Spring 入门配置实例

从登陆模块介绍spring最简单的配置

1、web.xml中配置主控servlet和servlet-mapping,如下：

<servlet><servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>

2、web.xml中配置需要加载的spring配置文件，如applicationContext.xml(项目简单的情况下，单个配置文件就够了)或其它名字（多个用逗号分隔），如下：

<context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath*:*-beans.xml</param-value></context-param>

3、spring mvc默认拥有一个spring的配置文件，即<servlet-name>-servlet.xml，会自动与其它配置文件进行拼装加载。在该文件中，需要配置扫描及试图解析器，如下：

<context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.web" >    </context:component-scan><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>    </bean>

4、web.xml中配置负责启动spring容器的监听器，如下：

<listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener>

spring容器的启动和关闭由Web容器的启动和关闭事件触发，所以设置监听器以监听。ContextLoaderListener继承自ServletContextListener

5、声明@Controller，@RequestMapping类处理请求，并返回login.jsp页面，如下：

@Controllerpublic class HelloController {@RequestMapping(value = "/index.html")public String loginPage() {return "login";}}

6、输入用户名/密码后进行登陆，处理过程需要业务层对用户名和密码进行校验是否存在数据库中，所以在业务层内部还需要与持久层进行交互。如果验证不成功，则返回登陆页面，提示错误。如果验证成功，则获取用户信息，设置最后访问的ip，访问时间，新增登陆积分，并更新到数据库中，此处也需要与持久层交互。

7、建立领域对象User和LoginLog，前者代表用户信息，后者代表日志信息，分别对应数据表t_user，t_login_log。领域对象一般需要实现serializable接口。

8、根据MVC模型特点，一般在控制器类中注入业务层类，如UserService；而在UserService类中注入DAO类与数据库进行交互。

9、首先定义与数据库交互的DAO层，如UserDao。它提供根据用户名和密码进行数据库查询校验的方法，根据用户名获取User领域对象的方法，更新信息到数据库的方法等。如下：

@Repositorypublic class UserDao{@Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;public int getMatchCount(String userName, String password){String sql = "select count(*) from t_user where user_name = ? and password = ? ";return jdbcTemplate.queryForInt(sql, new Object[]{userName, password};}//todo 其它方法}

在spring配置文件中配置扫描、数据源及其它Bean

10、定义业务层UserService，如下：

@Servicepublic class UserService{    @AutoWired    private UserDao userDao;    ....}

同样需要在spring配置文件中配置扫描的包及事务管理器，其它命名空间。

11、单元测试

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations={"/applicationContext.xml"})//启动spring容器public class TestUserService{    @Autowired    private UserService userService;//注入spring容器中的Bean        @Test    public void hasMatchUser(){        boolean b1 = userService.func();        assertTrue(...)    }}

12、配置实例：

（1）web.xml:

<web-app version="2.4"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2eehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"><filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><display-name>xxx</display-name><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath*:*-beans.xml</param-value></context-param><!--log4j--><context-param><param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value></context-param><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class></listener><!--log4j--><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><servlet><servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value></init-param>        <init-param>            <param-name>detectAllHandlerExceptionResolvers</param-name><!-- 取消其自动注册的异常解析器 -->            <param-value>false</param-value>        </init-param>        <init-param>            <param-name>throwExceptionIfNoHandlerFound</param-name>            <param-value>true</param-value>        </init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>default</servlet-name><url-pattern>/assets/*</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>    <!-- druid start-->    <filter>        <filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>        <filter-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter</filter-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>exclusions</param-name>            <param-value>*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*</param-value>        </init-param>        <init-param>            <param-name>sessionStatMaxCount</param-name>            <param-value>1000</param-value>        </init-param>        <init-param>            <param-name>principalCookieName</param-name>            <param-value>__bigdata</param-value>        </init-param>        <init-param>            <param-name>profileEnable</param-name>            <param-value>true</param-value>        </init-param>    </filter>    <filter-mapping>        <filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    </filter-mapping>    <servlet>        <servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <!-- 允许清空统计数据 -->            <param-name>resetEnable</param-name>            <param-value>true</param-value>        </init-param>        <init-param>            <param-name>loginUsername</param-name>            <param-value>root</param-value>        </init-param>        <init-param>            <param-name>loginPassword</param-name>            <param-value>rootpass</param-value>        </init-param>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/druid/*</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping>    <!-- druid end--><session-config><session-timeout>43200</session-timeout></session-config></web-app>

（2）servlet-name-servlet.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">    <!--声明使用注解 -->    <context:annotation-config />    <!--自动注册controller -->    <context:component-scan base-package="xxx.controller" >        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>        <context:exclude-filter  type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/>    </context:component-scan>    <mvc:annotation-driven />    <mvc:interceptors>        <bean class="xxx.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"/>        <bean class="xxx.interceptor.XXXInterceptor"/>    </mvc:interceptors>    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>    </bean>    <bean id="druid-stat-interceptor" class="com.alibaba.druid.support.spring.stat.DruidStatInterceptor" />    <bean id="druid-stat-pointcut" class="org.springframework.aop.support.JdkRegexpMethodPointcut" scope="prototype">        <property name="patterns">            <list>                <value>xxx.web.service.*</value>                <value>xxx.web.controller.*</value>            </list>        </property>    </bean>    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>    <bean class="xxx.web.common.LogAspect" />    <aop:config proxy-target-class="true">        <aop:advisor advice-ref="druid-stat-interceptor" pointcut-ref="druid-stat-pointcut" />    </aop:config>    <!-- SpringMVC上传文件时，需要配置MultipartResolver处理器 -->    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="102400" />        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="102400" />    </bean></beans>

（3）other-beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">    <!-- enable autowire -->    <context:annotation-config />    <!-- enable transaction demarcation with annotations -->    <tx:annotation-driven/>    <bean id="messageConverters" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" />    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">        <property name="messageConverters" ref="messageConverters">        </property>    </bean>    <bean id="handlerExceptionResolver" class="xxx.web.common.AnnotationHandlerMethodExceptionResolver">        <property name="defaultErrorView" value="common/500"/><!-- 错误页面 -->        <property name="defaultNotFoundView" value="common/404"/><!-- 404页面 -->        <property name="messageConverters" ref="messageConverters"/>    </bean>    <bean id="springQtzJobMethod" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">        <property name="targetObject">            <bean class="xxx.web.common.MetricsJob">                <property name="metricsService" ref="metricsService"/>            </bean>        </property>        <property name="targetMethod" value="execute"/>    </bean>    <bean id="dailyTaskCronTriggerBean" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">        <property name="jobDetail" ref="springQtzJobMethod"></property>        <!-- 每隔两分钟触发   -->        <property name="cronExpression" value="0 */5 * * * ?"></property>    </bean>    <bean id="SpringJobSchedulerFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">        <property name="triggers">            <list>                <ref bean="dailyTaskCronTriggerBean"/>            </list>        </property>    </bean></beans>

okay!!!