Flask学习笔记（一）

一、学习资源

Flask官方doc地址：<a target=_blank href="http://docs.jinkan.org/docs/flask/">http://docs.jinkan.org/docs/flask/</a>

PDF书籍：<span style="font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(35, 31, 32);"><span style="font-size:10px;">Flask Web</span><span style="font-family: HYb1gj;"><span style="font-size:10px;">开发</span><span style="font-family: SimHei;"><span style="font-size:10px;">：</span><span style="font-family: HYb1gj;"><span style="font-size:10px;">基于</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="font-size:10px;">Python</span><span style="font-family: HYb1gj;"><span style="font-size:10px;">的</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="font-size:10px;">Web<span style="font-family: HYb1gj;">应用开发实战.pdf（已下载）</span></span><span style="font-size: 26pt; text-align: -webkit-auto;"><br style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; widows: 2;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(35, 31, 32);"><span style="font-family: HYb1gj;"><span style="font-family: SimHei;"><span style="font-family: HYb1gj;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="font-family: HYb1gj;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="font-size:10px;"><span style="font-family: HYb1gj;">二、环境准备：</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">（一）安装python（已支持python3.5），并加入环境变量</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">（二）安装flask框架（</span><span style="color: rgb(62, 67, 73); font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.3em; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">pip install Flask</span></span><span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">）</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">三、建立网站文件夹目录结构</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">一个初期的网站一般有如下的目录结构：</span>

<pre name="code" class="python"><span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">/mysite</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">    /app</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">        /static</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">            /ccs</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">            /img</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">            /js</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">        /templates</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">        __init__.py</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">        views.py</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">        forms.py</span><span style="color: rgb(35, 31, 32); font-family: HYb1gj; font-size: 10px;">      </span>

<span style="color: rgb(35, 31, 32); font-family: HYb1gj; font-size: 10px;">    /tmp</span>

<span style="font-family: HYb1gj; font-size: 10px; color: rgb(35, 31, 32);">    /config.py</span>

<span style="font-family:HYb1gj;font-size:10px;color:#231f20;">    /run.py</span>

其中mysite为网站存放目录，app为具体某个站点的目录，tmp以后可能会用到，config.py写入一些网站配置以方便日后更换网站配置，run.py为启动文件。

static放置静态资源文件，templates放置模板html文件。

/app下的views.py文件定义路由，将各个html文件和路由地址映射起来；forms.py定义将要用到的form表单。

四、举例说明各py文件

（一）run.py

</pre><p>from app import app #由于我们在app文件夹下放置了一个__init__.py文件，因此可以很方便地importapp.run(host='10.2.109.22',port=5000) #host<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">默认为</span><span style="color: rgb(62, 67, 73); font-family: Consolas, Menlo, 'Deja Vu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.3em; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);">127.0.0.1，这里指定</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">为本机局域网IP，以便在局域网中可以访问；端口默认为5000，也可以根据需要修改；</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:10px;">也可以使用<span class="n" style="line-height: 1.3em;">app</span><span class="o" style="line-height: 1.3em; color: rgb(88, 40, 0);">.</span><span class="n" style="line-height: 1.3em;">run</span><span class="p" style="line-height: 1.3em;">(</span><span class="n" style="line-height: 1.3em;">debug</span><span class="o" style="line-height: 1.3em; color: rgb(88, 40, 0);">=</span><span class="bp" style="line-height: 1.3em; color: rgb(52, 101, 164);">True</span></span><span class="p" style="line-height: 1.3em;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:10px;">)来使用debug模式，<span style="color: rgb(62, 67, 73); line-height: 23.8px;">如果你启用了调试支持，服务器会在代码修改后自动重新载入，并在发生错误时提供一个相当有用的调试器，但安全性不好，不能用于真正的生产环境。</span></span></span></p><p><span class="p" style="line-height: 1.3em;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:10px;"><span style="color: rgb(62, 67, 73); line-height: 23.8px;"></span></span></span></p>

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