The business enterprise information system and the management information system development trend

The business enterprise information system and the management information system development trend

Summary: Carried on the contrast analysis to the traditional management information system structure and the business enterprise new management information system structure of the business enterprise, point out adopting the Intranet technique is the inevitable trend of the information system,the management information system, and points out the Intranet still needs the research the solution definitely of problem.

Since 80's in 20 centuries, the management information system is fly to soon develop, its structure is several through the variety, developping customer's machine/server method(the C/S method) through the document server method(the W/S method) from the earliest host method, the function of the system also compares to greatly change into, but did not by the root resolve the MIS development and application in the existent problem: The customer interface style is different, use complicated, the customer train work have great capacity, the disadvantage applies in the fast expansion; The system supports the inconvenience, the function expands the difficulty greatly, getting stripe the difficulty; Can't and permit already systematic, result in repeat the investment; The system does not open, only can carry out the data share in the system inner part;system development complications, develop the period long,invest greatly, living the life period short. Expect the global trade after 90's gradual formation, market competition gradually vigorous, business enterprise management the system variety turn worse, in addition it account and calculate the machine software and hardware develop quickly, more play the brief situation of the system life cycle, the system that even have has not yet throw in application and then have already been eliminate.

BE exactly because the traditional management information system has the above-mentioned shortage, it has already obviously can'ted adapt the information for ages the business enterprise to continuously increase the long various need to the information, the traditional management information system seem to be to have already walked to the historical end, emerging with the tide of the times according to the internal network Intranet of the Internet the technical new management letter interest system-business enterprise. This text carries on the contrast analysis of the synopsis to the internal net Intranet of the traditional management information system and business enterprise, the elucidation manages the information system to change of inevitable and the Intranet needs the problem for resolve.

The Intranet concept,the information structure and characteristics

What Intranet point is the internal network of the business enterprise or organization that adopts the Internet technique establishment, is according to the internal information management and switching infrastructure of the TCP/IP network communication agreement,the Web technique of the Internet and the business enterprise of the equipments structure, to provide 1 to open of, distribute of,the double of the dynamic state to the multi-media information exchanges environment. The Intranet not only only is a kind of net technique,s ands Intranets but also represents the information service method that it provide, it can provide with the WWW,E-mail,FTP,Telnet etc. service of the Internet homology, so can also say the Intranet is the Internet of a business enterprise or an organization inner part.

The Intranet adopted the B/S structure, namely B/W/D structure. This kind of system structure will apply the logic from customer's machine the separation to come out, moving to them in the center the layer-Web the application the server up, the customer's on board has the operate system,network agreement software and in general usely browses the machine software, becoming real thin customer's machine, The Web applied server is responsible for the processing application logic, concretely speaking be accept the customer to carry of take the  claim, then reflect to shoot to carry out the CGI database to connect a people's procedure or the ISAPI database to connect a people's procedure according to this claim, the data science and engineering makes then from the database server implement, the database server software carries on the database operation, Being again connected a people's procedure or the ISAPI database by the CGI database to connect a people's procedure will carry out the result to hand over to the Web server, is finally delivered the form that as a result convert into the browser to can accept by the Web server to output for the browser manifestation. On the network server the gearing contain the network operate system of the support TCP/IP,the HTTP network agreement, such as the Windows NT, and WWW procedure,

Therefore, it is become and can provide according to Internet the TCP/IP network a 讯 agreement,the Web technique and the equipments structure the Web information service and the database interview etc. is other the business enterprise of the services of internal net 络 .The customer carries the browser sketch customer interface at the customer up the single shot sketch or the writing, can expediently complete various functions of the information search,the data processing and business enterprise management.

The development process and characteristics of the tradition management information system。

The traditional management information system development experienced three stages:2 square type(the Workstation/File Server) of the work stations/documents server of one host/terminal method(Host)3 customer the machine/server method(Client/Server).

The host/terminal method has the certain advantage in the credibility,safety...etc., but because the data processing work is all undertake by host, the negative lotus is overweight, as a result the movement speed is obviously low in the single machine system; The data can share in this system, the system too closes;the host needs the adoption greatly, in,small scaled calculator, the expensive investment of the equipments is huge, and overlay the noodles small. After microcomputer appear on market, the management information system very quickly adopt the area network technique in the bureau, this is because it invest small, overlaying the noodles can amount to several thousand meters, can carry out the data share in the network inner part.

