栈-Min Stack(实现一个栈,用常数级时间找出栈中的最小值)

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问题描述:

Design a stack that supports push, pop, top, and retrieving the minimum element in constant time.

  • push(x) -- Push element x onto stack.
  • pop() -- Removes the element on top of the stack.
  • top() -- Get the top element.
  • getMin() -- Retrieve the minimum element in the stack.

思考:

常数级时间,也就是每次使用一个方法时不要遍历栈,否则就是o(N)级时间了(线性,倾斜直线),top(),pop(),push()操作本身就是常数级操作,所以这里只考虑找出最小值,具体方法为,使用一个栈(最小栈)(数组实现,访问栈顶常数级时间o(N))来累加最小值,这样最小栈的栈顶到栈首是最小值累加的集合。

代码(java):

class MinStack {ArrayList<Integer> stack = new ArrayList<Integer>();ArrayList<Integer> minstack = new ArrayList<Integer>();//入栈public void push(int x) {stack.add(x);if(minstack.size()==0){minstack.add(x);}else{if(minstack.get(minstack.size()-1) >= x){//维持最小栈的最小值,也是栈的最小值minstack.add(x);}}}//出栈public void pop() {if(!stack.isEmpty()){int element = stack.remove(stack.size()-1);if(element ==  minstack.get(minstack.size()-1)){minstack.remove(minstack.size()-1);}}}//返回栈顶元素public int top() {if(stack.size() ==0){return -1;}else{return stack.get(stack.size()-1);}}//返回栈最小元素public int getMin() {return minstack.get(minstack.size()-1);}}


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