extra/httpd-vhosts.conf    //修改extra/httpd-vhosts.conf。指定根目录，服务器名，端口}

负载均衡

server {}
server {}
upstream servername{
server 192.168.1.1:81 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=3;
server 192.168.1.1:82 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=3;
}
location ~* .(jpg|jpeg|gif|png){
proxy_pass http://servername;
}

memcache

//安装memcache扩展cd memcache/usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --wit-hphp-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install//把扩展添加到php.ini里vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.iniextension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/memcache.so//重启PHPlocation \ {    set $memcached_key "$uri";    memcached_pass 127.0.0.1:11211;    error_page 404 /callback.php;}