  The area net in the inception bureau takes the work station/document server as its basic work method, under the W/S method, need the processed data from take the  machine to pass the network to deliver by document to the work station, put paid to from the applied procedure of the work station, and will handle the data document of empress to was send back by network again in the server, the server logarithms according to take into the management by document. The W/S method obviously exists two problems: the 1 datas delivers mutually between the work station and the server by document, this burden that doubtless aggravated the network. 2 data processings are mainly carry out by work station, the server have the assistance of the management data document function, the exterior of only equal to customer's machine of the function of the server saves to establish to have, its resources did not get the full exploitation。Customer's machine/server(C/S) structure is a foundation in the work station/document server(W/S) structure to develop of, the C/S knot 构 and the W/S structure regardless constitute in the network hardware up,the network 拓朴 up, still correspond by letter to connect to the all basic homology, your biggest differentiation only manages the method in the data up handle the way with the data up. In the C/S system, logarithms according to of the management has already get stripe for the database method; But number according to processing then from application procedure of customer's machine carries the part(call the stage procedure) to carry the part(call the backstage procedure) to together complete with the server, whenever the customer demand serve, sending out the claim from the stage procedure, the start backstage procedure implement data handle, and as a result send back processing to work station, the work make station to have already no longer circulated the whole applied procedure, its position became"customer's machine" from the work station. Aim at the above-mentioned dissimilarity, the people still call network work station within the W/S system to work station, the network server is called the document server, but is called network work station within the C/S system to a machine, the network server is called the database server.

  Along with the area net in the bureau technical of increasingly mature with the widespread usage of the customer sketch interface, the C/S structure of 90's got the extensive application in manage the information system, the server adopted the big and medium-sized calculator or super and tiny machine, the data processing is carry out by the server of the high performance, the pole the earth raised the data the processing the efficiency. Server logarithms add according to of the management also gets stripe to database from the document method the method, what to deliver is not the whole piece any more according to the document, but record between the server and customer's machine, thus and consumedly lowering the data on the network discharge, economizing a letter bandwidth, and raise the data processing speed. Therefore, the management information system of the adoption C/S structure compared the whole function of the management letter interest system of adopt the W/S structure to biggest raise.

The Intranet will become the information system and the management information system to mainly set up the form

Customer's machine/server method(the C/S method), make the function of manage the information system compared to improve greatly, but have no to by the root solve to definitely manage the information system in the existent problem: Its pplied procedure cuts up into the customer to carry the part and server to carry the part, these two partseses are 11 rightnesses of should,order to order of, the system development, then want to develop the stage procedure, and then want to develop to should of backstage procedure, the system development is complicated, developping the period long, investment big; Two C/S its stage procedure of the layer structures not only need to complete the work of the customer interface, but and but also need to complete the processing work of the applied logic, cause the creation of"fatty customer's machine", adopt although three layer C/S structure can make"fatty customer's machine""thin" some, the development,management,the maintenance work of the system did not obviously improve, a those irregularities that the beginning elaborate of this text still save at.

  Beginning from the Intranet for 1994 years is an end last a century of and then an information revolution was a further application of the Internet technique, was the inevitable outcome of the information technique development.The business enterprise faces the market competition and challenge of the vehemence, in order to strengthen the business enterprise inner part and cooperate the colleague and the contact of of the market, the internal information that accelerates the business enterprise circulates with the exaltation work efficiency, is the problem that each one greatly wins the business enterprise and have to hard consider. Adopt the Intranet development IS or MIS has the 1 developments to compare easily, developping the period short, the expenses is low 2 the usages are simple, the easy to expansion is applied 4 support JIAN3 DAN, easy to expand and get stripe 5 have the ability of the cross-platform operation, can well make use of the existing equipments and system, protect to have already had already invest the 6 systemses to open, the benefit shares to integrate with system in the information. Positive because the Intranet has the above-mentioned characteristics, it necessarily will replace the traditional C/S structure, becoming for the information system and managing the information system to mainly set up the form.To 1997, there are already 2/3 of the big business enterprises in the United States build up the Intranet management information system.In the last few years the Intranet development is more fast fierce, become popular the world, is connect by various each kind of business enterprise and section to be subjected to.

MIS adopts the necessariness of Intranet technology

The Intranet is the demand that the business enterprise internationalizes the development

  Will soon enter to trade the globalization at present for ages, a success greatly wins the business enterprise necessarily the business enterprise group or multinational company that the development becomes to more internationalize, its employee usually scatters to be engaged in in the world-wide locations since independent and then related work, of the employee and business enterprise has to usually keep the closely direct contact, various relevant data that in time and accurately acquires the instruction and business enterprise inner part of business enterprise for the purpose of employee, the business enterprise also can completely and in time collect the information of the world-wide locations, managing and making policy with the assistance business enterprise, this is the business enterprise information to manage modern most basic request. The traditional tele-communications facilities of the adoption, such as the telephone,fax,fax...etc., then regardless on the quality, in the efficiency, still wait until the aspect in the safe confidentiality,credibility, the request that already can't satisfy the information for ages;the traditional business enterprise management information system mostly adopts the area net in the bureau, overlay the ability contain limit, if want to overlay the world, although can constuct the appropriative wide area network , regardless in investing the expenses and still manage and support up, all generally and greatly in business enterprise is hard to undertake; The global information net that directly makes use of the public Internet releases the information,the transmission data, its safety keeps secret sex again the hard assurance.Therefore, adopt the internal information exchanges that the Intranet carries out the business enterprise, will be the best choice.

