C++实现栈

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1.栈

定义：栈是只允许末端进行插入和删除的线性表，具有先进后出或先进后出的特性

栈用数组实现较好，因为它只在尾上进行操作，进行增删比较方便。

1.栈

<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;font-size:18px;">#pragma once//栈具有后进先出的原则，template<class T>class Stack{public://构造函数Stack():_a(NULL), _top(0), _capcity(0){}//析构函数~Stack(){Clear();}//pushvoid PushBack(const T& x){//1.先检查容量 2.向数据中插入新数据 3.++_topCheckCapcity();_a[_top++] = x;}//popvoid PopBack(){if (_top == 0){cout << "NULL" << endl;;return;  //记得加这句，不然停不下来，越界访问,有bug}else--_top;}//sizeint Size(){return _top;}//emptybool Empty(){return _top == 0;}//topT& Top(){return _a[_top-1];}void Print(){for (int i = 0; i < _top; i++){cout << _a[i] << " ";}cout << endl;}protected:void CheckCapcity(){if (_top == _capcity){//扩充的是_capcity，所以只改变_capcity，其他的不用动_capcity = _capcity * 2 + 3;T* tmp = new T[_capcity]; //重新开辟空间for (int i = 0; i < _top; i++){tmp[i] = _a[i];  //将数据都拷贝到新空间中}delete[] _a; //释放原空间，_a = tmp;            //然后指针重新指向新空间}}void Clear(){if (_a!=NULL){delete[] _a;_top = 0;_capcity = 0;}}protected:T* _a;  //栈底层封装数组，利用数组实现栈，这样做就可以限制只在尾上做处理size_t _top;//指向最上面的元素，相当关于以前数组的的sizesize_t _capcity;//当前栈的总容量};</span>

测试用例：

<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;font-size:18px;">#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1#include<iostream>using namespace std;#include"Stack.h"//Test Pushvoid Test1(){Stack<int> s1;s1.Push(1);s1.Push(2);s1.Push(3);s1.Push(4);s1.Push(5);while (!s1.Empty()){cout << s1.Top() << endl;s1.Pop();}}//Test Popvoid Test2(){Stack<int> s1;s1.Push(1);s1.Push(2);s1.Push(3);s1.Push(4);s1.Push(5);s1.Pop();s1.Pop();s1.Pop();s1.Pop();s1.Pop();s1.Pop();s1.Pop();while (!s1.Empty()){cout << s1.Top() << endl;s1.Pop();}}//Test  size()void Test3(){Stack<int> s1;s1.Push(1);cout << s1.size() << endl;s1.Push(2);cout << s1.size() << endl;s1.Push(3);cout << s1.size() << endl;s1.Push(4);cout << s1.size() << endl;s1.Push(5);cout << s1.size() << endl;}//test emptyvoid Test4(){Stack<int> s1;s1.Push(1);s1.Push(2);s1.Pop();s1.Pop();cout << s1.Empty() << endl;}//testvoid Test5(){Stack<int> s1;s1.Push(1);cout<<s1.Top()<<endl;s1.Push(2);cout << s1.Top() << endl;s1.Push(3);cout << s1.Top() << endl;s1.Push(4);cout << s1.Top() << endl;s1.Push(5);cout << s1.Top() << endl;}int main(){//Test1();//Test2();//Test3();//Test4();Test5();system("pause");return 0;}</span>

如有不正确的地方，希望能够指出，一起学习，谢谢了。

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