The Intranet is the demand that carries out the electronic commerce

Facing intense market competition and challenge, enterprise reduces trade cost for strengthening the competitive ability of enterprise self and must enlarge the channel of trade flow, therefore, enterprise must replace traditional business activity with E-business. Makes use of the Intranet and Extranet to carry on the electronic commerce activity in the business enterprise and the that match to make the colleague,trading partner, can consumedly ease the complexity of trade the operation and shorten the bargain time, and biggest lower the bargain cost. Make use of the Intranet and Extranet carries out the electronic commerce activity to want to make use of the EDI implement electronic commerce to live to move than the simplicity more economic, more valid.

The Intranet is the demand that the intelligence turns to construct the information terrace construction

The intelligence building has already been think the century construct, the intelligence turns the building and necessarily will become the main current that this century constructs the development.The small area information even pedestal construction of the residence is the important contents that the residence intelligence turns to constuct to win. Make use of the internal network of the small area that sets up the residence of the Intranet technique set, since can guarantee the small area thing industry manages the automation and the realization that transacts to automate the function, can make the general inhabitants all can expediently obtain the small area inner part and the exterior information of the residence again, giving the city the residents construct a more convenient and comfortable living environment, and significantly lower the related expenses.

The Intranet still needs the problem and the solution for resolve

Although the Intranet is iner many respect than the traditional C/S system to have the bigger advantage, in the current technique level aspect, compare with the familiar C/S system to still have some problem to need to be treat to further resolve with the exaltation.

The dynamic state hands over with each other

The Intranet adopted the B/W/D mode, namely the B/S mode, the Web technique is its core technique, but the Web technique mainly positions on the net this use of release the information up, the HTML language not hands over with each other sex for the Web main characteristic towards handing over the with each other sexual support less, so static state with.Static state's expressing for its page generally is to in advance write okay, not the dynamic state is born of;not hand over with each other sex performance to generally used for in the Web to obtain the information from the server, only a little amount information is return by the browser to the server, although the HTML can put forward the some claimses through the one-way Web server of the watch, the HTML language basically the nonsupport customer and Web apply the procedure to hand over with each other, this from come to a decision in the HTML language characteristic.Therefore, if want to have to hand over the management information system of the characteristic according to the Intranet development with each other, necessarily the beard resolves the dynamic state of the good Web page born hand over the problem with the information with each other.

  Resolve the dynamic state hands over with each other the problem, can support public net pass' connect a people CGI(the Common Gateway Interface) through a development should use the procedure, or pass the applied procedure that the development support information service application procedure picks up a people ISAPI(the Information Server Application Programming Interface) to resolve, these applied procedures can adopt the VB,C++,JAVA etc. plait distance work is have to develop. Public net pass' picking up a people CGI is of the applied procedure and the Web server connects the standard, a CGI procedure can actually the HTML document that produce the dynamic state, it can according to the need exportation dynamic state information of the customer, be information within the database server the data source outward provides the service, thus serving Web to serve knot with database to put together. The ISAPI is the applied procedure of the IIS server of the Microsoft development to connect, the IIS also supports the CGI. The CGI applies the procedure for each application, will start a duplicate of that procedure to halt to stay in the server memory, being several customer claim to visit, the memory will take up excessive, the system expense compares greatly. And then the ISAPI application procedure is different, it is the application procedure use of the dynamic state conjunction the procedure DLLs(the Dynamic Like Libraries) halts to stay in the memory, thus can use the memory to respond to the claim of several customers in the same of procedure, lowering the system expense, and circulating the speed also quicker than the CGI application distance preface 3~500%.The development exists many latent difficulties according to the applied procedure of the Web API, so the Microsoft company,the Netscape companieses all developped to connect a people's tool with the database for own Web API, the Microsoft develop of connect a people's procedure to call the IDC(the Internet Database Connector, the Internet database conjunction machine), support from the IIS.Customer as long as in browser ascend click the net page of.the idc document, then can carry out to hand over to the database with each other the dynamic state interview.

  The ASP(the Active Server Pages, the dynamic state web page) is the conation that the Microsoft company releases on the Web server IIS3.0,IIS4.0 to replace the CGI new technique.The pass it can compare the CGI to more and expediently establish and circulate the interactive dynamic state web page, ASP can also for the convenience of using the ADO(the Active Data Object, a kind of new data interview model of the Microsoft) to expediently visit the database.

Is similar to the IDC procedure with the CGI procedure, the ASP procedure is also a movement to carry in the server, so it has nothing to do with browser, the customer carry as long as use the browser that can carry out the HTML, then can browse the web page contents that the ASP design. Therefore as the popularization of Windows NT is applied , ASP must become the best option of structure Intranet.

The Intranet requests the system to have the more dependable safety

Although the Intranet can pass to adopt to encrypt,attestation,proxy server,fire wall etc. measure to prevent°from come from the attack of the system inner part and the system outside department, to guarantee the safety of the internal information system of the network, for the sake of make system have the dependable safety, carries out the research of the project to the distribute type environment system backup in response to the enlargement, in order to prevent at system drive the accident break recover the system.